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S Hitomi

Publications and source records attributed to S Hitomi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Mediastinal thoracic duct cyst.

A healthy 34-year-old man had a mediastinal cyst on the imaging study. Surgical treatment was performed. The cyst was diagnosed as a thoracic duct cyst from its anatomic location and contents. Pathologic examination found it to be consistent with thoracic duct cyst. Endothelial cells on its luminal surface were identified by an immunohistologic stain with the factor VIII-related antigen. Twenty-six cases of thoracic duct cysts have been reported. We report an additional case and review the previously reported cases. We found that the ligation of the inferior pedicle of the cyst is essential to prevent postoperative chylothorax.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

A case of endobronchial endometriosis treated by subsegmentectomy.

We present a case of endobronchial endometriosis with catamenial hemoptysis. The lesion was diagnosed as endobronchial endometriosis using helical CT, and the patient underwent a subsegmentectomy of the upper part of the lateral basal segment. A histopathologic examination of the resected specimen revealed findings typical of endobronchial endometriosis with intimal hyperplasia within the bronchus. Since the operation, the patient has been asymptomatic for 11 months with no recurrence of hemoptysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Tracheobronchial stents for management of airway stenosis].

Airway prostheses provide an excellent method for providing relief for patients with malignant or benign stenoses. Two types of prostheses are currently available: rigid silicone stents and metallic expandable stents. Silicone stents have been proven to be well tolerated, nonreactive, and easily removable during several decades of clinical application. However, they impair the drainage of sputum because of interrupted ciliary movement. Subsequently, retained secretions within the stent lumen can be obstructive. In addition, dislodgment frequently occurs because of their rigidity. The advantages of metallic expandable stents are as follows: 1) they can be inserted under local anesthesia with relative simplicity: 2) they do not impair the drainage of sputum: 3) ventilation is usually possible even if the metallic mesh stent covers another bronchus: and 4) their flexibility allows them to bend and conform better than rigid stents to tortuous airway stenoses. The disadvantages of metallic stents are: 1) tumor or granulation ingrowth can occur because of their porosity: 2) removal is difficult: and 3) there is limited experience with their use because they have only recently been employed for airway stenoses.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1998

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 17q and 14q in human lung cancers.

Our recent linkage study of urethane-induced pulmonary adenomas in SMXA RI strains of mouse revealed two host resistance genes, Par1 (chromosome 11) and Par3 (chromosome 12). The map positions of Par1 and Par3 correspond to human 17q11-23 and 14q11-24, based on synteny between mouse and human. In this study, we examined the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in these two homologous human chromosomal regions in 30 primary lung adenocarcinoma samples with matched normal DNA. Using 15 highly polymorphic markers, two commonly deleted regions were identified on human chromosomes 14 and 17, respectively. At 17q21, nine (53%) of 17 informative tumors showed LOH between D17S588 and D17S518. On the other hand, at 14q11-12, seven (32%) of 22 informative tumors showed LOH at loci between D14S261 and D14S80. Subsequently, we examined 25 squamous cell carcinomas (SQ) and 24 small cell carcinomas (SCC). At 14q11-12, six (38%) of 16 informative SQ and five (42%) of 12 informative SCC showed LOH. In contrast, at 17q11-23, one (7%) of 15 informative SQ and two (14%) of 14 SCC showed LOH. Therefore, the gene on 17q seemed to affect selectively adenocarcinomas, whereas the other gene on 14q, all three types of lung carcinomas. These observations indicate that a comparative genetic analysis provides a promising approach to survey genes involved in multifactorial process of human lung carcinogenesis.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1998

Expression of CD44 variant exon 6 in stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma as a prognostic factor.

Specific CD44 isoforms are the surface adhesion molecules that have been shown to be associated with metastasis. In the present study, the role of the expression of standard and variant CD44 isoform (CD44s and CD44v6) as prognostic indicators in pathological stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma was investigated immunohistologically using monoclonal antibodies. The results showed that the expression of CD44v6 correlates with adverse prognosis in stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma but not CD44s. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with CD44v6-positive tumors was 50%, which was significantly lower than that of CD44v6-negative patients (88%; P = 0.001). The incidence of recurrent distant metastasis in the CD44v6-positive patients (45%; 9 of 20 patients) was significantly higher than that in the CD44v6-negative patients (20%; 10 of 49 patients; P = 0.038), suggesting the involvement of CD44v6 in hematogeneous metastasis of lung carcinoma. Although the incidence of the expression of CD44v6 in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma, histological type was not a significant prognostic factor. No significant correlation was found between the expression of CD44v6 and lymphatic or vascular vessel invasion, although lymphatic vessel invasion was found to be an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis. To investigate the relationship between the expression of CD44v6 and proliferative activity of tumor cells, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was examined. The expression of CD44v6 was more frequently observed in PCNA-positive patients than in PCNA-negative patients (P = 0.019), but the expression of PCNA was not a statistically significant prognostic indicator. The results of multivariate analysis by the Cox proportional hazards model showed that CD44v6 was an independent prognostic indicator. We concluded that the expression of CD44v6 is a useful prognostic factor in stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1998

Lewis Y antigen expression and postoperative survival in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: In contrast to other Lewis blood group-related antigens, Lewis Y antigen (LeY) has not been fully investigated in non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: To assess the significance of LeY expression, 236 patients with completely resected pathologic stage 1-3a were reviewed with immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: LeY expression was positive in 179 patients (75.8%). In poorly differentiated cancer, percentage of LeY-positive patients was lower than in moderately to well-differentiated cancer (67.2% versus 81.2%, p = 0.028). Five-year survival rate of LeY-positive patients was 78.2%, significantly higher than that of LeY-negative patients (59.7%, p = 0.001). Combined with p53 status, differences in survival proved to be marked; 5-year survival rate of patients with positive LeY expression and without aberrant p53 expression, was as high as 83.3%, whereas that of patients with negative LeY expression and with aberrant p53 expression was only 38.4% (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that LeY expression was a significant independent factor to predict better survival. CONCLUSIONS: LeY expression is a significant prognostic factor related to grade of cancer differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Advantage of post-operative oral administration of UFT (tegafur and uracil) for completely resected p-stage I-IIIa non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

OBJECTIVE: Although adjuvant therapy after surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been reported to be ineffective, it has been recently reported in prospective randomised studies conducted by two different groups in Japan that oral administration of a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) derivative drug, UFT (a combination drug of tegafur and uracil) can improve the post-operative survival [The Study Group of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Lung Cancer (Chubu, Japan). A randomized trial of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (the second cooperative study). Eu J Surg Oncol 1995;21:69-77; Wada, H., Hitomi, S., Teramatsu, T, West Japan Study Group for Lung Cancer Surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy after complete resection in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:1048-1054]. To examine the efficacy of UFT as post-operative adjuvant therapy, a retrospective study was performed. METHODS: A total of 655 consecutive patients who underwent complete tumor resection for pathologic stage I-IIIa, NSCLC at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chest Disease Research Institute, Kyoto University between 1976 and 1992 were retrospectively reviewed. As post-operative adjuvant therapy, UFT was administrated to 98 patients (UFT group), and was not administered to the other 557 patients (Control group). RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate of the UFT group was 76.5%, which was significantly better than that of the Control group (5-year survival rate: 58.6%, P = 0.005). Stratified with pathologic stage, the efficacy of UFT was seen in the p-stage I disease (5-year survival rate: 88.6% for the UFT group, 72.0% for the Control group, P = 0.013) and in the p-stage IIIa, pN2 disease (5-year survival rate: 54.3% for the UFT group, 37.5% for the Control group, P = 0.037). Multivariate analysis of the prognostic factors also revealed the efficacy of UFT (P = 0.004, 95% confidence interval of relative risk: 0.325-0.840). Post-operative intravenous chemotherapy or radiation therapy did not prove to be significant factors affecting the prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy of oral administration of UFT as post-operative adjuvant therapy for completely resected NSCLC was proposed. To confirm the efficacy, a prospective randomized study for a more homogenous patient group is needed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

Antimicrobial effects of electrolytic products of sodium chloride--comparative evaluation with sodium hypochlorite solution and efficacy in handwashing.

We examined the in vitro bactericidal effects and efficacy on handwashing of water containing electrolytic products of sodium chloride (electrolytic water). The electrolytic water, whose pH and concentration of free residual chlorine were 6.7-6.9 and 20-22 ppm, respectively, showed equal reduction of both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli to dilution of commercially available sodium hypochlorite containing 60 ppm of free residual chlorine. This bactericidal effect was calculated to be due to hypochlorous acid, based on the pH and the amount of chlorine in solution. Handwashing with the electrolytic water reduced the numbers of S. aureus on hands by 1/10(2), while running water and 0.2% benzalkonium chloride with 80% ethanol gave a 1/10 and 1/10(5) reduction, respectively. We conclude that electrolytic water might be applicable for handwashing in place of running water.

Chlorine↗
PubMed1998

Long-term remission after brachytherapy with external irradiation for locally advanced lung cancer.

Three cases are reported who received brachytherapy with external irradiation for inoperable lung cancer and have shown long-term remission. The diseases were adenoid cystic carcinoma, recurrent adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The associated symptoms were severe cough and dyspnea in all 3 cases. They received 60 Gy of external irradiation. After an interval of 2 weeks, 6 Gy at a radius of 1 cm from the center of the source was delivered by iridium-192. They received 2-4 fractions at 1-week intervals. On termination of brachytherapy, complete response was observed in all cases. In 1 case, bronchial stenosis due to radiation-induced fibrosis was observed, but was successfully treated by bronchial stent. Cough and dyspnea disappeared, and all patients have been rendered asymptomatic for the last 2 years. Local disease was well controlled in 2 cases; however, minimal local recurrence was observed after a 2-year follow-up in 1 case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Importance of intrapulmonary lymph nodes in the differential diagnosis of small pulmonary nodular shadows.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the importance of intrapulmonary lymph nodes (IPLNs) in the differential diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules and to review the CT findings of IPLNs. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of patient records. SETTING: Chest Disease Research Institute Hospital, Kyoto University. PATIENTS: Between January 1991 and May 1996, we examined 26 patients with pulmonary nodular shadows smaller than 1 cm in diameter that could not be diagnosed before surgery. All patients (19 men, 7 women) underwent chest CT (28 to 72 years old; mean, 52.3 years). RESULTS: The pathologic diagnoses were IPLNs in 46.2% (12/26), pulmonary hamartoma in 23.1% (6/26), lung cancer in 11.5% (3/26), pulmonary tuberculoma in 11.5% (3/26), and metastatic lung tumor in 7.7% (2/26). IPLNs were located in the lower lobe in 72%. The characteristic CT findings of IPLNs were a clear border and location close to the pleura. Two of them resembled lung cancer. The CT features in these two IPLNs and in three small lung cancers overlapped. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we investigated small nodular shadows <1 cm in diameter and found that IPLNs located underneath the pleura are important to consider in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer. The CT scan findings of IPLNs were not necessarily specific and sometimes resembled those of lung cancer. Because of their location, video-assisted thoracic surgery is useful in making a definite diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A resected case of Mycobacterium szulgai pulmonary disease.

We present the first reported case of Mycobacterium szulgai pulmonary disease that needed surgical resection due to unsuccessful antimycobacterial chemotherapy. The patient was a non-immunocompromised 48-year-old male who presented with hemoptysis and whose sputum cultures repeatedly yielded M. szulgai. Antimycobacterial chemotherapy with isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RMP)/ethambutol (EMB) for three years had been unsuccessful, and subsequent chemotherapy with RMP, EMB, ethionamide and kanamycin had to be discontinued due to liver dysfunction. Surgical resection was finally performed, and resulted in a favorable outcome. Although M. szulgai pulmonary disease is usually well controlled by antimycobacterial chemotherapy alone, surgical treatment may be necessary in some cases.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1998

Proliferative activity and micronucleus frequency after radiation of lung cancer cells as assessed by the cytokinesis-block method and their relationship to clinical outcome.

We previously proposed a new assay using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) technique to estimate the fraction of cells undergoing mitosis in vitro [dividing fraction (DF)], potential doubling time (Tpot), and radiosensitivity (in terms of MN frequency) of human tumors. In the present study, we applied this technique to primary lung cancers to evaluate their biological characteristics, and the assay results for the proliferative activity were compared with the treatment outcome. Tumor tissues were disaggregated to single cells, which were cultured in the presence of cytochalasin B after (or without) radiation. At intervals, the proportion of multinucleate cells (its maximum value is the DF), the average number of nuclei/cell, and MNs in binucleate cells were scored. The Tpot was the extrapolated time for the nuclei:cell ratio to reach 2.0. Of the 71 tumor samples obtained, the DF and Tpot were evaluable in 61 (86%), and the MN frequency was evaluable in 52 (73%). The median DF and Tpot values were 23% and 7.7 days, respectively, for adenocarcinoma (n = 41), 26% and 8.9 days for squamous cell carcinoma (n = 13), 27% and 6.5 days for large cell carcinoma (n = 3), and 30% and 7.0 days for small cell carcinoma (n = 4). There was no significant difference in the mean DF or Tpot values according to the histological type or disease stage. The mean MN frequency after 2 Gy of radiation (minus the 0 Gy frequency) was 0.15 for adenocarcinoma, 0.17 for squamous cell carcinoma, 0.16 for large cell carcinoma, and 0.20 for small cell carcinoma. The MN frequency after radiation was positively correlated with both the DF and the baseline (at 0 Gy) MN frequency. In non-small cell lung cancer, a DF above the median was associated with an increased recurrence rate after operation, and the Tpot was correlated with the time until relapse in patients who developed recurrence. Although the clinical significance of the MN frequency needs to be clarified in future studies, the DF and Tpot determined by this assay appear to be good parameters of tumor proliferative activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Design and application of oral sustained-release anticancer drug--a new oral dosage form of cisplatin].

As compared to the conventional standard chemotherapy of solid cancer such as lung, biochemical modulation (BCM) therapy has been proven to have a good therapeutic efficiency. BCM therapy uses the low dose and low infusion rate of anti-cancer drug. To increase of the QOL of cancer patients, oral BCM therapy is needed. For this purpose, two kinds of new oral sustained-release cisplatin preparations were developed, micro-porous CDDP capsule made of ethylcellulose(EC) and CDDP-EC-stearic acid solid dispersion. After oral administrations of these preparations, serum CDDP levels were maintained over 0.2 microgram/ml for 24h. Experimental therapy using P815 tumor cells transplanted mice suggested the usefulness of CDDP solid dispersion preparation.

Administration, Oral↗