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Biomedical subjects

S Hobo

Publications and source records attributed to S Hobo.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of orientation, intermittent rest and vehicle cleaning during transport on development of transport-related respiratory disease in horses.

The effects of various factors on the inflammatory and stress response in horses during transportation were examined in Experiments 1 and 2, carried out in April and August, respectively. In Experiment 1, three groups (G1-G3) of four Thoroughbreds were used, and in Experiment 2, two groups (G4, G5). G1 animals were loaded into lorries with their heads facing forwards (FF) and given periods of short rest (SR) (30 min for every 4 h driven). G2 horses were loaded facing rearwards (FR) and given SR. G3 horses were FF and given periods of long rest (LR) (2 h rest for every 4 h driven). G4 horses were transported FF with hay suspended in front of them and no cleaning of faeces or urine during rest stops. G5 horses were FF and given pellets instead of hay, and the lorry was cleaned and washed at each rest stop. G4 and G5 horses were rested for 1 h after every 5 h of driving. All groups were driven a distance of 1500 km, and the total journey time was 37 h for G1 and G2, 49 h for G3, and 40 h for G4 and G5. In Experiment 1, indicators of inflammatory and stress responses tended to be highest in G1, intermediate in G2 and lowest in G3. In Experiment 2 they tended to be higher in G4 than in G5. The results suggested that increasing the rest time and cleaning the interior of the vehicle during rest stops reduced transportation stress and respiratory insults, factors that may lead to respiratory disease.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of sevoflurane anesthesia in horses.

The effects of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane on hemodynamic, pulmonary and blood chemistry variables were measured during spontaneous and controlled ventilation in healthy horses. Sevoflurane was the only anesthetic drug administered to the horses. In a dose-dependent manner, sevoflurane significantly decreased (P < .05) mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and stroke volume. There was a progressive decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and an increase in heart rate as the concentration of sevoflurane was increased, but the differences were not significant. During spontaneous ventilation there was a dose-dependent decrease in respiratory rate that caused a decrease in the minute volume. As the dose of sevoflurane increased, the arterial carbon dioxide tension also increased (P < .05). All blood chemistries remained within normal limits. Recovery from anesthesia was without incident. In conclusion, sevoflurane induces a dose-dependent decrease in hemodynamic variables and pulmonary function in horses that is not greatly different from that of other approved inhalant anesthetics.

Anesthetics, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of canine guidance on the working condylar path.

The purposes of the study were to compare the relationship of anterior guidance with condylar movement and to analyze the three-dimensional relationship of canine guidance and the working condylar path. The mandibular movements of ten subjects with normal dentitions and no observable temporomandibular joint abnormalities were recorded using an electronic mandibular measuring system capable of measuring six degrees of freedom. Measurements were made employing both canine and clutch guidance. The data were collated and evaluated making use of mathematical modeling techniques. It was shown that the movements of the working condyle were affected by anterior guidance. When canine guidance is not consistent with the working condylar path, there is a sagittal displacement of the working path created to compensate for the lack in harmony.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The derivation of kinematic formulae for mandibular movement.

The theoretic basis for developing mathematical formulae that describe the motion of the mandible in relation to the maxillae is presented. The authors present kinematic formulae that compute the three-dimensional displacement of any point on the mandible with an error of less than 0.04 mm and determine the inclinations and azimuth of the orbit of the incisal point with an error of 0.8 degrees. The formulae have been used to develop an electronic pantography system.

Humans↗