Biomedical subjects

S Hitomi

Publications and source records attributed to S Hitomi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

[Histological observations of immunosuppressive effects of FK-506 in canine lung allotransplantation].

The Immunosuppressive effects of FK-506 were studied histologically in allotransplanted canine lungs. FK-506 was administered daily in a dose of 0.15 mg/kg after left lung allotransplantation. Nine dogs underwent open lung biopsy on the 7th postoperative day (p.o.d.). Mild mononuclear cell infiltrations around small vessels (MNC cuffings), which suggested an early phase of rejection, were observed in 2 dogs. Two dogs were sacrificed on the 14th and 2 on the 21st p.o.d. MNC cuffings were observed in the lung of one dog and in the bronchial submucosa of 2 dogs. Six dogs were sacrificed on the 28th p.o.d. MNC cuffings were observed in the lungs of 3 dogs and in the bronchial submucosa of 5 dogs. The MNC cuffings were of nearly the same extent in the lung and in the bronchial submucosa of most of the dogs. Alveolar structures were well in all the dogs and the bronchial epithelium in all except 2 of the dogs sacrificed on the 28th p.o.d. preserved. Arterial blood gas was examined before and 20 min. after right hilar ligation in 3 dogs on the 28th p.o.d. The PaO2 (228 mmHg, 312 mmHg, 217 mmHg at FiO2: 0.5, tidal volume: 20 ml/kg, respiratory rate: 20/min) and PaCO2 after rt, hilar ligation indicated that the transplanted lung was functioning well in these dogs. The present study suggests that FK-506 could be a potent immunosuppressive agent in lung transplantation. As 4 of the 14 dogs used in this experiment died from severe diarrhea caused by FK-506, further studies are needed to determine the suitable dose and route of administration of FK-506.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Inhibitory effect of amlexanox (AA-673) on the immunological and non-immunological release of histamine or leukotrienes].

The effect of amlexanox on the non-immunological or immunological release of histamine or leukotrienes (LTs) from passively sensitized human lung fragments and atopic human leukocytes was investigated and compared with those of AA-861, tranilast, azelastine and disodium cromoglycate. 1) Amlexanox at concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-4) M showed an inhibition of histamine, LTB4, LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4 release from passively sensitized human lung fragments in a concentration-dependent fashion. A selective and competitive inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase activity, AA-861 modestly affected the histamine release and potently suppressed the any LT release at 10(-7) and 10(-6) M. Antiallergic drugs, tranilast and disodium cromoglycate also suppressed these chemical mediator release, but the inhibition potency was somewhat weaker than that of amlexanox. 2) Ca ionophore A23187-induced release of LTB4 and LTC4 from atopic human leukocytes was slightly enhanced up to 10(-6) M of amlexanox. However, 10(-4) M of the drug strongly diminished both of LT release. From these results, it is suggested that amlexanox is a clinically effective drug for atopic diseases, especially allergic asthma and rhinitis.

Aminopyridines↗

PubMed1989

[A case of multiple sclerosing hemangiomas of the lung and a review of the literature in Japan].

A 39-year-old woman complained of an oppressive feeling in her chest and abnormal shadows were detected in the left lower lobe. On a preoperative diagnosis of primary or metastatic lung cancer, left lower lobectomy was performed. There were 3 nodular tumors in the left S6, S10 but no metastasis to regional lymph nodes was found. Histological examination confirmed "so-called" sclerosing hemangioma. She has remained well for 4 years after surgery. A review of the literatures on sclerosing hemangioma in Japan showed that 12 (5%) of 225 cases of sclerosing hemangiomas had multiple tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[A clinical study of six surgically treated patients with malignant tumors arising from chronic pleuritis and pyothorax].

During the clinical course of chronic pleuritis and pyothorax, we frequently have found abnormal clinical signs such as increased abnormal chest shadows, subjective symptoms, such as chest pain and bloody sputum, and the appearance of atypical cells in the pleural effusion. It is very difficult and important to diagnose differentially worsening of chronic inflammation and occurrence of malignant tumors. We have surgically treated six patients with malignant tumors arising from chronic pleuritis and pyothorax, who had the above abnormal signs. All of them were made, and their average age was fifty three years. Two patients exhibited increased abnormal chest shadows, 5 had subjective symptoms (5 with chest pain, 2 with bloody sputum and 2 with fever), and 1 had atypical cells in the pleural effusion. Two patients had suffered from chronic pleuritis, who both had received artificial pneumothorax therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis, and the other 4 patients had suffered from chronic pyothorax, with mean duration of thirty years. The pathological diagnoses were 2 cases each of malignant pleural mesothelioma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The two patients with squamous cell carcinoma had pleurocutaneous and bronchopleural fistula. The operative methods were tumor resections with pleuropneumonectomy performed in 2 patients and pneumonectomy in 1. Absolute non-curative operation was performed in 1 patient, and postoperative radiotherapy in 3 patients. All patients died of tumor recurrence, although five of them underwent reoperation, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Their duration of survival ranged from 3 to 15 months with a mean of 9 months after appearance of malignant tumor signs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of small cell lung cancer].

Thirty-four small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients underwent surgery in Kyoto University from 1976 to 1989. The mean age was 62 years males numbered 25 cases, and females 9. All cases were LD except 2 rib-metastasized patients. Seventeen patients were in PS 0, and 17 in PS 1. Twenty-eight patients were treated with chemotherapy. In the remaining 5 patients 2 were treated by only oral 5-FU derivatives, one died upon operation, one was unable to be treated because of advanced age, and the last one refused chemotherapy. Except for the one operational death, 33 cases were able to be evaluated. Out of 28 patients, 16 were treated only by post-operative chemotherapy. As for operational radicality, 21 out of 31 cases were operated radically (68%). The survival rate of these 33 patients reached 78% for 1 year, 37% for and 5 years, with MSI at 26 months. The neoadjuvant (+) group showed a better prognosis than the non-non-neoadjuvant group.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Nd-YAG laser therapy in the field of pulmonary surgery].

Since 1980, we have treated 71 patients with malignant tumors and benign lesions by the Nd-YAG laser. The flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope with the local anesthesia was used for the treatments. Fifty-four cases were malignant tumors and 17 were benign lesions involving trachea and/or hilar bronchus. In malignant tumors, 41 cases were lung cancers, 24 of which were squamous cell carcinomas. Of 17 cases of benign lesions, 10 (58.5%) were introgenic stenoses. Palliative treatments were done for 36 cases of lung cancers, of which 23 died within 1 year after treatments. Four of 5 cases, which survived beyond 2 years, were adenoid cystic carcinomas. In 17 benign cases, 13 (76.5%) showed distinct improvements of symptoms and findings after treatments. Three patients died of massive bleedings. In these cases, severe stenoses were observed, which required treatments repeatedly. With the proper knowledge of the indications, limitations and complications, of YAG laser therapy it can be a beneficial mean for the management of benign lesions and malignant tumors in trachea and hilar bronchus.

Female↗

PubMed1989

[Right ventricle support after lung resection].

It is very important to establish a method of determining the influence of lung resection on right ventricular function and to devise some therapeutic methods of supporting the right ventricle. However, there has been no systematic research on these issues. We found that echocardiographic demonstrated abnormal motion of the ventricular septum after right pneumonectomy and of the left ventricular wall after left pneumonectomy. We developed a triggered cuirass respirator and showed that it could support the right heart after a lung resection. We also found that the injection of SF6 Gas into the postpneumonectomy pleural space might be useful in supporting the right heart after a pneumonectomy.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Technical problems on right lung transplantation].

This report describes the technique of the allo-transplantation of the right lung of an adult mongrel dog. Compare to the transplantation of the left lung, we found several pitfalls in the right lung transplantation. 1) The intraatrial groove of the recipient must be divided carefully just at the middle of the right and the left atrium in order to make a generous cuff for the left atrial anastomosis. 2) It is preferable to divide azygos vein to perform easy anastomosis of right pulmonary artery and right bronchus. 3) Care must be taken to make left atrial cuff in donor lung since we did not divide intraatrial groove in the donor animal. It was necessary to make the left atrial cuff with a part of the right atrium attached.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗

PubMed1989

[A case of mediastinal undifferentiated carcinoma].

A 33-year-old man showing the right anterior mediastinal mass on his chest x-ray film admitted to our hospital. At thoracotomy extirpation of the cystic tumor was performed. The tumor was 7 x 7 x 5 cm in size and contained coffee-coloured fluid. Histological examination confirmed undifferentiated carcinoma. Postoperatively he was treated with 60Co 50 Gy and chemotherapy. He has been well 4 years after operation.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Adjuvant surgery for lung cancer].

Recently several trials of adjuvant surgery or so-called neo-adjuvant chemotherapy have been reported about lung cancer. The indication of this therapy contains not only small cell lung cancers but also non-small cell lung cancers in most recent report. However, the therapeutic outcome is not satisfactory especially in N2 cases, better local control and, even a few, long time survivors were reported with this therapy. In our own experience of 10 cases since 1981, same tendency was recognized. So several type of controlled studies are necessary for the evaluation of adjuvant surgery to lung cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed1988

Generation of two murine monoclonal antibodies that can discriminate N-glycolyl and N-acetyl neuraminic acid residues of GM2 gangliosides.

Since the preliminary analyses of the glycolipids of small cell carcinomas of the lung showed an increase of GM2 ganglioside, we generated new murine monoclonal antibodies directed to GM2 to identify the molecular species of the glycolipid. The monoclonal antibodies MK2-34 and MK1-16 (both IgM), which specifically detect N-glycolyl GM2 and N-acetyl GM2, respectively, were generated by immunizing mice with liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A, trehalose dimycolate, and the antigenic ganglioside. Among the glycolipid preparations extracted from the cancer tissues of 39 patients with lung cancer, a significant amount of N-acetyl GM2 was detected with MK1-16 antibody in 70% of the squamous cell carcinoma cases, 50% of the lung adenocarcinoma cases, 33% of the large cell carcinoma cases, and 100% of the cases of small cell carcinoma of the lung. On the other hand, N-glycolyl GM2 which was defined by the monoclonal MK2-34 was not found in any of the glycolipid fractions prepared from the lung cancer tissues examined in this study. Immunohistochemical studies of the lung cancer tissues with the MK1-16 antibody showed that the N-acetyl GM2 was present not only in small cell carcinoma tissues as one of the antigens related to tumors of neuroectodermal origin, but also in the squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung with a comparable frequency. The appearance of the N-acetyl GM2 antigen correlated well with the degree of differentiation of the cancer cells in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Animals↗

PubMed1988