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Biomedical subjects

S Howard

Publications and source records attributed to S Howard.

95 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine inhibits diacylglycerol kinase in WEHI-3B cells.

The effects of 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-16-OCH3-GPC) and its metabolite 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol (AMG) on the activity of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) in WEHI-3B cells were investigated. Treatment of WEHI-3B cells with 200 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 5 min leads to the activation of cytosolic DGK without significant effect on microsomal DGK. When these cells were first exposed to 50 microM ET-16-OCH3-GPC for 30 min prior to activation with TPA, the activity of DGK was inhibited by about 70%, as measured by the ability of enzyme to form [32P]phosphatidic acid ([32P]PA). Addition of either ET-16-OCH3-GPC or AMG to the preparation of enzyme in vitro also inhibited 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol (DG) phosphorylation in the presence of [gamma-32P]ATP. The IC50 value for inhibition of cytosolic DGK by ET-16-OCH3-GPC and AMG were about 8.5 and 15 microM, respectively. ET-16-OCH3-GPC also inhibited the ability of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiophosphate) (GTP-gamma S) to activate DGK in vitro. The potency of ET-16-OCH3-GPC at 10 microM in inhibiting DGK was greater than that of sphingosine at 50 microM, but less than that of R59022 (a specific DGK inhibitor) at 10 microM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of resettlement on people with learning disabilities.

This article describes a small-scale study of the quality of life for people with learning disabilities after moving from a large group home with institutional features to community settings. The Life Experiences Checklist was chosen to provide objective measures of their quality of life before and after the move, and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to gain a more personal view of their life satisfaction. The results showed that the overall quality of life for the service users improved following resettlement. In particular, the home environment, leisure facilities, freedom and opportunities for service users had all increased significantly. Participants also reported having more choices and were more likely to take part in leisure and household activities. However, the range and quality of personal relationships experienced by the service users showed slight but not significant changes. These findings are discussed in relation to previous research, and the importance of quality evaluation is considered.

Community Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a satellite educational program.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program using a combination of live satellite programming and individualized instruction. A secondary goal was to develop an evaluation strategy that would be useful to other educators who provide distance-based educational programs. SETTING: A program designed for public health officers who would serve as laboratory directors in local public health laboratories was presented live by satellite in June 1993. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: The course emphasized good laboratory practice as needed to direct a laboratory performing moderate complexity tests. Physicians who completed the course received 20 continuing medical education credits and qualified as laboratory directors under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA 88). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Increase in participants' knowledge of good laboratory practices and application of the practices in their laboratories. RESULTS: Participant satisfaction levels in areas ranging from quality of the video transmission to meeting the course objectives were favorable. Participants demonstrated a significant gain in scores on a test given before and after the course. Problem solving exercises posed during the telecast demonstrated that the participants were actively involved and had completed the self-study material. A sample of participants surveyed several months after the course indicated that many had applied the course material in their workplaces. CONCLUSIONS: Distance-based education using a combination of interactive videoconferencing and self-study material can be a useful tool to enhance cognitive skills for a geographically diverse group of individuals. If carefully planned in advance, evaluation of distance-based educational programs can provide information that verifies the effectiveness of the program.

Education, Medical, Continuing↗