The effectiveness of cross-age tutoring with truant, junior high school students with learning disabilities.
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Absenteeism↗
Biomedical subjects
S I Brown
Publications and source records attributed to S I Brown.
Corneal transplantation in microphthalmic eyes.
We performed corneal transplantation in nine microphthalmic eyes of five patients, who ranged in age from 1 to 63 months. The anteroposterior diameter of the eyes ranged from 12.5 to 16 mm. Complications from the surgery included superficial epithelial erosions in three eyes, leading to superficial scarring in one eye, glaucoma, and suture microabscesses. Despite these complications, seven of nine grafts have remained clear and vision developed in all eyes.
Abscess↗
Reduction of astigmatism after keratoplasty.
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Astigmatism↗
Immunological study of proteins and mucosubstance in saline soluble human ocular mucus.
Proteins and mucosubstance of the saline extract of human ocular mucus were studied by immunological analysis. A minor study was made with human tears for comparison. Immunoelectrophoresis of proteins from these two sources consistently revealed similar characteristic gel patterns. Proteins were found as the major constituents of both samples. However, more mucosubstance was present in the saline extract of human ocular mucus than in tears. Seventeen proteins were identified in the mucus extract. Albumin, IgA, and lactoferrin appeared to be the three major proteins, while lysozyme, lactoferrin, tear prealbumin, and ocular mucoisolate were tear and ocular mucus specific. Although saline soluble mucoisolate is complex in structure, it seemed to resist electrical dissociation, producing only one major precipitation line along with a line of IgA during immunoelectrophoresis. The ocular mucoisolate accounted for about 12% of the saline extractable proteins of human ocular mucus.
Eye↗
Treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis with topical cromolyn sodium.
Eight patients with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLKC) were treated with topical cromolyn sodium. All standard modes of therapy had failed. Six patients manifested marked improvement or complete resolution of their condition. The administration of cromolyn sodium appears to be a safe and effective alternative in the treatment of SLKC.
Administration, Topical↗
Bacterial endophthalmitis associated with exposed monofilament sutures following corneal transplantation.
Three cases of bacterial endophthalmitis following corneal transplantation resulted from suture abscesses that were initiated by loose or broken exposed sutures. Histopathologic examination clearly demonstrated that the infection gained access to the anterior chamber by following a deeply placed suture that traversed the posterior wound gap at the donor-host interface. We believe that exposed sutures may lead to significant postoperative complications and must be carefully observed.
Abscess↗
Therapy of Mooren's ulcer.
In 37 eyes of 23 patients with Mooren's ulcer initial treatment with topical corticosteroids healed 12 ulcers. Conjunctival excision, used if the corticosteroids failed, healed eight ulcers. Patients failing to respond to topical corticosteroids and conjunctival excision were treated with immunosuppression. This resulted in healing of four of 13 ulcers. Overall, 24 of 37 ulcers (65%) were healed. Eight of nine unilateral ulcers and six of six bilateral nonsimultaneous ulcers (ulcer began in one eye after healing in the other) healed after treatment with topical corticosteroids and conjunctival excision. However, only ten of 22 bilateral simultaneous ulcers responded to topical corticosteroids, conjunctival excision, and immunosuppression. Bilateral, simultaneously active Mooren's ulcer is a severe, relentlessly destructive condition for which no completely satisfactory treatment exists.
Administration, Topical↗
The role of herpesvirus type 1 thymidine kinase in experimental ocular infections.
Herpesvirus type 1 thymidine-kinase-negative mutants are readily selected for in tissue culture and in humans by acyclovir, a promising antiviral agent. We investigated the ocular pathogenicity of thymidine-kinase-negative mutants in the rabbit. The natural course of untreated keratitis induced by the herpesvirus type 1 thymidine-kinase-negative strain was characterized by superficial dendrites and geographic ulcers that healed spontaneously without loss of corneal clarity. We also studied the relationship between herpesvirus type 1 thymidine-kinase activity and virulence in the rabbit with three strains of herpesvirus type 1: NIH thymidine-kinase-positive (100% thymidine-kinase activity), NIH thymidine-kinase-intermediate (25% thymidine-kinase activity), and NIH thymidine-kinase-negative (0% thymidine-kinase activity). Despite comparable ocular titers, the NIH thymidine-kinase-positive strain proved to be the most virulent, causing significantly (P less than .002) more keratitis, encephalitis, and death than the other strains.
Animals↗
Wound healing of grafts in congenitally opaque infant corneas.
Wound healing, determined by uneventful suture removal, was evaluated in 28 corneal transplants (20 eyes) with congenital corneal opacities. Seven transplants in seven eyes with the typical central corneal opacities of Peters' anomaly had suture removal between 17 and 90 days postoperatively. All seven transplants remained transparent. Corneal grafts for sclerocornea or regrafts in sclerocornea healed much more quickly than those in eyes with Peters' anomaly (as early as four days postoperatively in the 13 most recent cases). In these corneas suture microabscesses and superficial neovascularization of the wound were signs indicating wound healing and also a host inflammatory response that led to graft rejection if the sutures were not removed.
Child, Preschool↗
Fractionation and partial characterization of macromolecular components from human ocular mucus.
Crude human ocular mucus was extracted with 0.154 M-NaCl to separate soluble protein components from mucus. Small amounts of lipoglycoprotein of high molecular weight, as well as twelve plasma proteins, were detected in the soluble extract by gel filtration and immunodiffusion studies. After the NaCl extraction, the remaining mucus residue was further extracted with 6 M-urea-0.2 M-Tris-phosphoric acid buffer. From this portion of soluble extract, a relatively larger amount of lipoglycoprotein of high molecular weight, as well as a lower molecular weight fraction containing eight detectable plasma proteins, were both isolated by gel filtration. The glycoprotein moieties of the lipoglycoproteins of high molecular weight had similar chemical composition. Both contained approximately 40-43% protein and 57-60% carbohydrate, giving a carbohydrate--protein ratio of 1.30 to 1.48. Fucose, galactose, N-acetylhexosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid comprised about 423 516 residues per 1000 amino acid residues, while serine and threonine constituted about 285 299. All analyses indicated mucin-like character in the lipoglycoproteins of high molecular weight. Plasma proteins constituted approximately three-fifths of the macromolecular components in ocular mucus. These proteins also appeared to be in complexes with lipids, but to a much lesser extent than the high molecular weight fractions. The relevance of present findings to the structure and composition of precorneal tear film is discussed.
Adult↗
O-glycosidic linkage in glycoprotein isolates from human ocular mucus.
Alkaline beta-elimination and sodium borohydride reduction were used to study the O-glycosidic linkage of N-acetylgalactosamine to seryl and threonyl residues in the high molecular weight crude glycoprotein fractions isolated from human ocular mucus. Pure mucins, BSM and OSM, were used as models. Data are presented for the existence of such O-glycosidic linkages. It was estimated from sodium borohydride reaction that at least 22% of the total peptide bonded hydroxyamino acid residues are linked O-glycosidically. These findings, as a continuation of our previous work on the isolation and chemical characterization of human ocular mucus, provided additional evidence of the mucin nature of the glycoprotein isolates.
Acetylgalactosamine↗
Immunosuppressive therapy in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.
To evaluate the efficacy of systemic immunosuppressive drugs, including corticosteroids, in the long-term treatment of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, we conducted a prospective clinical trial in 57 patients (34 women and 23 men ranging in age from 46 to 94 years). Each patient was assigned to one of five groups. Group 1 (26 patients) served as the control group (four patients in this group who showed progression were later switched to treatment groups). Group 2 (eight patients) received combination therapy with cyclophosphamide and prednisone; Group 3 (13 patients) received cyclophosphamide alone: Group 4 (nine patients) received azathioprine; and Group 5 (five patients) received prednisone alone. We found that untreated ocular cicatricial pemphigoid has a variable course and does not necessarily progress. Further, the disease may be asymmetric in severity and progression; progression is more likely in advanced stages than in the earlier stages. Although immunosuppressive therapy inhibited conjunctival shrinking in all four treatment groups, some eyes in each group progressed despite treatment. Serious complications included hemorrhagic cystitis, dermatitis, anorexia and weight loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, and leukopenia.
Aged↗
HLA antigens in Stevens-Johnson syndrome with ocular involvement.
Fifteen white patients and three black patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) with ocular involvement had HLA typing performed. The HLA-Bw44 antigen was found to have an increased frequency of 66.7% in white patients with SJS with ocular involvement, which was statistically significant when compared with a frequency of 20.4% in the white control population. The results of this study suggest that there is an immunogenetic susceptibility to the development of SJS with ocular manifestations in white patients.
Adolescent↗
Corneal transplantation in an infant with corneal dermoid.
A 1-month-old infant had a protuberant congenital corneal dermoid that extended into the anterior chamber. The dermoid was excised in two stages. A 12-mm lamellar keratectomy was followed three months later by a smaller (8-mm) penetrating keratoplasty. This technique minimized the complications associated with large corneal transplants and increased the chance of long-term success. The graft has remained transparent and the posterior segment appears to be normal. The infant can maintain constant fixation and recognize small objects and crawls without difficulty.
Anterior Chamber↗
Increased collagenase and gelatinase activities in keratoconus.
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Amino Acids↗
Ocular rosacea.
Ocular rosacea was diagnosed in 6.3% of a cornea/external disease referral practice where more than half of the patients referred are for corneal surgery. The most common signs and symptoms are also common to many patients in the general practice of ophthalmology, i.e., foreign body sensation, burning, superficial punctate erosions, chalazia and blepharitis. Less common but dangerous to the vision was corneal thinning, vascularization and infiltrates. Three new associated symptoms were described. These were map dot subepithelial opacities, recurrent erosions and moderately severe foreign body sensation, pain or burning with minimal associated signs. Oral tetracycline 250 mg q.i.d. resulted in improvement in almost all patients from 4 to 17 days after initiation of therapy. Although most of the patients have been able to taper and stop therapy, those with foreign body sensation, burning and pain have had recurrences of their symptoms with all attempts at stopping therapy.
Adult↗
Transplantation of lacerated corneas.
We performed penetrating keratoplasties in eight eyes with opaque corneas from healed corneal lacerations that extended into the corneoscleral limbus. We found dense fibrovascular membranes that extended from the laceration site over the surface of the iris into the angle in several cases and posteriorly to involve the ciliary body in all cases. In seven eyes moderate to severe increases of intraocular pressure occurred postoperatively. Additionally, five eyes had retinal detachments which were either present at the time of surgery or which developed postoperatively. The corneal grafts remained transparent in all eight eyes and visual acuity improved in four.
Adolescent↗