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Biomedical subjects

S Ikeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Ikeda.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Characterization of protein kinase C expression in human kidney.

Protein kinase C (PKC), the calcium and phospholipid-dependent kinase, is a key enzyme for regulation of growth and differentiation of various cells and tissues. Abnormalities of PKC modulation may cause diseases such as neoplasia. The present study was designed to demonstrate localization of PKC in normal human nephron segments. Surgically extirpated specimens for renal tumor were used. PKC was determined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemical methods using specific antibody against PKC that recognizes alpha and beta subtypes of this enzyme. Immunoblotting study demonstrated PKC in the cytosolic fractions of homogenized cortical tubules and medullary tubules prepared from morphologically normal part of the kidney. PKC was faintly detected in glomerular supernatants. Immunohistochemical study revealed that PKC was present throughout the nephron and especially concentrated in the cytoplasm of the proximal tubules and the medullary collecting ducts. The results indicate that PKC appears to play a role in regulation of normal nephron function in human kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A case for the adoption of pharmacoeconomic guidelines in Japan.

In recent years, more and more Japanese pharmaceutical companies have been submitting pharmacoeconomic data to the government, following the official request that such data may help in setting pharmaceutical prices. The companies have cooperated because, by doing so, they could influence pricing decisions for new products. However, the quality of these data at present is considered to be poor and heavily biased. The introduction of pharmacoeconomic guidelines that outline a set of standardised factors to be included in evaluations are necessary, so that an appropriate comparison of the cost effectiveness of the many new drugs that are introduced into the Japanese market each year can be made. In addition to supporting the development of standardised guidelines, the Ministry of Health and Welfare should clarify how pharmacoeconomic data are to be used to aid policy decisions and also mandate the publication of pharmacoeconomic data.

Drug Costs↗
PubMed1996

Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, induced pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia.

In this study, we investigated the association between the drug-induced pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia (PIE) syndrome in a patient with hypertension and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) captopril. Although the patient developed diffuse lung field infiltrates accompanied by productive cough and striking peripheral eosinophilia, these symptoms disappeared after termination of the administration of captopril, pronase and cephalexine. Furthermore, the results of the peripheral lymphocyte stimulation test, skin patch test and provocation test under informed consent showed a positive reaction only for captopril. Therefore, this patient was diagnosed as captopril-induced PIE syndrome.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone following intra-thoracic cisplatin.

A case of malignant thymoma with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) complicated by syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) following intrathoracic cisdichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP) administration is reported. A 59-year-old Japanese woman who presented with severe general fatigue was diagnosed with PRCA associated with a thymoma, based on the findings of a bone marrow biopsy, computed tomography of the chest, and the existence of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies. She underwent a thymectomy after frequent blood transfusions. This was followed by intrathoracic CDDP administration, because of pleural dissemination. Nine days following chemotherapy, her serum sodium concentration was found to be 104mM, while her consciousness was drowsy with severe fatigue and vomiting. This hyponatremic state was diagnosed as SIADH induced by CDDP infusion into the thoracic space, based on the hypo-osmolality of her serum, the hyper-osmolality of her urine, and an inappropriate level of plasma vasopressin.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1996

Inhibition in picture naming and word reading.

Some previous researchers assumed that the underlying process of inhibition is similar in the modally pure target-distractor task, e.g., picture-picture task, color-color task, and in the modally mixed target-distractor task, such as the picture-word task or the color-word task, but some did not. The present purpose was to compare the inhibition in the modally pure tasks (word-word task and picture-picture task) with that in the modally mixed task (picture-word task) through the effects of the two factors, that is, response set and the semantic relation between target and distractor. These factors were assumed to affect inhibition in some kinds of interference tasks. Analysis showed the effect of response set was evident on the picture-picture task but not on the word-word and the picture-word tasks. On the picture-word task, only when the distracting word was in the same set of the target picture, was the effect of the semantic relation exhibited. The differential inhibition for the three tasks was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Electrocochleography during experimental cochlear ischemia of the guinea pig.

It has been postulated that impairment of cochlear blood flow (CoBF) is one of the most important causes of hearing loss occurring during acoustic neuroma (AN) surgery. However, it remains unclear how the degree of cochlear ischemia influences the evoked responses in electrocochleography. (ECochG) which has been used for monitoring cochlear functions. In the present study, we investigated alterations in ECochG during cochlear ischemia of varying degree in the guinea pig. In order to induce cochlear ischemia, the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) was mechanically compressed via the transclival approach. The compression of AICA resulted in the reduction of CoBF in 55 out of 70 guinea pigs. A constant reduction of CoBF was maintained during the compression of AICA in 44 (63%) guinea pigs. CoBF abruptly decreased upon compressing AICA, and promptly recovered after releasing the compression. N1 and N2 in ECochG were also altered by compression. During 3-min ischemia, N1 and N2 disappeared in 36% and 41% of the cases, respectively. The residual CoBF in cases whose N1 and N2 disappeared was significantly lower than that in other cases whose N1 and N2 were sustained during 3-min ischemia. In addition, there was a tendency that the lower the residual CoBF was, the shorter the survival time of N1 and N2. In cases whose N1 and N2 did not disappear, the prolongation of N1 and N2 latencies after 3-min ischemia was positively correlated to the residual CoBF. On the basis of these results, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the changes in CoBF and ECochG during cochlear ischemia, and conclude that the degree of cochlear ischemia during AN surgery can be estimated with ECochG.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy generating a marked left ventricular pressure gradient in an 82-year-old woman].

Familial nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 78-year-old woman was diagnosed in 1988. Since then she has been treated with a beta-blocking drug and a calcium antagonist. Her clinical condition was NYHA I or II for several years. Echocardiography revealed asymmetric septal hypertrophy in 1988 (interventricular septal thickness = 21 mm, posterior wall thickness = 10 mm). Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve was first observed at the end of 1992. The left ventricular pressure gradient also gradually increased; it was about 138 mmHg in 1993 (age 82 yrs). The left ventricular ejection time index increased from 376 msec in May, 1992 to 459 msec in May, 1994. In September, 1994, the patient's condition gradually deteriorated (NYHA IV), and she was admitted to our hospital. To attenuate the left ventricular pressure gradient, 150 mg of disopyramide was administered. Her condition markedly improved: the left ventricular pressure gradient decreased from 180 mmHg to 76 mmHg, and the left ventricular ejection time index decreased from 485 msec to 419 msec. These results indicate that a left ventricular pressure gradient can be generated rapidly even in a very old patient, and that disopyramide may be useful to attenuate the left ventricular pressure gradient.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A 66-year-old woman with a patent ductus arteriosus and no significant progression of pulmonary arterial pressure over 17 years].

We report the case of a 66-year-old woman with a patent ductus arteriosus and no significant progression of pulmonary arterial pressure over 17 years. She was admitted to our hospital in 1978 because of palpitations on exertion and chest discomfort. Cardiac catheterization was done, and she was given a diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus. Because the left-to-right shunt was small (15%) and because there was no evidence of pulmonary hypertension (38/18 mmHg), she was treated medically. In 1995 she was admitted again, to determine the cause of a cerebral infarction. The cerebral infarction was believed to have been caused by an embolism due to atrial fibrillation. She underwent cardiac catheterization again. The left-to-right shunt had increased to 41%, but the pulmonary artery pressure had not changed (27/14 mmHg). Intravascular ultrasound imaging was used to evaluate the ductus arteriosus. The diameter of the ductus was 4.4 mm and calcification was not observed. During the 17 years of follow-up, heart size increased slightly, but pulmonary artery pressure did not change. In addition, intravascular ultrasound was very useful for evaluating the condition of the ductus arteriosus.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Determining the origin of hematuria by immunocytochemical staining of erythrocytes in urine for Tamm-Horsfall protein.

PURPOSE: We analyzed the feasibility of immunocytochemical staining of urinary erythrocytes for Tamm-Horsfall protein to differentiate renal from nonrenal hematuria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urine samples collected from 74 patients with hematuria were evaluated. Erythrocytes in urine were inspected morphologically and the same samples were immunocytochemically stained with antibody against human Tamm-Horsfall protein. RESULTS: Erythrocytes in urine were clearly stained for Tamm-Horsfall protein in renal hematuria. Tamm-Horsfall protein immunocytochemistry was more consistent with clinical diagnosis than morphology. CONCLUSIONS: Immunocytochemical staining of urine erythrocytes for Tamm-Horsfall protein appears to be a reliable tool to differentiate renal from nonrenal hematuria.

Diabetic Nephropathies↗
PubMed1996

[Chest wall reconstruction using polyester mesh].

From January 1987 through December 1994, we performed chest wall reconstruction using the polyester mesh in 15 patients with lung cancer, 11 with empyema after open drainage, 8 with chest wall tumor and 1 with radiation dermatitis and costal chondritis. Twenty five patients were resected 3 or more ribs. Chest wall defects were reconstructed with the polyester mesh covered with Gore-Tex soft tissue patch. Twenty two cases passed more than a year without signs of infection and follow-up averaged 27.6 months. Polyester mesh was removed due to bronchial fistula (3 cases), deformities (3 cases) and abscess formation (1 case). In these cases, polyester mesh was well incorporated and had no foreign body change. In conclusion, the polyester mesh seems to be a dependable prosthetic material for chest wall reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Prospective randomized trial comparing 1/2 FAM (5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + adriamycin + mitomycin C) versus palliative therapy for the treatment of unresectable pancreatic and biliary tract carcinomas (the 2nd trial in non-resectable patients). Japanese Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Therapy for Carcinomas of the Pancreas and Biliary Tract].

The efficacy of 1/2 FAM, which consists of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin (ADM) and mitomycin C (MMC), was compared with that of palliative treatment in patients with unresectable pancreatic and biliary tract carcinomas in a multicenter randomized trial. The patients assigned to 1/2 FAM group were treated with 5-FU 200 mg/m2/day IV, ADM 15 mg/m2/day IV and MMC 5 mg/m2/day IV. These 3 drugs were given concurrently as the initial dose within a week after palliative operation, and this regimen was repeated for at least 2 whole courses, at 4-week intervals before the next course of therapy. Those randomized to the control group were subjected to palliative treatment alone. Completely eligible for analysis were 42 cases of the 1/2 FAM group and 41 of the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the overall and differentiated survival times according to the tumor sites and the clinical efficacy. As for the duration of 50% inhibition of tumor progression, a significantly better outcome was obtained in 1/2 FAM group. Tumor progression was most significantly inhibited in patients with gallbladder carcinoma. In 1/2 FAM group, tumor reduction was achieved in 1 CR and 2 PR patients. The most frequent adverse reaction was gastrointestinal manifestations, along with diarrhea and alopecia. 1/2 FAM did not contribute to the life prolongation, but inhibited the tumor progression for a significantly longer duration and, to a lesser extent, reduced the tumor size in unresectable pancreatic and biliary tract carcinomas. This regimen is suggested to be useful particularly in the treatment of the latter carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of resected non-small cell lung cancer with reference to long-term follow-up].

We measured the cellular DNA content of paraffin-embedded tumor specimens by flow cytometry from 340 cases of resected non-small cell lung cancer, and investigated the correlation of DNA content and prognosis of these cases with long-term follow-up. These 340 cases were divided into some populations according to pathological stage, histologic type, surgical curativity and N factor, and we compared the prognosis of DNA diploidy cases and DNA aneuploidy cases in each population. DNA aneuploidy cases had a significantly less favorable prognosis than DNA diploidy cases in population of stage I adenocarcinoma, stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer and N2 cases among stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer, all after curative operation. But in other populations, there was no significant difference in prognosis between DNA diploidy cases and DNA aneuploidy cases. In conclusion, DNA ploidy pattern is a prognostic factor for survival in patients with stage I adenocarcinoma and N2 cases of stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial imaging in patients with right ventricular pressure overload.

UNLABELLED: Iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine ([123I]MIBG) has been used to evaluate the cardiac sympathetic nervous system, particularly that of the left heart. To clarify whether the right ventricular (RV) sympathetic neuronal function could be evaluated by [123I]MIBG myocardial imaging, we applied the technique in patients with pulmonary hypertension that was associated with either chronic pulmonary diseases or pulmonary vascular diseases. METHODS: All patients underwent right heart catheterization, and right heart hemodynamics were determined during a clinically stable state. SPECT was performed in the resting state 15 min (early imaging) and 4 hr (delayed imaging) postadministration of [123I]MIBG. Seven regions of interest (ROI) were selected on the delayed short-axis images on the RV free wall, left ventricular (LV) free wall and interventricular septum (IVS). We calculated the IVS-to-LV uptake ratio from the scintillation counts of the ROI. Thallium-201 myocardial imaging was also performed within 1 wk after [123I]MIBG imaging. RESULTS: Images obtained with these techniques were analyzed for the RV-to-LV uptake ratio. The IVS-to-LV ratio on [123I]MIBG correlated negatively and significantly with the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAm). The RV-to-LV uptake ratio on 201Tl images correlated significantly with PAm. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the uptake ratio of [123I]MIBG in the IVS is a useful index for evaluating the severity of pulmonary hypertension, and that chronic RV pressure overload contributes to disturbances of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1996

[A case of familial cardiac myxoma].

We experienced a case of familial cardiac myxoma observed in a mother and her daughter. A 58-year-old woman was addmited to our hospital because of repeated cerebral embolism. Echocardiography showed a left atrial myxoma to be considered as the cause of cerebral embolism. At the operation, 3 myxomas were found in the left atrium, and were removed successfully. No recurrence has been observed for 14 years after the operation. Three years after that, her 3rd child, 31-year-old-women, suffered from cerebral embolism and was also diagnosed as a left atrial myxoma. A friable myxoma was removed with the interatrial septum. She had no recurrence for 11 years after the operation. In patients with cardiac myxoma who have unusual biologic behavior, including familial myxoma, "complex" type myxoma must be suspected. We suggest that it is important to distinguish patients with "complex" type myxoma, because the recurrence rate is much higher in those than in patients with "sporadic" type myxoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A patient with plaque-stage mycosis fungoides has successfully been treated with long-term administration of IFN-gamma and has been in complete remission for more than 6 years.

We report the successful treatment of a patient with plaque-stage mycosis fungoides with long-term and intravenous administration of recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and discuss the possible mechanisms of this therapy. A 55-year-old female patient had been resistant to existing treatments and had suffered repeated exacerbations over a 5-year period. Four weeks after initiation of 2 x 10(6) U/day of IFN-gamma, a > 10% decrease in the affected surface area was noted. Twenty-two weeks after the administration of 228 x 10(6) U of IFN-gamma, complete remission (CR) was obtained. The CR continued for 13 weeks, but this was followed by an exacerbation. The second CR was obtained after the IFN-gamma dosage was increased to 16 x 10(6) U/week. The dosage was then gradually reduced by 2-4 x 10(6) U every 2 or 3 months. She was treated with a total dose of 2814 x 10(6) of IFN-gamma. She has been followed up for more than 6 years, and there has been no recurrence of mycotic skin lesions nor any visceral involvement. During therapy, no serious side-effects were noted. Long-term administration of IFN-gamma is useful for the treatment of patients with intractable mycosis fungoides. A gradual decrease in the dose of IFN-gamma is important for maintaining remission.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1996

[Administration method and recurrence-preventing effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) as a postoperative adjuvant endocrine therapy for stage III breast cancer. Kitakyushu Collaborative Study Group for Breast Cancer].

By a collaborative study undertaken by 11 medical institutions in the Kita-Kyushu area, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of the combination of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and Tamoxifen (TAM) as a postoperative adjuvant endocrine therapy for Stage III breast cancer. First, 1 course of CAF therapy was administered; then, in combination with the basic therapy of 5-FU 200 mg/day p. o. for 3 years, ER (+) patients were treated with either 2-week sequential therapy of TAM (30 mg/day) and MPA (800 mg/day) or TAM (30 mg/day), and ER (-) patients received either MPA (800 mg/day) or 5-FU alone. Neither survival nor disease-free rates of the 92 analyzable patients were different between these treatment groups. Furthermore, the blood levels of MPA and cortisol had no correlation with survival and disease-free periods. We studied the effect of MPA on the natural inhibitors of blood coagulation, but found no difference from the result in healthy adults. It was, however, shown that MPA had a bone marrow-protecting effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A case of atlanto-axial rotatory fixation associated with Jefferson's fracture].

The authors present a case of atlanto-axial rotatory fixation associated with Jefferson's fracture. A 52-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of severe neck pain and torticollis after a traffic accident. Cervical x-ray films showed fracture of the atlas. CT scans demonstrated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and atlanto-axial rotatory fixation. The patient was managed with skull traction and reposition was achieved. Although he was maintained in a halo device for 4 months, rotary fixation recurred. He underwent posterior fusion between the atlas and axis. We review the literature and discuss the diagnostic problems and methods of treatment for atlanto-axial rotatory fixation.

Atlanto-Axial Joint↗