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Biomedical subjects

S Iida

Publications and source records attributed to S Iida.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A variant chromosome translocation at 11q13 identifying PRAD1/cyclin D1 as the BCL-1 gene.

The 11q13 breakpoint region of t(11;14) (q13;q32), translocated to the Ig heavy chain locus at 14q32, has been designated as BCL-1 for B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-1, but the nature of the transcriptional unit has long remained unclear. Recently, the PRAD1 gene encoding cyclin D1, isolated from the 11q13 region, was proposed as a candidate BCL-1 gene on the basis of chromosome walking and concordant overexpression of PRAD1 mRNA in cell lines with t(11;14)(q13;q32). We report here molecular analysis of a variant translocation at the BCL-1 locus, t(11;22)(q13;q11), showing juxtaposition of the Ig light chain gene, Ig lambda, to the PRAD1 gene at its 3' end, resulting in overexpression of PRAD1 mRNA. Because only the PRAD1 gene is present between the Ig heavy chain and light chain gene breakpoints, an identity between BCL-1 and the PRAD1/cyclin D1 gene is strongly indicated.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction detects heterogeneous chimeric mRNAs in leukemias with 11q23 abnormalities.

The MLL gene involved in 11q23 translocations found in the majority of infantile leukemias and some secondary leukemias makes fusion transcripts with genes such as LTG4 (chromosome 4), LTG9 (chromosome 9), and LTG19 (chromosome 19) as a result of reciprocal translocation. We have examined 25 cases of leukemias with 11q23 abnormalities by Southern blot analysis and the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using various primer pairs, chimeric mRNAs could be amplified in 6 of 7 leukemias with t(4;11), 6 of 8 leukemias with t(9;11) including secondary leukemia, 8 of 9 leukemias with t(11;19), and 1 with a deletion at 11q23. The chimeric mRNAs were heterogeneous and differential usage of the MLL exons was found, irrespective of the partner chromosomes. Sensitivity studies showed that a single clone with chimeric mRNA in 10(4) to 10(5) cells could be detected. These findings show that the present RT-PCR settings provide a rapid, accurate, and sensitive tool for diagnosing leukemias with 11q23 translocations and for monitoring response to therapy in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Expression of fibroblast growth factor gene family and its receptor gene family in the human upper gastrointestinal tract.

All of 13 human esophageal cancer cell lines contained mRNAs for both basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its receptor, FGFR1/N-sam protein, while they did not have mRNAs for keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) despite the presence of mRNAs for the KGF receptor gene, K-sam. The results indicate that in human esophageal cancer, bFGF plays roles in an autocrine manner, while KGF acts as a paracrine mediator. In contrast, only one of seven human gastric cancer cell lines contained bFGF mRNAs, while three out of the seven had mRNAs for FGFR1/N-sam protein. The KGF gene was not expressed in any of the gastric cancer cell lines, while K-sam mRNAs were detected in six out of the seven. The results demonstrate that in most human gastric cancers, bFGF does not act as an autocrine mediator, while KGF acts as a paracrine factor. The mRNAs for the other four members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, including acidic FGF, int-2 protein, hst-1 protein, FGF5 protein and FGF6/hst-2 protein could not be detected in the esophageal and gastric cancer cell lines.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Diminished visceral adipose tissue in cancer cachexia.

To estimate the relationship between the visceral adipose tissue (AT) area and cancer cachexia, 13 cachectic patients (7 males, 6 females; age 65.2 +/- 11.0 years; body mass index 20.8 +/- 4.1 kg/m2) were examined by computed tomography (CT) scanning. Cachectic cancer patients who had a 10% decrease of body weight and died within 6 months because of gastrointestinal carcinoma had a significantly smaller visceral AT area than control subjects (mean +/- sd: 43.9 +/- 42.2 cm2 vs. 93.4 +/- 56.0 cm2, P < 0.05, P = 0.014). Otherwise, there were no significant differences between the visceral AT areas of cachectic cancer patients and those of cancer patients with resectable tumors treated by curative operation (mean +/- sd: 68.8 +/- 57.7 cm2) (NS, P = 0.206). There was, however, a tendency for cachectic cancer patients to have a smaller visceral AT area than those with resectable tumors. This result suggests that the visceral AT area is not preserved in the cachectic state associated with cancer.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1994

Effect of a new calcium antagonist (SM-6586) on experimental cerebral ischemia.

SM-6586 (SM) is a new derivative of dihydropyridine with potent calcium blocking activity and inhibitory activity of the Na+/H+ and Na+/Ca++ exchange transport. The effect of SM on survival rate, brain edema and metabolites was evaluated using two different models in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Global ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BLCL) and focal ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The survival rate after BLCL was higher in the SM-treated group. The brain water content was lower, the ATP level was higher and lactate level was lower in the SM-treated group compared to the control group. In focal ischemia models, the SM-treated group showed a reduction of T1 relaxation time. The brain water content was significantly decreased in the SM-treated group. These results indicate that SM was effective in ameliorating the ischemic insult in global and focal cerebral ischemia models.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A new precipitation method with magnetic separation for high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol assay.

We describe a new precipitation method for high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol quantitation. The new method uses magnetic force instead of centrifugal force to separate high-density-lipoprotein from other lipoproteins that are fractioned with a precipitating reagent. The reagents used for the new method are the same as those for the conventional method except that magnetizable particles are included in the former. The magnetizable particles are used without any modifications. The correlation between the new and the centrifuge methods with dextran sulfate-magnesium chloride, sodium phosphotungstate-magnesium chloride and polyethylene glycol 6,000 were satisfactory (r = 0.990, 0.997 and 0.997, respectively). The new method, which can be combined with any precipitating reagents used in conventional methods, is very simple to perform and does not need any special equipment.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1994

Laparoscopic and minilaparotomy Billroth I gastrectomy for gastric ulcer using an abdominal wall-lifting method.

Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy is still technically difficult because of the lack of appropriate techniques, the expensive laparoscopic instruments, and the use of numerous disposable stapling devices. In an attempt to solve these problems, we have designed a method of laparoscopic and minilaparotomy Billroth I gastrectomy using an abdominal wall-lifting method.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of a Suppressor-mutator/Enhancer-like transposable element, Tpn1, from Japanese morning glory bearing variegated flowers.

The Japanese morning glory has an extensive history of genetic studies. Many mutants in the colors and shapes of its flowers and leaves have been isolated since the 17th century, and more than 200 genetic loci have been localized for the 10 linkage groups. They include over 20 mutable loci, several with variegated flower phenotypes. In a line of Japanese morning glory bearing variegated flowers called flecked, a transposable element of 6.4 kb, termed Tpn1, was found within one of the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes encoding dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR). The 6.4-kb element carries 28-bp perfect terminal inverted repeats, the outer 13 bp being identical to those of the maize transposable element Suppressor-mutator/Enhancer. It is flanked by 3-bp direct repeats within the second intron of the DFR gene, 9 bp upstream of the third exon. When somatic and germinal excision occurs, it produces excision sequences characteristic of plant transposable elements. Cosegregation data of the variegated flower phenotype and the DFR gene carrying Tpn1 indicated that the mutable phenotype is due to excision of Tpn1 from the DFR gene. Sequences homologous to Tpn1 are present in multiple copies in the genome of Japanese morning glory.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of first and second generation anti-HCV antibody tests--with special reference to their discrepancy].

Among anti-HCV antibody tests, we compared one first generation kit(Ortho Co.) and two second generation kits(Eiken Kagaku-sya, Abbott Co.). Discrepancies between results from the tests of the three kits were examined by conducting confirmatory tests including polymerase chain reaction and reviewing clinical data. Among 240 subjects including patients with chronic liver disease, 67.9% were negative to all the three kits, 19.2% were positive to all, and 12.9% showed discrepancies between results from the three kits. The discrepancy is caused not only by non-specific reactions previously known in first generation kits but also by the kinds of epitope and their combinations in second generation kits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Health behavior model based analysis of factors affecting alcohol behavior of company employees].

Factors affecting alcohol behavior were studied using, as a conceptual framework, a Health Behavior Model on Alcohol (Alcohol Behavior Model), adapted from Munakata's Health Behavior Model. Under this model alcohol behavior is restricted or promoted by the levels of self-initiative ability, which influences both health promotion factors and health hindrance factors. How these factors influence alcoholic behavior in company employees was studied. Employees were asked to complete questionnaires when they came to health centers for their regular health examination between August to September 1990. Two hundred and ninety-two of the three hundred subjects answered the questionnaire. Results indicate that the major factor for restricting alcoholic behavior was self-efficacy regarding drinking alcohol. The self-efficacy level was increased by the persons' perceived vulnerability to alcohol and was decreased when alcohol functioned as an aid to recover from fatigue or to lower stress. As a conclusion, empowering clients to enhance self-efficacy appears to be effective as a health objective for coping with alcoholic behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Extensive resection of the bile ducts combined with liver resection for cancer of the main hepatic duct junction: a cooperative study of the Keio Bile Duct Cancer Study Group.

BACKGROUND: It is necessary to elucidate whether extensive resection of the bile ducts combined with liver resection is a feasible and valid procedure for cancer of the main hepatic duct junction. METHODS: Based on a multi-institutional study, resectability rate, operative mortality, long-term survival, and factors contributory to long-term survival were investigated. RESULTS: Between January 1973 and December 1991, a total of 158 patients with this cancer were admitted to Keio University Hospital and six affiliated institutions. Eighty-three (53%) of the 158 patients underwent resection, with seven (8.4%) postoperative deaths. The operations were performed by seven surgeons who were in charge of liver surgery at each respective institution. The 5-year actuarial survival rate of the 83 patients who underwent resection was 20%. Twelve patients survived more than 5 years, and these patients underwent curative resection. Three of the 12 patients were doing well after 10 years. Procedures of liver resection were right trisegmentectomy in two patients and left lobectomy with resection of the right portal vein in one. CONCLUSIONS: It is clear that cancer of the main hepatic duct junction has become a curable disease. The operation is a valid procedure that can be widely practiced by competent surgeons.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Molecular diagnosis of leukemia and lymphoma].

Various kinds of nonrandom chromosomal aberrations have been reported in hematopoietic malignancies. Since the 1980s, many translocation-associated oncogenes and several suppressor oncogenes have been identified and applied for the clinical diagnosis of these malignancies. The former is of major, clinical importance for specific diagnosis made on the basis of molecular detection of the chromosomal translocation, the deregulated expression, and the chimeric mRNA of those genes. Both BCL-1 and BCL-2 genes, associated with mantle zone lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, respectively, belong to the representative deregulated oncogenes by juxtaposition with an immunoglobulin gene enhancer as well as an MYC gene in Burkitt's lymphoma. On the other hand, the MLL gene, associated with infant leukemia, acute monocytic leukemia and secondary leukemia, produces chimeric mRNAs between LTG4, 9, and 19 genes as well as the BCR-ABL chimeric gene in chronic myelogenous leukemia. The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) by either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR is becoming an essential test during the course of treatment containing bone marrow transplantation, because positive results of the MRD are closely related to poor prognosis and would have great influence on the choice of treatment plans.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1993

A novel pathway for formation of thiol metabolites and cysteine conjugates from cysteine conjugate sulphoxides.

p-Bromothiophenol and S-(p-bromophenyl)-L-cysteine were formed enzymatically from S-(p-bromophenyl)-L-cysteine sulphoxide in the in vitro systems with isolated rat hepatocytes or purified cysteine conjugate beta-lyases. Isotope dilution study with non-radiolabelled carrier of each product suggested the initial liberation of the thiol and subsequent formation of the cysteine conjugate. C-S bond cleavage pathway to liberate sulphenic acid and thiol are postulated to play an important role in in vivo generation of toxic intermediates and products from cysteine conjugates.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding an inducible calmodulin-dependent nitric-oxide synthase from rat liver and its expression in COS 1 cells.

Calmodulin-dependent nitric-oxide synthase, with an apparent molecular mass of 125 kDa, was induced in the liver of rats treated with Propionibacterium acnes and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. Clones were isolated from a cDNA library obtained from induced rat liver using oligonucleotide probes which were synthesized based on the amino acid sequences of peptides of the purified enzyme. Four overlapping cDNA clones for a 3.8-kbp region were isolated and the nucleotide sequences were determined. These clones encompassed an open-reading frame of 3441 bases encoding 1147 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA suggested that the protein contains binding sites for NADPH, FAD and FMN. The structure of the possible calmodulin-binding site, consisting of a strongly hydrophobic region surrounded by basic amino acids, is present. The full-length cDNA was expressed in COS 1 cells under the control of a cytomegalovirus promoter and the expressed enzyme was found to be a calmodulin-dependent nitric-oxide synthase. A structural comparison suggested that the liver nitric-oxide synthase is the same as the macrophage enzyme. Northern-blot analysis showed that the mRNA in the liver is approximately 4.2 kb long and is induced transcriptionally by treatment with P. acnes and lipopolysaccharide.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1993

Localization of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons in the solitary nucleus and ventrolateral medulla oblongata of the rat: their relation to catecholaminergic neurons.

The morphological relationship between nitric oxide (NO) and catecholamines in the solitary nucleus (SOL) and ventrolateral medulla oblongata (VLM) was studied by a double immunostaining method with antibodies against NO synthase (NOS), an NO-synthesizing enzyme, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme. Although NOS- and TH-immunoreactive neurons were widely distributed in the SOL and VLM, these immunoreactivities did not coexist in any single neurons. NOS-immunoreactive neurons formed clusters in some restricted regions, i.e. in the medial subnucleus of the SOL, where both NOS- and TH-immunoreactive neurons showed a complementary distribution. These findings suggest that NO-producing neurons constitute a subclass that is distinct from that of catecholaminergic neurons.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗