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Biomedical subjects

S Iwase

Publications and source records attributed to S Iwase.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Sympathetic nervous adjustments in man to simulated weightlessness induced by water immersion.

To clarify the role of the sympathetic nervous system to adjust the fluid shift under weightlessness, muscle and skin sympathetic activities were recorded microneurographically in human subjects under simulated weightlessness induced by water immersion up to the levels of the knee, the navel, the breast and the neck. The muscle and skin sympathetic activities were reduced in proportion to rise of immersion level up to the neck. These changes of sympathetic activities were almost concomitant with those of simultaneously recorded soleus electromyograms and heart rate. Reductions of the thigh and the leg circumference were also confirmed by strain gauge plethysmogram recorded under the same experimental condition. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the sympathetic nervous system is suppressed under weightlessness simulated by water immersion. This suppression might depend mainly on the activation of intrathoracic low pressure receptors, due to the fluid shift toward the upper part of the body. The suppression of the sympathetic nervous system seems to be important to compensate the fluid shift under weightlessness.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Duplication of the caecum in a neonate simulating intussusception.

A case of caecal duplication in a 36-h-old neonate is described. The patient presented with vomiting and an abdominal mass and the barium enema finding was initially suggestive of intussusception. At laparotomy a duplication cyst completely obstructing the lumen was found. This was considered to have given the radiological picture simulating intussusception.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1985

Effects of perinatal asphyxia and myoglobinuria on development of acute, neonatal renal failure.

Thirty four consecutive neonates with birth asphyxia or respiratory problems were examined in the first week of life to clarify the relation between neonatal myoglobinuria and acute renal failure. Investigations included determination of creatinine clearance, fractional sodium excretion, and N-acetyl-beta-D glucosaminidase index as an indicator of tubular injury. The infants' gestational ages ranged from 29 to 41 weeks (mean 36 weeks). Fifteen infants did not have myoglobinuria on the first day of life (group A); myoglobinuria was mild in eight infants (group B) and severe in eleven (group C). Two infants in group B and seven in group C developed acute renal failure (47%). Ten infants in group C (91%) had severe asphyxia, five of whom (45%) also suffered neonatal seizures and intracranial haemorrhage. We suggest that myoglobin derived from muscle breakdown in asphyxiated infants may lead to acute renal failure secondary to a reduction in renal blood flow, or to tubular damage.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in young rabbits.

Gentamicin nephrotoxicity was investigated in 2 experimental models, Group I: young rabbits, age 10 to 12 d old (body weight 200 +/- 28 g) and Group II: growing rabbits, age 7 to 8 weeks old (body weight 1,470 +/- 116 g). Enzyme activity of Na-K-ATPase was measured in the inner cortex, the outer cortex and the medulla of the kidneys at 1, 1 1/2, 2 1/4, 3 and 4 h after a single injection of 150 mg per kg BW gentamicin and each result of group I was compared to that of group II. In group II animals, increase of this enzyme occurred in both the inner cortex and the outer cortex but not in the medulla, and changes occurred earlier in the outer cortex than in the inner cortex. In group I, the change of this enzyme activity was seen in the inner cortex only and occurred much later than in group II. These results indicate that gentamicin nephrotoxicity occurs earlier in adult rabbits than in young rabbits and also the change in enzyme activity was seen only in the inner cortex in the young rabbit kidney.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

An unusual case of Pick's disease.

A man aged 64, with a history of chronic trichloroethylene intoxication, presented early headache, impairment of memory, and "stehende Redensarten", later on mental deterioration with muteness and oral tendency. He died of bronchopneumonia. The brain was studied by light and electron microscopy. Numerous inflated cells, intraneuronal argentophil Pick bodies and central chromatolysis of neurons were found throughout the cerebral cortex. Widespread diffuse fibrillary gliosis was the finding bearing a striking resemblance to "progressive subcortical gliosis". Severe loss of nerve cells was observed in the temporal lobe (except the posterior of T 1) and moderate or mild loss in the gyrus rectus, insula, gyrus cinguli, and partial areas of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes. By electron microscopy, the argentophil Pick bodies consisted of a conglomeration of randomly arranged short 100-150 A filaments, ribosomes, vesicles, mitochondria, and scanty paired helical filaments. The present case was considered to represent a rare case of Pick's disease of the temporo-fronto-parieto-occipital type or panencephalic type.

Brain↗
PubMed1981

Pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy with massive appearance of corpora amylacea in the CNS.

A case of pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy, characterized by symptoms typical of progressive supranuclear palsy, presented (1) severe symmetrical abiotrophic degeneration of the globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus and (2) widespread accumulations of corpora amylacea in the CNS. The former is thought to be consistent with pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy and we regard it as a combined system degeneration of both the pallido-nigral and the pallido-luysial systems. The significance of the latter is quite obscure. As far as we know, only three cases of pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy have been reported. However, there is no reported case of this disorder with such widespread and massive accumulations of corpora amylacea as in our case.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

An autopsy case of atypical senile dementia with atrophy of the temporal lobes--a clinical and histopathological report.

A man aged 70, descendant of an apparently healthy family, showed disorientation, delusional ideas and rages at 66. Later there was slowly advancing deterioration with muteness, disorientation and dysphagia. He died of cardiac failure. There was the diffuse atrophy of the cerebrum, which was remarkably accentuated on both temporal lobes (poles, T2 and T3), where the loss of nerve cells and proliferation of astrocytes were found in the cortex and pallor and conspicuous fibrillary gliosis were noted in the white matter. These findings fundamentally suggest Pick's disease. On the one hand, numerous senile plaques and Alzheimer's neurofibrillary changes, suggestive of Alzheimer's disease (senile dementia), were observed throughout the cerebral cortex. On the other hand, a few inflated cells were also seen in the cingulate, superior frontal gyri and temporal lobes. Basilar artery was moderately atherosclerotic and cerebrovascular disorders were distributed throughout the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia, especially in the field of supply of middle cerebral artery. This case is similar to rare cases reported by Berlin (1949), Neumann (1949) and Oyanagi et al. (1975). The nosological situation as a disease entity remains to be determined.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Multiple system degeneration and involving thalamus, reticular formation, pallido-nigral, pallido-luysian and dentato-rubral systems. A case report.

An autopsy case of multiple system degeneration is characterized by the following; (1) progressive dementia and abnormal sleep patterns, followed by Parkinsonian symptoms with terminal akinetic mutism; (2) severe symmetrical degeneration in the thalamus, particularly nucl. medialis thalami, the reticular formation of the brain stem, also the pallidonigral, pallido-Luysian and dentato-rubral systems. As far as we known, there is no case in the literature, of combined system degeneration, which shows such a wide anatomical range of lesions as the present one. Clinico-pathological correlation between dementia and degeneration of the thalamus, and between abnormal sleep-consciousness mechanism and degeneration of the reticular formation are discussed. The extrapyramidal symptoms are discussed from the clinico-pathological aspect. In addition, peculiar eosinophilic bodies are described, which were most frequently found in the putamen.

Adult↗