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Biomedical subjects

S Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to S Hirose.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effects of polyamines on ethylmorphine N-demethylation in rat liver microsomes.

The time course linearity of ethylmorphine N-demethylation was improved by the addition of polyamines to the reaction mixture. The most remarkable effect on the time course linearity of ethylmorphine N-demethylation was observed when spermine was used. The apparent stimulatory effect of spermine was decreased remarkably by the simultaneous addition of EDTA to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Similar results were observed when an additional lipid peroxidation inhibitor such as Co2+, Mn2+ or 2,2'-bipyridine was used in place of EDTA. Hydrogen peroxide-dependent ethylmorphine N-demethylation activity in rat liver microsomes was not influenced by the addition of spermine. In addition, neither lipid peroxides formation nor the stimulatory effects of polyamines on ethylmorphine N-demethylation was observed in the reconstituted monooxygenase system. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of polyamines on lipid peroxidation might be responsible for the stimulatory effects on drug oxidations.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Polyclonal B cell activation and autoimmunity in New Zealand mice. I. Natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody (NTA).

The present genetic studies were designed to investigate a possible correlation of spontaneous polyclonal activation of B cells with the spontaneous production of natural thymocytotoxic autoantibody (NTA) in female (NZB X NZW)F1 X NZW backcross mice. We analyzed the spontaneous polyclonal activation of B cells by determining the serum level of naturally occurring anti-hapten (dinitrophenyl, DNP) IgM antibodies. Based on comparisons of the magnitude of the serum DNP binding activities among NZB, NZW, the F1, and the backcrosses to NZW mice, we found that the abnormal polyclonal activation of B cells depends largely on the contribution of NZB genomes. Similar observations were made on serum IgM levels in these mice, and there were made on serum IgM levels in these mice, and there was a highly significant correlation between these two measures in the backcross mice. Despite striking similarities in several observations between NTA and the anti-DNP antibodies, as well as the serum IgM level, there was no significant correlation between the spontaneous production of NTA and the abnormal levels of the anti-DNP antibodies and serum IgM in the backcross mice in both quantitative and qualitative analyses. We also found no significant association between these polyclonal activation of B cells and H-2 complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Defect in the split proteins of 30-S ribosomal subunits and under-methylation of 16-S ribosomal RNA in a polyamine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli grown in the absence of polyamines.

Polyphenylalanine synthesis was carried out with Escherichia coli Q13 50-S ribosomal subunits and reconstituted 30-S particles containing different combinations of 23-S core particles and 30-S subunit split proteins obtained from a polyamine-requiring mutant of E. coli during its growth in the presence or absence of putrescine. It was concluded that the defect in the amount of some kinds of 30-S subunit split proteins was responsible for the decrease of polypeptide synthesis in a polyamine-requiring mutant of E. coli grown in the absence of polyamines. The methylation of 16-S RNA during growth in the absence of putrescine was decreased, while the degree of methylation of 23-S RNA did not change significantly. The decrease in methylation of 16-S RNA in the absence of putrescine was due mainly to a decrease of methylation of adenine. The relationship between the decrease of polypeptide synthetic activity of 30-S ribosomal subunits obtained from a polyamine-requiring mutant of E. coli grown in the absence of polyamines and the decrease of methylation of 16-S RNA is discussed.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1979

A microsomal exoribonuclease from rat liver.

A exoribonuclease has been purified from the microsomes of rat liver. The enzyme had an apparent molecular weight of 80 000-83 000 and produced, via a processive mechanism, 5'-AMP as the only product from poly(A). The degradation was found to proceed in the 3' to 5' direction. The relative rates of breakdown of synthetic polynucleotides by the enzyme under standard conditions were in the order poly(A) equal to poly(U) greater than poly(C). In addition to Mg2+, K+ was required for maximum activity. The enzymic activity was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoate and poly(G), but not by a rate liver RNAase inhibitor. The effect of spermine on the breakdown of synthetic polynucleotides by the enzyme has been studied. In the absence of K+, the breakdown of poly(C) was stimulated and that of poly(A) was stimulated slightly. However, the breakdown of poly(U) was inhibited slightly by spermine.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Depression and homicide. A psychiatric and forensic study of four cases.

Four examples of homicide followed by attempted suicide are presented based on the psychiatric examinations prepared for the use of the courts. Three cases were suffering from unbearable states of endogenous depression and the fourth showed a serious chronic neurotic depression following an acute grief reaction before and during homicide. The relationship between depression and homicide is discussed from the standpoint of clinical psychopathology. Criminal responsibility of these cases is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Specific antibody to hog renal renin and its application to the direct radioimmunoassay of renin in various organs.

We produced anti-hog renin antibodies using as antigens pure hog renal renin that either had been insolubilized or conjugated to tetanus toxoid. High titer antibodies were obtained, which demonstrated different cross-reactivity with renins from other species. A direct radioimmunoassay for renin was developed using antibody, monoiodinated 125I-hog renin, and various methods for separating free and antibody-bound trace. This assay was capable of detecting 40 pg of hog renin and was applied to the determination of renin in hog blood and other organs. Based on the direct measurement of renin by this radioimmunoassay, the renin-like activity (i.e., the ability to generate angiotensin I from renin substrate preparations) of the pituitary gland was found to be due mostly to true renin, whereas the renin activity of other hog tissues, including the adrenal gland, liver, lung, spleen, and submaxillary gland, was not identified as renin and may have been due to cathepsins.

Adrenal Glands↗