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Biomedical subjects

S Inagaki

Publications and source records attributed to S Inagaki.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Localizations of alpha 1 and beta 1 subunits of soluble guanylate cyclase in the rat brain.

We studied the localizations of alpha 1 and beta 1 subunits of soluble guanylate cyclase using in situ hybridization. The beta subunit was widely distributed in most neurons throughout the brain, with different levels of expression. The alpha 1 subunit was also distributed throughout the brain; however, it was located in more limited regions. Both subunits were expressed markedly in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, dorsal and ventral striatum, and several regions in the brainstem. Regions with little or no alpha 1 subunit expression, but with marked expression of the beta 1 subunit included the olfactory bulb except for the glomerular layer, pyramidal cell layer in CA1 and granular cell layer in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and many brainstem nuclei. The above regions expressing both subunits are suggested to contain active soluble guanylate cyclase as a target for nitric oxide, and thus may be involved in cellular signal transduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of I, II and III subtypes of voltage-sensitive Na+ channel mRNA in the rat brain.

We examined the expression of the I, II and III subtypes of voltage-sensitive Na+ channel mRNA in the rat brain using in situ hybridization histochemistry with oligonucleotide probes. The distribution of cells with strongly positive signals was characteristic for each subtype. Synthesis of each subtype of Na+ channel protein may be regulated by differential mRNA expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of type II adenylyl cyclase mRNA in the rat brain.

We studied the distribution of type II Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-insensitive adenylyl cyclase mRNA in the adult rat brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry. Although type II adenylyl cyclase mRNA was distributed throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the brain, the labeling intensity varied among regions. Strong expression was seen in fairly restricted regions such as CA1 and dentate-gyrus of the hippocampus, some thalamic nuclei, mammillary nucleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, parabrachial nucleus and locus coeruleus. The distribution of this type of mRNA was significantly different from that of type I Ca2+/CaM-sensitive adenylyl cyclase mRNA. The characteristic localization of type II mRNA suggests that this type of adenylyl cyclase may be involved in some neuronal functions different from the type I enzyme.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1993

Effects of 5-fluorouracil and a combination of tegafur and uracil (UFT) on nucleotide metabolism in L1210 ascites tumor.

Changes in the deoxyribonucleotide pools following a single oral administration of 13 mg/kg of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or of 64.8 mg/kg of UFT (a mixed compound of tegafur and uracil) were investigated. We compared their pharmacodynamics and effects on nucleotide metabolism in L1210 ascites tumor on day 3 after intraperitoneal tumor inoculation. The intracellular dTTP pool decreased to half the control level 1-6 hr after the administration of 5-FU. The dTTP pools rapidly recovered after 6 hr. In contrast, UFT kept the intracellular dTTP level to 1/3 to 1/2 of the control level for 24 hr. Either drug elevated the intracellular dATP pools, but decreased dCTP pools. UFT influenced the intracellular dATP and dCTP levels longer than 5-FU. Orally administered UFT seemed to exert a longer and more potent inhibitory effect on thymidylate synthetase than equimolar 5-FU. In view of these results, we suggest that UFT could be a more potent chemotherapeutic drug than 5-FU in oral administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Enhanced incorporation of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine by pretreatment with etoposide.

We examined the effects of timing of administration of etoposide on cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) incorporation into DNA in L1210 ascites tumor. At 1 hr after injection of ara-C, 3-hr and 6-hr pretreatments with 15 mg/kg of etoposide increased ara-C incorporation to more than 200% as compared to that of ara-C given alone. Simultaneous administration of etoposide, however, decreased ara-C incorporation to 33% of that of ara-C alone. These results might explain the previously reported sequence dependency of the antitumor effect of etoposide and ara-C.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Differential regulation of manganese and copper/zinc superoxide dismutases by the facial nerve transection.

The effects of unilateral nerve transection on manganese and copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD) mRNA levels in the facial nucleus were studied by in situ hybridization. An increase of Mn-SOD mRNA levels was first seen in the ipsilateral facial nucleus 12 h after axotomy, and was most pronounced at 4-7 days after this procedure; by 56 days, the increase disappeared. There was no change in Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA levels at any time after axotomy. We further confirmed, by immunohistochemistry, that the increase in Mn-SOD transcription was followed by protein synthesis. These results are suggestive of an important role for Mn-SOD in defense, regeneration and recovery responses following nerve transection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Synaptic contacts between CGRP-immunoreactive terminals and enkephalin-immunoreactive neurons in the central amygdaloid nucleus of the rat.

An immunoelectron microscopic method combined with immunofluorescence double staining was carried out to examine the relationship between calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactive (LI) axon terminals and enkephalin (ENK)-LI neurons in the central amygdaloid nucleus (Ce) of the rat. The latter method showed that many ENK-LI cell bodies are densely surrounded by CGRP-LI axons in the lateral subdivision of the Ce (CeL). After taking fluorescence micrographs, the immunoperoxidase technique was used to examine the CGRP-LI axonal profiles under an electron microscope. CGRP-LI terminals were frequently found to form axo-somatic synaptic contacts with ENK-LI neurons in the CeL.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1992

Menotropin stimulation after prolonged gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist pretreatment for in vitro fertilization in patients with endometriosis.

Two protocols were scheduled for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in patients with various stages of endometriosis who were resistant to conventional therapies. In the ultralong protocol (21 patients), gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (Gn-RHa) was administered for at least 60 days prior to ovarian stimulation along with menotropin until human chorionic gonadotropin was injected. In the long protocol (11 patients), Gn-RHa was started at the midluteal phase and exogenous gonadotropin was commenced between the third and the seventh day of the menstrual cycle after pituitary suppression. The estradiol response and the number of retrieved oocytes, fertilized oocytes, cleaved oocytes, and transferred embryos were similar in both groups but the clinical pregnancy rate per transfer was superior in the ultralong protocol (67 vs 27%). The miscarriage rate was 14% (2/14) in the ultralong protocol. Prolonged Gn-RHa suppression of ovarian function before superovulation may overcome some causes of infertility in patients with endometriosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Co-expression of glycine receptor beta subunit and GABAA receptor gamma subunit mRNA in the rat dorsal root ganglion cells.

We examined the expression of the beta subunit mRNA of the glycine receptor and the gamma subunit mRNA of the GABAA receptor in the rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) using in situ hybridization histochemistry with oligonucleotide probes. About 44% and 37% of the all DRG neurons were labeled by the probes for glycine receptor beta subunit and GABAA receptor gamma subunit mRNAs. Labeled neurons were mostly large cells that simultaneously expressed both glycine receptor beta subunit and GABAA receptor gamma subunit mRNA as demonstrated using consecutive sections. Thus, we suggest the possibility that both GABA and glycine presynaptically regulate the activity of neurons involved in low-threshold mechanoreception at axo-axonic synapses in the spinal cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Preprotachykinin A mRNA detected by in situ hybridization in guinea pig vestibular ganglion.

In situ hybridization histochemistry was conducted to examine the expression of mRNA encoding preprotachykinin A (PPTA), the precursor of the neuropeptide substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA), in guinea pig vestibular ganglion. Signals for PPTA mRNA moderately accumulated on most ganglion cells. SP and NKA are thus confirmed to be present in vestibular ganglion cells of the guinea pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A roentgenological study of Chilaiditi's syndrome].

The studies on Chilaiditi's syndrome reported in Japan have been mostly case reports on one or two cases. There have been studies on 356 cases in all. We have selected 262 cases with detailed data takes from the above 356 cases, together with 116 further cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome that we have encountered up to 1990, i.e. since our previous report in 1965. We also investigated roentgenograms, complications, interpositions and age distribution. The syndrome was mostly found in middle-aged and elderly patients of 50 years or older. More male patients were involved than female, however this is not necessarily true if the total number of patients under study is taken into account. Among the complications, gastric and duodenal diseases (ulcer and carcinoma) were most frequently found, accounting for 20.6% of the total reported cases in Japan. In our own study, the percentage was as high as 33.7% because radiography with contrast medium was positively conducted on the digestive tract. Of the interpositions, the colon accounted for 93.1% of our cases, and 72.9% of the total reported cases in Japan. The involved sites were mostly the right hepatic flexure of the colon and the transverse colon. From the reports by other researchers in the past and our data from 1965, 1975 and 1977, it appears that the incidence is about 0.003-0.03%. There were no subjective symptom specific to Chlaiditi's syndrome, and there may be various factors accounting for the occurrence of the syndrome. The symptoms were primarily based on the underlying diseases, and Chilaiditi's syndrome merely indicates the condition where the digestive tract interposes between the diaphragm and liver. Therefore, we regard this as a radiographical sign rather than a syndrome, and we propose that this should be called "Chilaiditi's sign". We also emphasize that the digestive tract must be strictly examined if this sign is to be noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Usefulness of ophthalmic examination in postnatal observation in teratology studies.

Pregnant rats were irradiated with soft x-ray at a dose of 635 r or 1270 r on Day 9 or 11 of gestation. The eyes of F1 offspring were examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit lamp biomicroscopy in postnatal weeks 3 to 7. Ophthalmoscopic examination of offspring irradiated at a dose of 635r or 1270r on Gestational Day 9 revealed iris and choroidal coloboma together with microphthalmia and anophthalmia at Postnatal Week 3 or later. Choroidal coloboma, an anomaly that cannot be detected by the common external observation method, was found ophthalmoscopically in one rat without any external ocular abnormalities. This fact suggests that ophthalmoscopy in postnatal observation can be useful to detect ocular teratogenic potential of test compounds in preclinical safety studies.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed1991

Localization of Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in cholinergic and somatostatin-containing neurons in the rat neostriatum.

We used rabbit antisera against manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase for immunohistochemical studies of localization in the rat neostriatum. Immunostaining was intense in large-sized neurons and several medium-sized neurons, but it was moderate to weak in other cells. Double immunostaining with monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase or somatostatin demonstrated large-sized, Mn-SOD immunoreactive neurons to be cholinergic, and some medium-sized neurons which were intensely immunoreactive for Mn-SOD to contain somatostatinergic.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Intense immunoreactivity for Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the rat basal forebrain.

The immunohistochemical localization of manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) was studied in the rat basal forebrain using polyclonal antibodies to Mn-SOD. Neurons of the basal forebrain exhibit a high density of Mn-SOD immunoreactivity. Double immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase demonstrated that both cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain are intensely immunoreactive for Mn-SOD.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Spiny and aspiny types of neuropeptide Y immunoreactive neurons in the monkey neostriatum.

The present study demonstrates the existence of two types of neurons with neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunoreactivity in the neostriatum of the monkey (Macacus fuscatus) by using the avidin-biotin-immunoperoxidase method. One type, accounted for about 80% of striatal NPY cells, corresponded to the medium-sized aspiny type neurons. The other type resembled the medium-sized, spiny type II neurons. These findings suggest that there are at least two functional subpopulations of NPY neurons in the monkey neostriatum.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Striatal calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive afferents from the regions ventral and medial to the medial geniculate nucleus of rats.

The sources of fibers with immunoreactivity to calcitonin gene-related peptide in the caudal portion of the caudate-putamen were investigated in animals treated by a knife cut, a tracer injection, or an electrolytic lesion of regions ventral and medial to the medial geniculate nucleus. Hemitransection of the brain just caudal to the caudate-putamen decreased ipsilaterally calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in the caudal portion of the caudate-putamen, suggesting that calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive fibers in the caudate-putamen originated from neurons in the area caudal to the caudate-putamen. Some calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive neurons in the regions ventral and medial to the medial geniculate nucleus, including the peripeduncular, posterior intralaminar and suprageniculate nuclei, were labeled ipsilaterally with a retrograde tracer after an injection into the caudal portion of the caudate-putamen. In addition, an electrolytic lesion of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive neurons in the regions ventral and medial to the medial geniculate nucleus decreased the number of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive fibers in the ipsilateral caudal portion of the caudate-putamen. These results suggest that some cells containing calcitonin gene-related peptide in several posterior thalamic nuclei project to the caudal caudate-putamen.

Animals↗