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Biomedical subjects

S Ikawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Ikawa.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Abnormality of oral ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance test in the Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Serial measurement of serum bile acid levels before and after oral administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was performed in 10 patients with Dubin-Johnson acid levels were significantly elevated in the patients compared with the controls (p less than 0.05). Oral UDCA tolerance studies revealed impaired bile acid clearance from serum in the patients and showed markedly increased serum bile acid levels 120 min after administration (p less than 0.01). These results indicate that some DJS patients have abnormal bile clearance which may be attributable to defects in hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of bile acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Chromosomal loci of genes controlling site-specific restriction endonucleases of Bacillus subtilis.

We constructed transformation of B. subtilis 168 which acquired genes for site-specific restriction endonucleases. These endonucleases originated from various strains of B. subtilis and were classified into five groups based on the specificity of the sequences recognized by the enzymes. We examined the loci of genes for site-specific restriction endonucleases belonging to different groups: hsrE determined Endo. R. Bsu1231 (I), hsrB Endo.R.Bsu1247(I), hsrR Endo.R.BsuR and hsrC Endo.R.Bsu-1247(II). One gene, hsrE, was located between sacA and purA by transduction crosses with phage PBS1, and another gene, hsrB, between hsrE and purA. Genes hsrR and hsrC had been suggested to be allelic or closely linked by previous studies with transformation. We located hsrR and hsrC between purB and tre. Our previous observation and this study show that B. subtilis 168 has at least three independent loci on the chromosome for four genes for site-specific restriction endonucleases in addition to the locus for the original restriction activity (Bsu168-specific restriction) of strain 168.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1981

Oral ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance test in patients with digestive disease.

Serial measurement of serum bile acid levels was carried out in patients with digestive diseases before and after oral loading with 500 mg of ursodeoxycholic acid. In control cases, serum bile acid reached the maximum level 30 min after loading. Elevation also, of cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acid levels was noted in addition to marked enhancement of the ursodeoxycholic acid level. In patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis and cirrhosis, the serum bile acid level was higher than the controls in fasting state, and increased more significantly after loading. On the other hand, in patients with small intestinal disorders, the serum bile acid level in fasting state tended to be lower than the controls, and became significantly lower after loading. Thus, oral ursodeoxycholic acid tolerance test is found to be useful as a diagnostic test for digestive diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Responses of leukocytes and other hematologic parameters to thermal dehydration.

Effects of thermal dehydration without exercise on leukocyte differentials, serum protein fractions, and other hematologic characteristics were studied in six healthy subjects. Both leukocyte and serum total protein levels increased beyond that predicted by hemoconcentration alone. Eosinophil counts decreased significantly, although other leukocyte counts tended to increase. Serum globulin concentrations tended to increase, but the albumin level did not change. Serum K+ concentration was elevated, but Na+ and Cl- were unaffected. It is suggested that thermal dehydration affects blood leukocyte composition and protein metabolism in many of the same ways as physical exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Work capacity after iron treatment as a function of hemoglobin and iron deficiency.

The relative importance of hemoglobin (Hb) and non-Hb iron for physical work capacity was studied in 45 adult male and female subjects, with a range of Hb and serum iron levels. Maximal work capacity, heart rate, venous blood lactate and serum protein were measured before and after 1 week of treatment with Imferon, i.v. Even though some non-Hb related effects on parameters indicative of maximal work capacity were found, the main factor was Hb related. Subjects with low Hb-high serum iron worked longer than ones with low Hb-low iron. When work performed was similar, the marginal Hb-low iron group had a higher blood lactate concentration than the high Hb-high iron and marginal Hb-high iron groups. The coefficient of correlation between serum iron and post-exercise lactate levels was -0.41 (p less than 0.05). Even though neither of these groups showed a Hb response within 1 week of iron treatment, the initial low serum iron groups had significantly lower heart rates at a given work load relative to subjects with high iron but with a similar Hb level. This occurred both at rest and during light to heavy exercise. These results suggest that a rather rapid benefit of iron treatment is gained in iron-deficient subjects with severe and moderate anemia which cannot be accounted for by Hb changes. Although the primary factor which affects the physical work capacity of iron-deficient anemic subjects seems to be the Hb level, there also seems to be a significant non-Hb related effect of iron treatment as well.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1979

Host-controlled modification and restriction in Bacillus subtilis: Bsu 168-system and BsuR-system in B. subtilis 168.

A Bsu168-specific restriction deficient (r168-) mutant of Bacillus subtilis Marburg 168 was transformed to be BsuR-specific restriction proficient (rR+) with B. subtilis R DNA as efficiently as the Bsu 168-specific restriction proficient (r168+) parental strain (hsrM+, hsdR-). We constructed rR+ mR+ r168+ m168+ strain (ISMR 4), rR+ mR+ r168- m168+ strain (ISR 11) and rR+ mR+ r168- m168- strain (ISR 6) from strain 101 (r168+ m168+), strain 1012 (r168- m168+) and strain RM125 (r168- m168-), respectively by transformation with B. subtilis R DNA, and tested their restriction and modification activities on phage phi 105C. The results show that the sites recognized by Bsu168-specific restriction and modification enzymes and the sites recognized by BsuR-specific ones are not overlapping. We conclude that the Bsu168-modification and restriction system and the BsuR-modification and restriction system are controlled independently by two distinct sets of genes in the rR+ mR+ transformant of r168+ m168+ strain B. subtilis 168.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1979

Steroids as substrates for cholesterol: oxygen oxidoreductase, with special reference to 3beta-hydroxy bile acids.

Cholesterol: oxygen oxidoreductase [EC 1.1.3.6] from Brevibacterium sterolicum (ATCC 21387) was found to catalyze the oxidation of steroids such as sterols, steroid hormones, and bile acids having a free C-3beta hydroxyl group. However, the enzyme was inactive towards estradiol and estriol and had a weak activity towards steroids with functional groups adjacent to the 3beta-hydroxyl group on the steroid nucleus. Variation in the length of the side chain of 3beta-hydroxy steroids had no marked effect on the activity. 3beta-Hydroxy bile acids with delta4 or delta5 were oxidized to almost the same extent as cholesterol. In contrast, 3beta-hydroxy bile acids without delta4 or delta5 were oxidized only to the extent of 1.4--2.1%. 3 beta-Hydroxychol-4 or 5-enoic acid was oxidized in the same way as cholesterol. This enzyme is useful as a simple tool for identification of 3 beta-hydroxy groups of bile acids.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1978

Serum squalene levels in hepatobiliary diseases.

Serum squalene levels did not change in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, but were significantly reduced in patients with intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis. The ratio of cholesterol to squalene remained normal in patients with acute hepatitis as well as chronic active hepatitis, while being slightly decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in patients with cholestasis the ratio was markedly raised. From these observations we confirmed abnormal sterol metabolism in hepatobiliary diseases, and clinical usefulness of the ratio of cholesterol to squalene to distinguish hepatocellular injury and cholestasis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Bile salts of the green turtle Chelonia mydas (L.)

1. Bile salts of the green turtle Chelonia mydas (L.) were analysed as completely as possible. 2. They consist of taurine conjugates of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 22 xi-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acid (tetrahydroxysterocholanic acid) and 3 alpha 12 alpha, 22 xi-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-26-oic acid, with minor amounts of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid (cholic acid), 3alpha, 12 alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid (deoxycholic acid) and possibly other bile acids. 3. Cholic acid and deoxycholic acid represent the first known examples of bile acids common to chelonians and other animal forms: they may indicate independent evolution in chelonians to C24 bile acids. 4. The discovery of a 7-deoxy C27 bile acid is the first evidence that C27 bile acids or their conjugates have an enterohepatic circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Correction of water content and solute concentration in blood during hemoconcentration.

Eleven, healthy male students were subjected to an exhaustive bicyle ergometer exercise. Many parameters of hemoconcentration were examined in blood and urine samples which were collected before and after exercise. In an exercise lasting approximately 10 min, it was found that serum total protein (STP) would be a suitable parameter that could be used to calculate water content and actual decrease in water volume in blood due to exercise. Further, it is described how STP values before and during hemoconcentration can be used to eliminate the effect of plasma water loss from the determined values of various solute levels in blood.

Adult↗