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Biomedical subjects

S Hussain

Publications and source records attributed to S Hussain.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Urography and cystoscopy in bladder mucosal abnormality.

A prospective study was carried out on 60 patients. The diagnostic usefulness of intravenous urography (IVU) compared with that of cystoscopy in assessing the state of the bladder mucosa was evaluated. Collectively, radiology was as good as cystoscopy in suggesting the final diagnosis of the location and severity of a mucosal lesion. The after-micturition film (AMF) from IVU was the single most informative film which produced correct results in 59 of 60 patients. The full bladder film was the least useful examination and in 45 cases suggested an incorrect or misleading diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of schistosomal periportal fibrosis.

Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis results from infestation by Schistosoma mansoni, a blood fluke. Presinusoidal periportal fibrosis is invariably the result of this infestation. The ultrasonic pattern of schistosomal periportal fibrosis in 22 patients in whom schistosomal hepatic involvement was proven histologically is described. Echogenic areas of pipestem fibrosis seen as tubular shadows, some containing central lucencies, were present in every case. These tubular shadows conformed to the structure of the portal veins, producing a characteristic appearance. In endemic areas this appearance may be the only clue to the diagnosis of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, because patients may remain asymptomatic for years after the onset of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Chemical reactivity and mutagenicity of some dihalomethanes.

Four dihalomethanes; dichloromethane, bromochloromethane, dibromomethane and diiodomethane, have been studied with respect to their reactivities towards nucleophilic compounds of different strengths in water solution and with respect to their toxicities and mutagenic effectiveness in bacterial test systems. The correlation between biological activity (toxicity and mutagenic effectiveness in Salmonella TA100) and reactivity towards strong nucleophiles indicates that reactions with nucleophilic groups of high reactivity in the biological material, possibly SH or amino groups in proteins, are involved in their mechanism of action.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

The production of high affinity monoclonal antibodies to human growth hormone.

The primary aim of this work was to produce specific monoclonal antibodies to human growth hormone (hGH) for use in a diagnostic RIA of hGH levels in serum. Three different schedules were used for immunization of BALB/c mice and the splenocytes from each mouse were fused with myeloma cells Sp 2/0 Ag 14. Each fusion resulted in the production of hundreds of hybridomas secreting hGH-directed antibodies. Six antibodies have been fully characterized and have been grouped into pairs which recognize 3 different epitopes on the hGH molecule. One pair exhibits no cross reaction with the structurally related placental hormone, human placental lactogen (hPL), a second pair has low cross reaction with hPL (1.6-3%) and a third pair reacts equally well with hGH and hPL indicating binding to a common epitope in the 2 molecules. The highest affinity antibody, 74/6, which has an affinity constant of 4.4 X 10(10) l/mol and 3% cross-reactivity with hPL, has been used to establish a RIA for serum hGH measurements. Evidence is provided that hGH levels measured in this assay correlate well with those obtained in a conventional rabbit antiserum assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Estimation of genetic risks of alkylating agents. VI. Exposure of mice and bacteria to methyl bromide.

Methyl bromide was studied in a forward mutation system of E. coli to evaluate the relationship between dose and mutagenic response. The compound had a high toxicity and a low mutagenic efficiency, as expected from the high s value. The mutagenic effectiveness was estimated to be 1 mutation per 10(8) surviving bacteria per mM . h, in reasonable agreement with expectation from reaction kinetic data. To study the possibilities of using hemoglobin alkylation for an estimation of DNA alkylation in vivo, mice were treated with 14C-labeled methyl bromide. The degree of alkylation of DNA, determined in liver and spleen, was considerably lower than expected (200 and 20 times, respectively) from the degree of alkylation of hemoglobin and from the relative reactivities of DNA and hemoglobin towards methyl bromide in vitro. when hemoglobin alkylation is used for quantitative risk estimations, a correction factor has to be applied by taking into account the difference between the dose in red blood cells and the dose in the compartments of DNA.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1980

Rationalising abdominal radiography in the accident and emergency department.

A retrospective analysis is presented of 100 consecutive patients attending an accident department and referred for abdominal radiography. In general the reasons for requesting supine films appeared sound. Five per cent of referrals were for haematemesis which is not a valid reason for plain radiography. An erect abdominal film as a routine request is indicated only in suspected intestinal obstruction (4% in this series), but 83% of patients were referred for both erect and supine films. If haematemesis were excluded as a reason for X-ray referral, and if erect films were limited to suspected intestinal obstruction, 95% of the patients would still have been referred for radiography, but almost half the abdominal films would not have been required. This would have reduced film wastage, workload and more important, gonadal irradiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Preoperative arteriographic spasm and outcome from aneurysm operation.

The timing of intracranial operation for the treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysm remains controversial. To find objective parameters to guide us, we performed angiography 24 to 72 hours before contemplated operation in 35 Grade I patients in whom subarachnoid hemorrhage had occurred at least 1 week earlier. Operation in the presence of angiographic vasospasm in Grade I patients over 1 week after SAH was associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Only 1 of 28 patients in whom spasm was absent or mild at the time of operation had an unsatisfactory outcome from operation (P less than 0.003). There was no correlation between clinical grade and significant spasm; 17 patients who were clinically Grade I over 1 week after SAH had moderate or severe angiographic spasm. These data suggest that all patients should undergo angiography just before contemplated operation and that operation should be postponed if vasospasm is present.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗