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Biomedical subjects

S Hughes

Publications and source records attributed to S Hughes.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Autoradiography of technetium-labelled diphosphonate in rat bone.

The passage of technetium-labelled methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) across rat bone was examined by autoradiography. The autoradiographs showed that shortly after an injection of the bone-seeking agent there was activity outside the bone, within the bone marrow and also adjacent to the highly vascular epiphysial plate; the distribution of the isotope in the incubated bone appeared to be non-uniform, a high concentration being seen adjacent to the epiphysial plate and also on the surfaces of the bone. The evidence suggested that a two-fold mechanism resulted in the uneven distribution of 99mTc-MDP. The first factor probably represented the regional distribution of blood flow with a transcapillary movement of the tracer from the capillary bed to the extravascular space; the subsequent incorporation of the tracer into bone appeared to depend on the nature of the bone matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Orthopaedic complications of renal transplantation.

One hundred and eighty-one patients who underwent renal transplantation between 1973 and 1979 have been reviewed. Thirty of these developed one or more orthopaedic complications. The commonest and most serious was avascular necrosis of bone and the treatment of 14 patients with this condition is described. Transplant recipients who developed this complication received twice the total dose of steroids in the six months after transplantation than a control group with no avascular necrosis. The management and pathology of patients with avascular necrosis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Plasma zinc after myocardial infarction.

Plasma levels of zinc and albumin have been measured for eight consecutive days in patients suffering chest pain due to myocardial infarction or myocardial ischaemia. A substantial diurnal variation has been found in both controls and patients. Plasma zinc falls after myocardial infarction reaching the lowest level on day 2, thereafter returning to normal by day 8. The lowest plasma zinc levels occur within 48 h of a myocardial infarction and in some patients herald the development of a serious cardiac arrhythmia. Plasma albumin falls progressively after myocardial infarction, being lowest on day 8. The fall in plasma zinc is not totally explained by the fall in plasma albumin.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Penetration into bone and tissues of clindamycin phosphate.

Clindamycin phosphate is an antibiotic which is effective against both Staphylococcus aureus and the anaerobic organisms. In thirteen patients, its concentration following joint replacement was measured by the agar diffusion method. In bone, the concentration was (mean +/- s.e. mean) 5.01 microgram/ml +/- 1.16, N=10; in capsule, 3.29 microgram/ml +/- 0.71, N=12; measured between 1.75 and 3.75 hr after intramuscular and intravenous injections, and in drainage fluid it amounted to 4.61 microgram/ml +/- 0.38, N=11 in 48 hr. Two patients developed diarrhoea which settled within a short period.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The uptake by the canine tibia of the bone-scanning agent 99mTc-MDP before and after an osteotomy.

The residue and extraction of technetium-labelled methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP), a substance used in bone scanning, was examined in the canine tibia and found to be low. Examination of washout curves suggested that there were four compartments in cortical bone, a vascular, a perivascular, a bone fluid and a bone compartment. After an osteotomy in the canine tibia the residue of 99mTc-MDP increased. This was believed to be due to an increase in the blood supply to the bone and to an associated increase in new bone available for exchange. Bone scanning in a fracture is therefore a reflection of the vascular status of the bone being examined and of the uptake by bone. This is dependent on there being an adequate blood supply to the bone and an increased number of mineral-binding sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The distribution of 99mTc-EHDP in the tissues of the dog and its application in the assessment of fracture healing.

Technetium-labelled ethane hydroxydiphosphonate (99mTc-EHDP) is a commonly used bone-scanning agent. After injection it leaves the circulation to enter bone and to be cleared by the kidney. The transcapillary exchange of 99mTc-EHDP in bone was examined and found to be low. The capillary movement was compared with that of sucrose, a freely diffusible substance, and it was found that the permeability ratio of 99mTc-EHDP to 14C-sucrose was similar to the diffusion coefficient ratio, suggesting that 99mTc-EHDP passes through the capillaries by the process of passive diffusion. The renal clearance of 99mTc-EHDP was 24 ml/min and was unaffected by the action of parathyroid hormone. After a fracture the bone blood flow increases, although the transcapillary extraction of 99mTc-EHDP does not change. This is because there is an increase, from recruitment and dilatation of capillaries, in the surface area available for exchange. Therefore the increased isotopic activity seen on a bone scan after a fracture is primarily related to an increase in bone blood supply from capillary enhancement within the cortex.

Animals↗