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Biomedical subjects

S Iwarson

Publications and source records attributed to S Iwarson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Genetic factors in the development of chronic active hepatitis.

In 14 of 16 patients with chronic active hepatitis (C.A.H.) who did not have HLA antigens B8 and/or B12 an external triggering factor (drug or virus) could be demonstrated at onset of symptoms. In contrast external factors were involved in only 11 of 25 cases of C.A.H. in patients with HLA-B8 and/or B12. In the latter group antinuclear antibodies were less common in cases possible triggered by external agents compared with cases in which no such factor was demonstrated. The results suggest that there are at least two pathogenetically different types of C.A.H.---one genetically determined type in which no external factor is involved and in which autoimmune phenomena are common, and another type triggered by environmental agents and not involving predisposing genetic factors.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1977

Listeric meningitis in the non-compromised host.

A small epidemic of listeric infection among non-compromised adults recently occurred in the western part of Sweden. All ten patients survived and the prognosis of listeric meningitis in non-compromised patients would seem to be considerably better than in the compromised host. A rapid initiation of ampicillin treatment (10-20 mg/kg of body weight daily) within 48 hours after onset of symptoms may be contributed to the excellent outcome in the present series besides a well-functioning intracellular killing mechanism which seems to be of the greatest importance in listeric infeciton.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hepatitis B immune globulin in prevention of hepatitis B among hospital staff members.

In a double-blind trial of hospital staff members at risk of contracting hepatitis B, 110 subjects received hepatitis B immune globulin or immune serum globulin prophylactically. An additional 125 individuals working in the same locations were unwilling to participate in the trial and received no prophylaxis. During the study period of 28 months, 13 cases of clinical hepatitis B occurred in the untreated group, whereas only three cases occurred among the subjects who received prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The clinical significance of increased plasma levels of liver-synthesized coagulation factors in liver disease.

The first plasma Factor II-VII-X value after admission to the hospital was higher than 90% in 29% of 38 common duct stone patients, in 9% of 33 patients with bile duct obstruction due to pancreatic carcinoma, and in 3 of 5 patients with cholestatic drug reaction. In contrast, the admission value was above 90% in only one of 89 patients with acute hepatitis and in none of 8 patients with a hepatocellular drug reaction. Therefore, a high plasma Factor II-VII-X activity in a patient with liver or biliary tract disease seems to be a rellained by an increased protein synthesis in the liver.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1977

Rational use of hepatitis B immune globulin.

A review is given of present experiences of hepatitis B prevention through the use of immune globulins containing high titres of antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen. This type of passive immunization has proved effective after accidental exposure to contaminated material in hospitals and for regular prophylaxis among patients on chronic haemodialysis treatment.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Coenzyme-B12 therapy in acute viral hepatitis.

Extra vitamins are needed to repair tissue damage and compensate for diminished hepatic storage during viral hepatitis. Coenzyme-B12 has recently been synthesized and ought to have a favourable effect on the damaged liver cell as has previously been reported for cyanocobalamin, since it is better absorbed by oral administration and to a greater extent accumulated in the liver. Two groups of patients from the same hepatitis A epidemic were treated with either coenzyme-B12 or cyanocobalamin. A more rapid return of serum aminotransferase (S-ALAT) levels to normal was observed in the group treated with coenzyme-B12.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Long-term co- trimoxazole treatment of chronic Salmonella carriers.

Long-term co-trimoxazole treatment (4-6 months) was tried in 7 chronic carriers of mainly Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi B. No one had positive faecal cultures during treatment. Four faecal carriers were followed-up with regular cultures for at least 1 year after treatment and 3 of them remained negative. Long-term co-trimoxazole treatment seems to be well tolerated also in very old patients and may be worth trying also in cases where other antibiotics have failed.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

e antigen in acute hepatitis B.

To examine the association between e antigen and hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBs Ag) we studied 90 inpatients with acute viral hepatitis type B. e Antigen was present in 24 of the patients; these patients had detectable levels of HBs Ag for significantly longer than the 66 with no e antigen in their serum. The HBs Ag subtypes D (adw) and Y (ayw) were similarly distributed among patients with e antigen and among those without, and no differences in the results of biochemical liver function tests were observed between the two groups during the acute phase of illness. Three of the five patients who developed clinical and histological signs of chronic liver disease were positive for e antigen, a finding which supports the hypothesis that e antigen has a prognostic value in hepatitis B.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1976

The long-term outcome of hepatitis B.

Among 466 hospitalized patients with serologically verified acute hepatitis B, 440 individuals (94.4%) could be followed up until normalization of liver function had occured, or for at least one year. In 90.2% of the patients followed-up liver function including galactose tolerance) returned to normal within four months after onset of illness. Chronic persistent hepatitis B surface antigen (HB Ag) for at least one year in 14 patients (50%). Liver biopsy was performed in consistent with CPH in all cases. Histological signs of chronic aggressive hepatitis developed in 15 patients (3.4%) and persistence of HB Ag was observed in 11 of these patients (73%). No histological follow-up was performed in patients with normal liver function within four months after onset of illness. Cprticosteroid treatment in 56 patients with prolonged symptoms did not seem to predispose to persistence of HbsaG in the serum.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1976

Incidence of viral hepatitis after administration of factor IX concentrates.

A high frequency of viral hepatitis has been reported after treatment with the human factor IX concentrate 'Konyne'. Clinical trials with 'Konyne' and a similar factor IX concentrate, called 'Preconativ', was started in Sweden 1969. During the first 2 years, 26 patients were treated with either one or both preparations. Nine patients developed viral hepatitis within 6 months after treatment. 'Preconativ' alone was introduced on the Swedish market in 1971. During the period 1971-1974, another 26 hemophiliacs were treated but only two cases of hepatitis have occurred. Selection of donors and screening for hepatitis B surface antigen in donor blood used for the manufacturing of 'Preconativ', might be contributing factors to this low hepatitis incidence.

Factor IX↗
PubMed1976

Tourist hepatitis and gamma globulin prophylaxis.

Millions of tourists from Northern Europe visit the Mediterranean basin each year. Some of them provide themselves with gamma globulin prophylaxis against hepatitis A before departure. In Sweden about 50% of these travellers receive prophylaxis which means that about half a million Swedish tourists are injected with gamma globulin each year. The risk of contracting hepatitis A in South or East Europe without prophylaxis seems to be around 1/3000 travellers according to calculations presented in this report. With gamma globulin prophylaxis the risk seems almost negligible.

Hepatitis A↗