Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Hisamichi

Publications and source records attributed to S Hisamichi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Female systemic lupus erythematosus in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan: a case-control study of dietary and reproductive factors.

To investigate risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in relation to diet and reproduction, a population-based case-control study was conducted during the period from October 1988 to October 1989 in Miyagi Prefecture in northeastern Japan. Included in the study were 52 female patients with the recent SLE onset. Two sex- and birth year-matched (+/- 2 years) controls for each patient were selected from the general population. The analysis on diet showed that the frequent intake of meat was associated with an increased risk (frequent vs. rare, relative risk (RR) 3.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-10.24) and that the patients preferred fatty meat such as beef or pork. The analysis on menstrual history revealed that menstrual irregularity was also associated with an increased risk (RR 3.79; 95% CI 1.43-10.01). These results suggest that dietary and reproductive factors may be responsible for the onset and the progression of SLE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Health practices and mortality in a rural Japanese population.

Association of personal health practices with mortality from all causes was studied. In 1988, 4,318 residents aged 40 years and over in a rural town of Miyagi Prefecture, north-eastern part of Japan, completed a self-administered questionnaire including items on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, sleeping patterns, and weight status. During the four year follow-up, 207 subjects had died. Relative risks (95 percent confidence intervals) of death from all causes adjusted for age, sex, and other confounding variables were 0.62 (0.39-0.98) for never smoking, 0.51 (0.34-0.78) for no or moderate alcohol consumption, 0.66 (0.42-1.04) for exercising physical activity, 0.78 (0.56-1.10) for 7-8 hours of sleep, and 0.75 (0.52-1.07) for not being underweight. Compared with performing only 0-1 of the five low-risk practices concerning the items mentioned above, relative risks (95 percent confidence intervals) of all-cause mortality for performing 3, or all 5 practices were, 0.49 (0.30-0.80) and 0.14 (0.03-0.61), respectively (trend p = 0.0001). The results remained unchanged even after excluding early death occurring within the first year of the follow-up, or excluding the subjects with past history of diseases. Further research is required to explore the combined effects of the practices on mortality for longer observational period.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Epidemiological characteristics of cancer in Asia].

Most nations in Asia are developing countries. Recently, in developed and developing countries cancer has become an important public health problem. This paper reviews the characteristics of cancer epidemiology in Asia and describes the cancer mortality, cancer incidence, migrant studies and current status of secondary prevention for cancer in several Asian countries. Unfortunately, mortality statistics and data on cancer incidence are frequently not available or not very accurate in most developing countries. Greater cooperation is hoped for between Japan and other Asian countries in order to obtain more exact information on cancer statistics and to draw up an accurate cancer map.

Asia↗
PubMed1993

[Health belief model and attendance at screenings for gastric cancer in a population in Miyagi, Japan].

The relationship between frequency of attendance at the screening programs for gastric cancer and Health Belief Model (HBM) variables was studied in a convenient sample (n = 337) of residents in a town of Miyagi prefecture, Japan. Frequency of attendance at the screening within the past five years was determined from records of the Miyagi Cancer Society, which provided an annual screening program for gastric cancer for study subjects. Using a self-administered questionnaire with 12 questions, with responses measured on a 5-point Likert scale, the five variables of HBM (health motivation, perceived susceptibility and seriousness of gastric cancer, perceived benefit and barriers to participating in the screening) were constructed. Health motivation (r = 0.14, p < 0.01), susceptibility (r = 0.16, p < 0.01), and benefit (r = 0.20, p < 0.001) correlated positively with frequency of attendance at the screening, whereas seriousness (r = -0.20, p < 0.001) and barriers (r = -0.40, p < 0.001) correlated negatively. Multiple regression analysis, which included five variables of HBM, three modifying variables (sex, age, family history of gastric cancer), and four personality scales measured by the short-scale Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, demonstrated that barriers to participating in the screening (beta = 0.35, p < 0.001) and family history of gastric cancer (beta = 0.17, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with frequency (R = 0.4994, F = 6.203, p < 0.001). Path analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between frequency, HBM, personality, and other modifying variables.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of characteristics between frequent participants and non-participants in screening program for stomach cancer.

To clarify the differences in characteristics between participants and non-participants in the screening program for stomach cancer, life-style and medical histories were compared among 20, 169 subjects who lived in an urban area (Sendai) and a rural area (Wakuya and Tajiri) in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. All subjects were classified into three groups according to the frequency of participation in the screening program during the last 5 years; i.e., frequent participating group (FPG) for 4 or 5 times, reference group (RG) for 1-3 times and non-participating group (NPG) for 0 times. Subjects in the FPG consumed more milk and green-yellow vegetable whereas those in the NPG consumed less these foods. The age-adjusted proportions of present smokers were higher in the NPG but lower in the FPG significantly. The proportions of subjects who had parental histories of all cancers and stomach cancer and past history of gastro-duodenal ulcer were higher in the FPG and lower in the NPG. To control influences among the variables a stepwise multiple regression analysis was done, and it revealed that smoking and parental history of cancers were strong predictors to explain the frequency of participation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mortality among female practitioners of Chanoyu (Japanese "tea-ceremony").

A cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of drinking green tea on longevity was performed. Three thousand three hundred and eighty female practitioners of chanoyu (Japanese tea-ceremony), living in Tokyo, were followed from 1980 to 1988, and 280 were dead during this period. Standardized mortality ratios were estimated 0.55 when all Japanese women was used as standard population and 0.57 when women living in Tokyo was used, indicating the possibility that green tea is a protective factor for several fatal diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Risk of leukemia among participants of gastric mass screening survey in Japan: a population-based, case-control study.

To assess the risks of leukemia for individuals participating in a gastric mass screening program using barium photofluorographic examination in Japan, a population-based, case-control study was carried out. The histories of participation in the last 10 years of 79 leukemia cases diagnosed between 1978 and 1985 and twofold controls matched for sex, age (+/- 5 years), and residence were investigated using the records of the gastric mass screening program. The odds ratio of any type of leukemia for those participating at least once in the last 10 years was 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 0.61-1.96) and that of myeloid type was 0.88 (95% confidence interval, 0.38-2.27). Even when the histories of the preceding 5 years were ignored, no significant excess risks were found among patients with any type and myeloid type of leukemia. These results suggest that there is insufficient evidence to support the positive association between the incidence of leukemia and participation in gastric mass screening. The limitations and implications of this analysis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Frequency of Helicobacter pylori in chronic gastritis with endoscopically defined erosion].

The frequency of Helicobacter pylori was histopathologically evaluated in biopsy specimens of the gastric mucosa from 112 patients which endoscopically diagnosed as erosion. The specimens, histopathologically diagnosed as chronic gastritis, were divided into eight groups according to age, sex and location. The Helicobacter pylori infection was revealed in 65% of all specimens observed, and the frequency in patients of their sixties was lower than that of the forties. The frequency in the elder was the lowest in the transitional zone of the gastric mucosa. These findings indicate that the decrease in the frequency of Helicobacter pylori begins in the transitional zone and subsequently in the antrum.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Different rates of acceptance of health examination among the people under 2 separate health insurance programs in Japan.

The entire population in Japan is covered by either workplace-based health insurance program or region-based health insurance program. While both programs were originally for curative medical care, only the former program has recently extended its financial support to preventive health examination. The attitude of the people toward health examination was studied in Miyagi prefecture in north-east Japan by questionnaires with more than 32,000 respondents to examine whether the difference in health insurance reflect on the rates of acceptance of 4 health examination items (i.e., blood pressure measurement, chest x-ray taking, and 2 screening tests for stomach and cervical cancer). Throughout the 4 items, the rate of acceptance was higher among those who were covered by workplace-based health insurance than among those covered by regional health insurance. The difference is large for the insured and less so for the family dependents of the insured. Further analysis for the preferred opportunities for health examination such as personal examination at clinics in contrast to region-based mass examination showed that the weight of clinics was quite large for the insured of national health insurance and their family dependents (i.e., 50% or even larger) but it was less so for the people covered by workplace-based insurance.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1991

Cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for colorectal cancer in Japan.

To clarify the best cost-effective screening strategy for colorectal cancer in Japan, the cost-effectiveness ratio was compared among six currently performed procedures. The analysis was made using a simulation model to estimate long-term cost and effectiveness of the screening programs. In the screening by the immunological fecal occult blood test (FOBT), a comparison between the one- and two-day fecal collection methods indicated that the latter was more cost-effective than the former. A comparison was also made on the four workup methods: barium enema (BE) alone, a combination of BE and sigmoidoscopy (BE + SIG), total colonoscopy (TCF) alone, and a combination of BE and TCF (BE + TCF). The cost-effectiveness ratio was the lowest in the method using TCF alone, followed by those based on BE alone and BE + TCF, and the highest in the BE + SIG method. The superiority of TCF alone strategy was stable over a range of estimates such as the sensitivity of diagnostic tests, the probability of complications due to TCF, etc. It is concluded that a combination of the two-day FOBT and TCF yields the best cost-effectiveness.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1991

Cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for gastric cancer in Japan.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of gastric cancer screening in Japan was performed, and the cost-effectiveness ratio was compared with that of colorectal cancer screening. The analytical model was the same as that adopted in our previous study on colorectal cancer screening (Tsuji et al. 1991). The results indicated that the cost per case-fatality prevented by colorectal cancer screening was 5.5 and 2.7 times more expensive for males and females, respectively, than that by gastric cancer screening. The age of the population influenced the cost-effectiveness of screening programs. The cost-effectiveness ratio in gastric cancer screening became negative among males older than the age of 65 years, suggesting that the total cost for prevention and control of deaths by gastric cancer in these age populations is saved by the screening program.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of calcium on rat gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.

The effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the initiation of gastroduodenal carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was examined under the conditions with and without sodium chloride. Male Wistar rats were given drinking water containing MNNG (100 mg/liter) and one of the following diets during the first 20 weeks ad libitum. Group 1 was given basal diet; group 2, diet with 10% NaCl; group 3, diet with 10% NaCl and 2.5% CaCO3; group 4, diet with 10% NaCl and 7.5% CaCO3; group 5, diet with 7.5% CaCO3. During the next 20 weeks, all groups were fed with the basal diet and tap water. The carcinogenic incidences of glandular stomach between the nonsalted diet groups, 1 and 5 (15% and 16% respectively), were not significantly different at the 40th week. The incidences in the salted diet groups 2, 3, and 4 were 59, 63, and 43%, respectively, indicating no statistical difference among them. Thus, CaCO3 showed no anticarcinogenic effect on gastroduodenal carcinogenesis. In the groups 3 and 4, however, increased incidence of duodenal cancer was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Receiver operating characteristic analysis on fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and fructosamine on diabetes screening.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of HbA1c and fructosamine as alternatives to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) for diabetes screening. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted on the above tests. Comparison among tests was based on the area under ROC curve of a test. World Health Organization criteria for classifying glucose tolerance status of the subjects was used. The study consisted of subjects (n = 583) who visited the clinic from September to October 1989 and all diabetic cases (n = 36) from November 1989 to March 1990, after excluding those less than 40 yr of age or with hypoglycemic therapies (469 were normal, 88 with impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT], and 62 with diabetes). RESULTS: Area under ROC curve of HbA1c was not different from that of FPG. Area under curve of fructosamine was significantly smaller than that of FPG. For all tests, overall efficacy of a test to detect IGT and diabetes was considerably diminished compared with detection of diabetes alone. CONCLUSIONS: The discriminating ability of HbA1c is almost the same as that of FPG, therefore HbA1c is a good alternative to FPG. Fructosamine is not suitable for diabetes screening.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Mass screening for colorectal cancer in Japan.

A mass screening program for colorectal cancer has been conducted in Japan for several years, and the nationwide statistics showed a total of 416,382 participants in 1988. This paper describes the present status of mass screening program for colorectal cancer in Japan and related issues as follows: annual trend of the number of examinees, age distribution of examinees, screening methods, diagnostic methods, evaluation of screening accuracy for fecal occult blood tests, and screening interval.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anti-ulcer effects of Trichosanthes fruits.

Anti-ulcer activities of fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz var. japonica Kitamura (50% ethanolic extract, TKE) were investigated in rats. TKE, at doses of 100-1000 mg/kg, showed potent protection against experimental gastric lesions, namely, those induced by water-immersion, histamine, serotonin, HCl.ethanol, 0.6 N HCl, 0.2 N NaOH, 35% NaCl, and Shay' ulcer and acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer. At doses of 500-1000 mg/kg, TKE decreased the gastric secretion and acid output in pylorus-ligation (for 7 h), but 100 mg/kg of TKE had no influence on the gastric secretion. On the other hand, TKE exerted inhibition on the contractile responses of the isolated ileum of mouse to acetylcholine. These results suggested that TKE has an anti-ulcer effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Stomach cancer mortality and nutrition intake in northern Japan--especially on relation to sodium chloride].

There is a big difference on the stomach cancer (SC) mortality between the north-western and the north-eastern parts of Honshu (mainland of Japan) although not much differences on cerebrovascular disease (CVD) mortality can be observed between these two areas while both of these diseases are said to be related to high-salted diets. The relation between diet and age-adjusted mortality of SC and CVD in northern Honshu was examined here, based on the results of the nutrition survey carried out by prefecture office (1971-87, 6 prefectures, total of 18 data sets). The results are summarized as follows: 1. There are no significant differences on salt intake between the north-western and the north-eastern parts of Honshu. 2. Intake of milk and dairy products is negatively related to SC. 3. Intake of animal protein is negatively related to CVD.

Diet↗
PubMed1989

Possible contribution of green tea drinking habits to the prevention of stroke.

Among 5910 nondrinking and nonsmoking women (of greater than or equal to 40 years of age) in a prefectural city of Sendai, and two villages of Taijiri and Wakuya in Miyagi prefecture, Japan, medical history of stroke was less frequently observed among those who took more green tea in daily life. No relation with tea drinking was observed for hypertension history. The uneven distribution of stroke history was detectable even after the effects of age, location of residence, and high salt intake were ruled out. The incidence of stroke and cerebral hemorrhage during a 4-year follow-up of the study population was twice or more times higher in those who took less green tea (less than 5 cups a day) than in those who took more (greater than or equal to 5 cups daily).

Adult↗