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Biomedical subjects

S Iijima

Publications and source records attributed to S Iijima.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Bone metabolism after human parturition and the effect of lactation: longitudinal analysis of serum bone-related proteins and bone mineral content of the lumbar spine.

A prospective study was performed to investigate postpartum changes in human bone metabolism and the effects of lactation on them. The subjects consisted of two groups: 13 women who stopped breast-feeding within 3 months postpartum (short-term group) and 14 women who continued breast-feeding for more than 6 months postpartum (long-term group). Serum carboxyl-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), carboxyl terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), and bone gla protein (BGP) were measured prepartum, and at 5 days, 1 month, 3 months and 9 months postpartum. Lumbar BMD was measured at 3-7 days, 3 months and 9 months postpartum. Between prepartum and 3 months postpartum, the values and variations in the markers were essentially the same in both groups. PICP was maintained at a constant and significantly higher level than the control value. In contrast, ICTP had increased markedly at 5 days postpartum, gradually decreasing thereafter. BGP was low prepartum and gradually increased. At 9 months postpartum, PICP and ICTP decreased to the control values in the short-term group. The postpartum time course of lumbar BMD showed a significant decrease in both groups at 3 months postpartum. Recovery to the puerperal level was seen at 9 months postpartum in the short-term group but not in the long-term group. In conclusion, bone resorption is stimulated by parturition as well as lactation resulting in postpartum loss of lumbar BMD.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Spheroid formation of hepatocytes using synthetic polymer.

It is known that hepatocytes show the different morphology depending on the surface condition of cultural substratum. The cells form a floating cell-aggregate called spheroid on proteoglycan-coated or positively charged dishes. The liver cell functions are generally high and maintained for the long-term in the spheroid culture. Since spheroid morphology is preferable for the construction of a bioartificial liver, it is important to develop an effective method of preparing spheroids. In this regard, we examined a preparation method of functional spheroid-like cell-aggregates, in which a synthetic polymer, Eudragit was added to culture medium for inducing liver cell-aggregation. The cell-cell attachment of the aggregate was loose at the beginning of the culture, but it became tight and spheroids were formed 2-3 days after inoculation. When 0.1% Eudragit was added to the medium, the liver functions such as albumin secretion, ammonia removal and urea synthesis were enhanced compared with monolayer and conventional spheroid cultures. The spheroid formation was also performed with suspension culture in a spinner flask. Approximately 80% of the cells inoculated formed spheroids by the addition of the polymer. Moreover, the polymer showed a protective effect from cell damage by agitation. Since this procedure does not require surface for cell attachment, a large amount of spheroids can be prepared in suspension culture.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1997

Identification of chondromodulin I as a novel endothelial cell growth inhibitor. Purification and its localization in the avascular zone of epiphyseal cartilage.

Cartilage is unique among tissues of mesenchymal origin in that it is resistant to vascular invasion due to an intrinsic angiogenic inhibitor. During endochondral bone formation, however, calcified cartilage formed in the center of the cartilaginous bone rudiment allows vascular invasion, which initiates the replacement of cartilage by bone. The transition of cartilage from the angioresistant to the angiogenic status thus plays a key role in bone formation. However, the molecular basis of this phenotypic transition of cartilage has been obscure. We report here purification of an endothelial cell growth inhibitor from a guanidine extract of bovine epiphyseal cartilage. The N-terminal amino acid sequence indicated that the inhibitor was identical to chondromodulin I (ChM-I), a cartilage-specific growth-modulating factor. Purified ChM-I inhibited DNA synthesis and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells as well as tube morphogenesis in vitro. Expression of ChM-I cDNA in COS7 cells indicated that mature ChM-I molecules were secreted from the cells after post-translational modifications and cleavage from the transmembrane precursor at the predicted processing signal. Recombinant ChM-I stimulated DNA synthesis and proteoglycan synthesis of cultured growth plate chondrocytes, but inhibited tube morphogenesis of endothelial cells. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical studies indicated that ChM-I is specifically expressed in the avascular zone of cartilage in developing bone, but not present in calcifying cartilage. These results suggest a regulatory role of ChM-I in vascular invasion during endochondral bone formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Human IgGFc binding protein (FcgammaBP) in colonic epithelial cells exhibits mucin-like structure.

Cloning a cDNA for human IgGFc binding protein (FcgammaBP) from human colonic epithelial cells reveals an mRNA and coding region of 17 and 16.2 kilobases, respectively. The predicted amino acid sequence contains 12 occurrences of a 400-amino acid cysteine-rich unit resembling that found in mucin. A motif (CGLCGN) in FcgammaBP is conserved in MUC2 and prepro-von Willebrand factor. The N-terminal 450-amino acid sequences are necessary and sufficient to confer IgG Fc binding activity. FcgammaBP mRNA is expressed only in placenta and colonic epithelial cells. These results suggest that FcgammaBP may play an important role in immune protection and inflammation in the intestines of primates.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Simultaneous analysis of microheterogeneity of immunoglobulins and serum protein fraction using high-voltage isoelectric focusing on six cellulose acetate membranes.

A systematic detection method for the single performance of cellulose acetate (CA) membrane isoelectric focusing to detect six different types of information on protein abnormalities was developed. High-voltage isoelectric focusing was carried out on six layers of CA membrane using a thermoelectric cooling apparatus. After electrophoresis, the proteins on the top, the third, the fourth, the fifth, and the bottom CA membrane were transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane by a simple contact printing procedure to detect IgM, kappa-chain, lambda-chain, IgA, and IgG, respectively. Each PVDF membrane revealed the microheterogeneity of these immunoglobulins using specified anti-serum and enzyme immunostaining. The second CA membrane was stained with Coomassie brilliant blue G250 to detect serum protein patterns. All stained membranes showed clear electrophoretic patterns of immunoglobulin microheterogeneity. By our method, immunoglobulin abnormalities in serum could be screened out using six different types of information obtained simultaneously.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1997

Role of supplementation of a nucleic acid solution on the intestinal mucosa under total parenteral nutrition.

Since dietary nucleotides play an important role in the growth and development of the intestine, supplementation of a nucleic acid solution (OG-VI) may support the optimal growth and integrity of the intestine under total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Supplementation of OG-VI to a TPN solution improved mucosal morphologic and functional changes, increased mucosal proliferation, and decreased mucosal permeability of the intestine. After 80% small bowel resection, OG-VI supplementation to a TPN solution attenuated the initial mucosal atrophy and improved intestinal cell turnover. Nucleic acid supplementation may be clinically beneficial in certain situations.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Peripheral blood neutrophil rheology measured by micropore filtration reflects Behçet's disease activity well.

Activated neutrophils take a long time to pass through a narrow lumen like a micropore, and are supposed to play a deteriorating effect on microcirculation. Although the activation of neutrophils has been demonstrated in Behçet's disease, nobody analyzes the clinical activity of the disease by means of the rheological measure of neutrophils activity. Using a micropore (pore diameter 5 microns) filtration technique, we measured the filtration time of peripheral blood neutrophils, as a rheological measure of their activity, in order to determine the clinical activity of Behçet's disease. Twenty-one patients with Behçet's disease and 14 healthy control individuals were enrolled in the study. Symptoms and signs exhibited in the patients led us to distinguish the Behçet's disease into inactive and active cases. The latter were further differentiated into cases with absent symptoms and with present symptoms. Neutrophil filtration times were 11.5 +/- 4.8 s in the active cases with present symptoms, which were significantly (P < 0.05) larger than those (7.4 +/- 1.9 s) in the active cases with absent symptoms. The latter filtration times were further significantly (P < 0.001) larger than values (3.7 +/- 1.3 s) in the inactive cases and also those (4.8 +/- 1.2 s) in control subjects. Furthermore, increases in the filtration time obtained immediately after the exposure of cells to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP: 10 nM) were significantly (P < 0.01) larger in the active cases with present symptoms than those in the active cases with absent symptoms. The latter were also larger, but not significantly, than those in the inactive cases, and were significantly (P < 0.01) larger than those in control subjects. The present results demonstrate that the micropore filtration method reflects well the rheological activity of neutrophils as well as the clinical status of Behçet's disease. This method is much better than the measurement of O2 production to differentiate between active cases with absent symptoms and inactive patients or even control individuals. Furthermore, it is more sensitive and useful than laboratory data like the CRP value or the number of peripheral blood neutrophils.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome associated with cytomegalovirus antigenemia after bone marrow transplantation.

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (GCS) is characterized by a distinctive self-limiting acral papular or papulovesicular eruption associated with an underlying viral illness. It has not been previously reported in patients post-bone marrow transplantation. We report a 6-year-old Japanese boy who underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an unrelated donor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in second remission. He had clinical and histopathologic findings characteristic of GCS and evidence of subclinical infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) detected by CMV antigenemia assay. It is likely that CMV is the causative agent for the GCS in this case.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1997

Influence of pepsinogen gene polymorphisms on serum pepsinogen.

We identified pepsinogen C (PGC) gene polymorphisms by means of PCR, which amplified DNA in the region within the intron between exons 7 and 8, and by 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Six alleles were found in a Japanese population. The frequencies of these alleles in 408 unrelated Japanese individuals were 0.074, 0.026, 0.335, 0.237, 0.016 and 0.314, respectively. The serum pepsinogen II level significantly decreased in the order of the allele 6 homozygote, the allele 6 heterozygote and the other genotypes (chi 2 = 7.850, D.F. = 2, p = 0.020). These findings indicated that the genetic background of serum pepsinogen should be considered when screening for stomach cancer by this procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Papillary eccrine adenoma: immunohistochemical studies of keratin expression.

Despite various studies, there are serious disagreements about the cellular differentiation of papillary eccrine adenoma. In the present study, 2 specimens of papillary eccrine adenoma were analyzed by immunohistochemical techniques, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies against keratins, to elucidate its differentiation. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of multiple tubular structures lined by two or more layers of epithelial cells. The luminal cells of the tubules were flattened or cuboidal. The former were noted in large dilated tubules. The latter were usually observed in small-to-moderate-sized tubules, and formed intraluminal papillary projections in some tubules. Immunohistochemically, there were two kinds of cuboidal cells in the luminal layers of the tubules. Most of the large dilated tubules and some of the small-to-moderate-sized tubules expressed immunophenotypes similar to those of the eccrine dermal duct. The other tubular structures, including the small tubules resembling those of syringoma, expressed immunophenotypes similar to those of the transitional portions between the dermal ducts and the secretory segments of eccrine glands. From the above comparative studies, papillary eccrine adenoma is considered to differentiate towards the dermal duct and the transitional portions between the dermal ducts and the secretory segments of eccrine glands.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed1997

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is not rare in Japan.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) is rarely reported in Japanese and other oriental populations. To examine if there is a racial difference in the prevalence of MEN 1, we initiated extensive work on patients with endocrine tumors for additional lesions, and annual screening of family members of affected patients. In a four-year study, eleven asymptomatic patients were found by family screening, and the number of patients with MEN 1 in our clinics increased from 16 to 38. Estimated prevalence of MEN 1 was no less than 0.018/1000. MEN 1 may not be as rare as had been thought in Japanese, and the prevalence of MEN 1 in Japanese would not be significantly different from that of Caucasians. Systemic surveillance and extensive screening of family members are required for early detection and management of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Swallowing rehabilitation in an elderly patient with Wallenberg's syndrome--role of videofluorography and the swallowing provocation test].

A 65-year-old man was admitted to our department due to severe dysphagia, dysarthria, and aspiration pneumonia. Dysphagia and dysarthria were caused by lateral medullary infarction (Wallenberg' s syndrome). After the patient recovered from pneumonia, the abnormality of swallowing was assessed by a swallowing provocation test and videofluorography. Two months after the start of swallowing training, a swallowing provocation test showed that the swallowing reflex had improved and videofluorography showed that the magnitude of aspiration to the trachea had decreased. The patient began taking food by mouth. These tests are useful for quantitative assessment of dysphagia and for deciding when to start oral intake in elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Blocking adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cell types by S. agalactiae type-specific polysaccharides.

By using immortalized and normal endothelial cells, we were able to detect inhibitory effects of type specific polysaccharides from Streptococcus agalactiae on adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells, which is an essential step of cancer metastatis. The inhibition was probably due to specific structures of the bacterial polysaccharides, since the structures of the saccharides are very similar to those of cancer specific sialyl Lewis carbohydrates (sialyl Le(a) and Le(x)) which bind to ELAM-1 of endothelial cells. This result indicated that the bacterial polysaccharides from S. agalactiae could be very useful and hopeful as cancer metastasis inhibitors.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1996

Modulation of thermogenic response to parenteral amino acid infusion in surgical stress.

Thermogenic response to parenteral infusion of amino acid mixtures in rats undergoing surgical stress was investigated with the aid of a small animal indirect calorimeter. Male Wistar rats (n = 12) were laparotomized and received intestinal abrasion along with construction of a parenteral route. After 48 h, nutrient-induced thermogenesis (NIT) produced by amino acid mixtures was examined and compared with that of control rats (n = 12) without surgical stress. The NIT values of the leucine-enriched solution were greater than those of the control solution in both rats with and without surgical stress. The NIT generated by the leucine-enriched solution in rats with surgical stress was significantly higher than that in rats without. NIT values for 10 different kinds of single amino acid solutions with identical concentrations was then examined in 60 rats. The NIT values of the leucine and the glycine solutions were relatively higher than those of other solutions. However, when puromycin was injected intraperitoneally into 12 rats just before measurement of the NIT in response to amino acid mixtures, no significant differences were found in NIT values between the mixtures. In summary, surgical stress increased the thermogenic response to the leucine-enriched solution, indicating that utilization of leucine may be augmented under surgical stress. In fact, leucine itself may be a thermogenic amino acid. Inhibition of protein synthesis prevented the increase in thermogenic response induced by the leucine-enriched solution. We conclude that thermogenic responses to parenteral amino acid mixtures may differ depending not only upon the compositions of amino acids but also upon the host conditions.

Amino Acids↗