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Biomedical subjects

S Hirayama

Publications and source records attributed to S Hirayama.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Proliferation and differentiation of myelodysplastic CD34+ cells: phenotypic subpopulations of marrow CD34+ cells.

In a search for a mechanism to explain the impaired growth of progenitor cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), marrow CD34+ cells were purified up to 94.9% +/- 4.2% for normal individuals and 88.1% +/- 17.6% for MDS patients, using monoclonal antibodies and immunomagnetic microspheres (MDS CD34+ cells). Phenotypic subpopulations of these CD34+ cells were analyzed for CD38, HLA-DR, CD33, CD13, CD14, CD41 and CD3 plus CD19, in association with proliferative and differentiative capacities. The 15 studies performed included 12 MDS patients. Coexpression rate of CD13 significantly increased in the MDS CD34+ cell population with a value of 91.4% +/- 11.6% and ranging from 60.3% to 100%, and exceeded 99% in four studies, whereas that of normal CD34+ cells was 49.9% +/- 15.8%, ranging from 28.2% to 70.1% (P < .001). Coexpression rate of CD38, HLA-DR, CD33, CD14, and CD3 plus CD19 in MDS CD34+ cells did not significantly differ from that of normal CD34+ cells. The total number of colonies and clusters grown from 100 normal marrow CD34+ cells was 40.4 +/- 8.6, the range being from 27.2 to 50.3; this varied in MDS marrow CD34+ cells with a value of 34.0 +/- 28.7, the range being 0 to 95.9. The lineage of colonies and clusters promoted by MDS marrow CD34+ cells was predominantly committed to nonerythroid with impaired differentiation in 13 of 15 studies (87%). CD13 is first expressed during hematopoiesis by colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage and is absent in erythroid progenitors. Therefore, this study provides direct evidence for the lineage commitment of MDS CD34+ cells to nonerythroid with impaired differentiation and explains the mechanism of nil or low colony expression of MDS progenitor cells to erythroid lineage.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Chemotactic heterogeneity of eosinophils in idiopathic pulmonary eosinophilia.

Heterogeneity in the chemotactic response of eosinophils to 5 T cell line eosinophilic chemotactic factors (ECFs) was assessed in 5 patients with idiopathic pulmonary eosinophilia. Eosinophils from 2 patients responded to all 5 ECFs (group 1), whereas eosinophils from the other 3 patients responded to ECF-PI 5, PI 6, PI 7 and PI 8 but failed to respond to ECF-PI 9 (group 2). It was further found that group 1 showed an elevated level of lactate dehydrogenase and a positive tuberculin reaction, whereas group 2 showed neither. The effects of steroid therapy on the chemotactic responses of eosinophils were also examined. In group 1, the chemotactic response of eosinophils to ECF-PI 9 was significantly diminished after therapy; in contrast it was elevated in group 2. This change was accompanied by resolution of both clinical symptoms and pulmonary infiltration of eosinophils. These findings suggest that pulmonary eosinophilia can be divided into two types on the basis of eosinophil chemotactic response and laboratory findings. The heterogeneous responses of eosinophils to ECFs may provide a useful marker for classification of pulmonary eosinophilia and evaluation of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Detection of hydroxyl radical in intact cells of Chlorella vulgaris.

Using ESR with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) as a spin-trapping reagent, we measured the levels of free radical species generated from living cells of Chlorella vulgaris var. vulgails (IAM C-534). To investigate the production of free radicals in the living Chlorella vulgaris cells, the influence of DMPO toward the intact cells of the Chlorella vulgaris using the O2 evolution rate was first studied as a guide. Since the O2 evolution rate was not changed by DMPO, it was judged that DMPO has no toxicity toward the intact cells of Chlorella vulgaris. Only hydroxyl radicals (.OH) were detected as the DMPO-OH adduct in the suspension of intact cells of Chlorella vulgaris irradiated with visible light. Moreover, since production of .OH was inhibited by some hydroxyl radical scavengers such as KI and ethanol, production of .OH was proved to be due to hydroxyl radicals. It was also clear that the intensity of .OH increased with increasing irradiation intensity of visible light. Therefore, it was suggested that .OH might be one of the photoinhibition factors of the intact Chlorella vulgaris cells in severe light conditions.

Chlorella↗
PubMed1994

Transitional changes in immunophenotypic subpopulations of human peripheral blood CD34+ cells expanded in vitro.

We determined the appropriate incubation period to expand human peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ cells for clinical application and the role of recombinant human (rh) interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) in the expansion and differentiation of these cells. The cells were purified up to 40 +/- 16% and transitional changes in immunophenotypic subpopulations in suspension culture were examined following stimulation with three different combinations of rh colony-stimulating factors (rhCSFs): 1) rhIL-3 alone, 2) rhIL-6, rhSCF, rhG-CSF, plus rhGM-CSF, and 3) the four CSFs plus rhIL-3. With all three CSF combinations, the total cells increased continuously after day 5 until day 14, and a combination of the five CSFs always gave rise to the highest number of total cells. Immunophenotypic analysis of the expanded cells showed that with all three CSF combinations CD34+ cells reached a maximal rate on day 5 and then decreased in an inverse correlation between the logarithm of CD34 positive rate and the duration of suspension culture. The maximum expansion of CD34+ cells and PB progenitor cells (PBPC) with rhIL-3 alone, the four CSFs, or the five CSFs was observed on day 5, 10, or 7, respectively. The combination of the five CSFs was identified as the most potent stimulus for expansion of PBPC and CD34+ cells, as it increased non-erythroid PBPC 89 +/- 69-fold, with a range of 24 to 204-fold on day 7. However, differences in the expansion rate of these cells on days 5, 7, and 10 were not statistically significant. The majority of purified CD34+ cells coexpressed CD38 (91 +/- 3%) but were negative for CD33 (85 +/- 4%), and one-half coexpressed CD13. With all three combinations of CSFs, the mature CD34+ cells that coexpressed CD38, CD33, or CD13 expanded in parallel with the total CD34+ cells, while an increase in relatively immature CD34+ cells, which do not express CD38, CD33, or CD13, was only statistically significant with the five CSFs. Thus, rhIL-3 played a critical role when combined with the four CSFs by increasing both mature and immature CD34+ cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Chronic cold agglutinin disease accompanied with an increase of CD20+/CD5+ cells; a case report].

A 61-year-old male complained of acrocyanosis and dark urine when exposing to cold temperatures. This had continued for several years. His physical examinations showed neither lymphadenopathy nor hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory findings were as follows; RBC 305 x 10(4)/microliters, Hb 10.3 g/dl, reticulocytes 4.32%, platelets 27.3 x 10(4)/microliters, WBC 7,400/microliters with 50% lymphocytes, and a high cold agglutinin titer (2,048-fold) with anti-I specificity. Bone marrow smear preparations showed erythroid hyperplasia and increase of lymphocytes (52%). Immunophenotypic analysis showed an increase of CD20+/B-lymphocytes in peripheral blood (32.6%) and in bone marrow, and 94% of these cells co-expressed CD5. Most B-lymphocytes expressed surface IgM-lambda, suggesting a monoclonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes. At this point we diagnosed cold agglutinin disease (CAD) because there was no evidence of lymphoma, and the absolute number of peripheral blood lymphocytes was lower than the criteria of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) proposed by the International Workshop (1989). However, there still remains the possibility of the transitional form between "idiopathic" CAD and B-CLL or lymphoma.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1994

[A case with AML (M4EO) accompanied by recurrent reactive histiocytosis which showed spontaneous remission].

A 30-year-old female was admitted to our hospital complaining of high fever and fatigue. Laboratory findings showed as follows; WBC 41,500/microliter (40% of blasts), Hb 8.5g/dl, platelets 4.4 x 10(4)/microliter. Cytochemical staining of blasts was positive for peroxidase and non-specific esterase with NaF inhibition. Chromosome analysis showed 46, XX, inv (16p+,q-). AML with eosinophilia was diagnosed. During myelosuppression after remission induction therapy, she developed high fever, and did not respond to transfusions. Marrow smears showed the presence of phagocytic histiocytes consisting of 18% total nuclear cells. A diagnosis of reactive histiocytosis (RH) was made. She recovered spontaneously, but suffered two episode of recurrence during subsequent chemotherapy. Reactive histiocytosis is characterized by proliferation of histiocytes which phagocyte blood cells in immunodeficient cases, e.g. a myelosuppressive state after chemotherapy. RH causes high fever and prolonged myelosuppression. It is considered to be one of the poor prognostic factors in AML during chemotherapy, and spontaneous recovery is rare. In this report, the effect of hydrocortisone on histiocytes derived from patient marrow was also investigated in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pituitary response of cryptorchid dogs to LH-RH-analogue before and after sexual maturation.

An LH-RH-analogue (LH-RH-A) was administered to 5 cryptorchid (CR) and 6 normal beagles before and after sexual maturation and peripheral plasma LH and testosterone levels were measured. The response patterns of plasma LH levels for LH-RH-A in the CR dogs were similar to those in the normal dogs before and after sexual maturation. It was therefore demonstrated there is little difference in pituitary response to LH-RH-A in the CR and normal dogs. However, the maximum levels of testosterone in the CR dogs were generally lower than those in the normal dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Determination of a small amount of niacin in foodstuffs by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of a small amount of niacin in foodstuffs is described. This method is based on hydrolysis of sample, extraction, clean-up (anion-exchange and cation-exchange columns) and separation from interferences by chromatography on an amino phase column. The detection limit of niacin in foodstuff is about 0.01 mg per 100 g. The results of analysis of foodstuffs by this method are in good agreement with those obtained by the microbiological method.

Anions↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of in vivo binding of aromatic nitro and amino compounds to rat hemoglobin.

The hemoglobin (Hb) binding of five nitroarenes, i.e. nitrobenzene (NB), 4-nitrobiphenyl (4-NBP), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), 2-nitronaphthalene (2-NN) and 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), and the corresponding amines, administered p.o. to male S.D. rats, was determined by HPLC, to evaluate the extent of in vivo reductive and oxidative activations of these compounds to N-hydroxylamines, which covalently bind to Hb to form acid-labile sulfinamides. Hb binding of the nitroarenes, except for NB, was significantly lower than that of the corresponding amines. Among the aromatic amines, 4-aminobiphenyl exhibited extremely high Hb binding. Hb binding of NB and 4-NBP decreased markedly after pretreatment with a mixture of antibiotics, but the binding of the others did not decrease appreciably. 1-Aminopyrene and 1-NP bound abundantly to plasma proteins, although the Hb binding was slight. Based on the Hb binding and the in vitro metabolism by liver microsomes and intestinal bacteria, the extent of in vivo reductive activation of nitroarenes is discussed.

Amines↗
PubMed1986

[Stability of high molecular weight anticancer agent SMANCS and its transfer from oil-phase to water-phase. Comparative study with neocarzinostatin].

SMANCS is a conjugate protein of copolymer of styrene-maleic acid [SMA] (molecular weight: 1,500) and an antitumor protein neocarzinostatin [NCS] (molecular weight: 11,700). It has an approximate molecular weight of 15,000. We report here stability of SMANCS in oil and in water, and NCS in water, under various physical conditions such as exposure to heat, UV, pH, and ultrasonic treatment. Then, we carried out an experiment of transfer of SMANCS in lipid contrast medium [lipiodol] (oil phase) to water phase (blood and physiological saline) in vitro. Results are summarized as follows: In aqueous condition, SMANCS is far more stable than NCS against the exposure to heat and UV, though it is inactivated by excessive exposures. SMANCS in an oily medium was found much more stable even at higher temperatures than in the aqueous phase. Both SMANCS and NCS are the most stable at pH 4.9-6.0. SMANCS dissolved in oil transferred to water phase slowly, having T1/10 of 24 hours (in case of lipiodol). This helps maintaining the anticancer effect of the drug in vivo for a long period of time. SMANCS in lipiodol was found to exert its action against cultured tumor cells as in an aqueous solution.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1984

A case of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in a cirrhotic liver--laparoscopically confirmed transition from a cirrhotic nodule to a hepatocellular carcinoma at an interval of 10 months.

Laparoscopy is a very reliable diagnostic procedure for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in the cirrhotic liver. In this paper, the clinical course of a patient, in whom the transition from a cirrhotic nodule to a hepatocellular carcinoma could be detected laparoscopically and bioptically by means of repeated laparoscopic and simultaneous bioptic examinations in an interval of 10 months, is described. Laparoscopy makes it possible to detect a premalignant nodule in the nodular liver.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1981

Acute type B viral hepatitis due to accidental transfusion of blood containing HBs Ag in a patient with liver cirrhosis.

Patients with liver cirrhosis have the opportunity of receiving blood transfusions rather frequently. Accidental transfusion of blood containing HBs Ag occurred in such a case. Recently, we encountered a case of hepatocellular carcinoma based on posthepatitic cirrhosis in which an emergency blood transfusion because of massive hematemesis from a gastric ulcer was followed by acute B type viral hepatitis. The remainder of the transfused blood was preserved an we tested it serologically when the symptoms of acute viral hepatitis were manifested. We are able to detect hepatitis B surface antigen in the serum. In this patient, the preceding liver cirrhosis did not influence on the clinical course of acute B type viral hepatitis and conversely, the acute B type viral hepatitis did not have any influence on the subsequent clinical course of the liver cirrhosis.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗