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Biomedical subjects

S Hirabayashi

Publications and source records attributed to S Hirabayashi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Soybean phospholipid dependent reductions in triacylglycerol concentration and synthesis in the liver of fasted-refed rats.

The effect of dietary soybean phospholipid on the activities of hepatic triacylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes was compared with soybean oil in fasted-refed rats. Soybean oil at the dietary level corresponding to 20% but not at 5% fatty acid level (21.2 and 5.3% on weight bases, respectively) significantly decreased liver microsomal diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities measured with the endogenous diacylglycerol substrate. Dietary soybean phospholipid even at the dietary level corresponding to 2% fatty acids (3.4% on weight base) significantly decreased the acyltransferase activities measured with endogenous substrate. The dietary phospholipid further decreased the parameter as the dietary level increased, and at the 5% fatty acid level, it was lower than that obtained with soybean oil at 20% fatty acid level. Soybean oil and phospholipid decreased the diacylglycerol acyltransferase activities measured with the saturating concentration of exogenous dioleoylglycerol substrate only when the activities were expressed in terms of total activity (mumol/min per liver) but to much lesser extents. Dietary phospholipid compared to the oil profoundly decreased not only hepatic triacylglycerol but also microsomal diacylglycerol levels. It was indicated that the availability of microsomal diacylglycerol as the substrate for diacylglycerol transferase is the critical determinant in regulating hepatic triacylglycerol synthesis and concentration in this experimental situation. Alterations in the activities of microsomal glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase and of the enzymes in fatty acid synthesis could account for the phospholipid-dependent decrease in the microsomal concentration of this intermediate in triacylglycerol synthesis.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1992

Breast reconstruction with the free TRAM flap after breast cancer surgery.

The authors' experiences with 34 free lower TRAM flap transfers, in which 19 primary reconstructions and 15 secondary reconstructions were successfully achieved, are reviewed. The free TRAM flap yielded better results than the pedicled TRAM flap in cases where reconstruction of the infraclavicular and anterior axillary areas, as well as of the breast mound itself, was required.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The evaluation of the effects of bunazosin hydrochloride in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia].

Thirty-five patients with prostatic hyperplasia were entered into a randomized controlled study using bunazosin hydrochloride(alpha 1-adrenergic blocker). Eighteen patients were allocated to be treated with an initial dose of 1.5 mg/day (group 1) and 17 patients received an initial dose of 3.0 mg/day (group 2). Subjective symptoms and parameters of urodynamic studies were evaluated after 4 weeks and 12 weeks. There were 5 withdrawals or exclusions within 4 weeks and 6 within 12 weeks. Therefore, 15 patients in group 1 and 15 patients in group 2 were eligible for evaluation at 4 weeks, 12 patients in group 1 and 11 patients in group 2 were eligible for evaluation at 12 weeks. The rates of the improvement in subjective symptoms such as retarded urination, protracted urination, weakened urinary stream, abdominal straining on voiding, and sense of residual urine were 40%, 25% in group 1 and 46.7%, 36.4% in group 2, at 4 weeks and at 12 weeks, respectively. The rate of improvement in objective parameters of the urodynamic study such as voiding volume, residual volume, maximum flow rate and average flow rate were 26.7%, 16.7% in group 1 and 26.7%, 20.0% in group 2, at 4 weeks and at 12 weeks, respectively. Thus, these improvements were not correlated with the dosage of drug. Adverse effects such as diarrhea, mild headache, palpitation and gastric disturbance were observed in 2 patients in group 1, and 3 patients in group 2. In the 24 patients treated with the drug over 12 weeks, there were no specific adverse effects due to prolonged administration. These findings showed that bunazosin hydrochloride is beneficial for the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia, and could be safety administered for a prolonged period of time up to 12 weeks.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Cotrel-Dubousset pedicle screw system for various spinal disorders. Merits and problems.

Eighty-five consecutive patients with various spinal disorders who underwent surgery using the Cotrel-Dubousset pedicle screw system at Kantoh Rosai Hospital between August 1986 and November 1989 were studied. The group included 52 men and 33 women, ranging in age from 19 to 76 years, with an average age of 53 years. The postoperative follow-up period was from 15 to 54 months, with an average of 33 months. The diagnoses were lumbar degenerative disorders in 69 cases (spondylolisthesis in 32, lumbar degenerative spinal canal stenosis without spondylolisthesis in 21, and "unstable lumbar spine" in 16), spinal trauma in 9, spinal deformities in 5 (scoliosis in 3 and kyphosis in 2), and tumor in 2 (1 spinal cord tumor and 1 vertebral tumor). The Cotrel-Dubousset pedicle screw system proved not only to be useful in fixing an unstable spine from the lower thoracic vertebra to the sacrum, as is the case with the other pedicle screw systems, but also to have great advantages for use in various spinal disorders, including reduction of slipped vertebra, correction of spinal deformity combined with a hook system, and for anterior spinal instrumentation. Postoperative clinical results were good in most of the cases, but pseudarthrosis considerably affected the results in a few cases. Therefore, great care must be taken, both strategically and technically, to prevent pseudarthrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy in the treatment of staghorn calculi].

From October, 1987 to September, 1989, 53 staghorn calculi of 51 patients underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) monotherapy by using Dornier HM3 lithotriptor. All patients were treated with double J stenting preoperatively. Mean number of shock waves was 6092 and mean number of sessions was 2.1. In 52 out of 53 kidneys (98%), the stones were disintegrated completely. Complete removal of the stone were observed in 29 kidneys (55%) 3 months after the last ESWL treatment. Complications consisted of fever attack (more than 38 degrees C) (26 patients), ileus (2), subcapsular hematoma (2) and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (1). They could be conservatively treated except one case with percutaneous nephrostomy. Supplementary procedures for the stone street were necessary in 23 patients. They consisted of ESWL (16 patients) and transuretheral lithotripsy (7). The indication of this procedure for the treatment of staghorn calculi was also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Roentgenological manifestation of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine causing severe spinal canal stenosis--a group comparison with and without marked spinal cord dysfunction].

Relationship between the degree of clinical symptoms and the lateral roentgenograms of the cervical OPLL causing severe spinal canal stenosis was studied among patients whose roentgenological minimum antero-posterior diameters of the available spinal canals were under 9mm. Lateral roentgenograms of 28 clinically mild patients were compared with those of 20 clinically severe patients. The type of ossification, the extent of OPLL, the narrowest level of the available spinal canal, and the minimum a-p diameter were not statistically significant parameters. The degree of canal stenosis at the 1cm cranial and 1cm caudal levels from the narrowest level, and the axial extent of canal stenosis around the narrowest level were less significantly in the group with mild symptoms than in the group with severe symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Improvements to light transmittance in light-cured composite resins by the utilisation of low refractive index dimethacrylates.

In an effort to improve the light transmittance of light-cured composite resins while avoiding degradation of their physical properties, 4 dimethacrylates having low refractive indices and a bulky backbones such as alicyclic or fluorine-substituted bisphenol groups were synthesized. The depths of cure and physical properties of 6 experimental composite resins containing these new monomers were, then, examined and compared to those of 3 control composite resins containing UDMA, BisMEPP, or BisGMA. The depths of cure of the experimental group containing the synthesized monomers were greater than those of the control group with the exception of the composite containing UDMA. The depth of cure increased as the difference between the refractive indices of the matrix monomer and silica filler decreased. The physical properties of 2 composites in the experimental group were comparable to those of the control group. The matrix monomers of these 2 composites were a mixture of 4,8-dimethacryloxymethylene tricyclo [5.2.1.0] decane or 2,2-bis (4-methacryloxyethoxy phenyl) hexafluoropropane and TEGDMA in a molar ratio of 1/1.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1990

[Thoracic duct drainage pretreatment in living related kidney transplantation--long-term results of low dose steroid and azathioprine immunosuppression].

The long term results of 28 HLA 1-haploidentical donor kidney transplant recipients receiving preoperative lymphocyte deletion through thoracic duct drainage and low dose of steroid and azathioprine immunosuppressive treatment were presented. The number of removed lymphocytes was 129.9 +/- 38.1 x 10(9) (mean +/- SD) and the duration of thoracic duct drainage pretreatment was 35 +/- 4 days. Graft survival was 96% at 3 months through 2 years, 89% at 3 years and 84% at 5 years. Patient survival was 100% at 3 months through 2 years and 96% at 3 years through 5 years. Fifteen acute rejection crises were observed in 13 patients within the first 3 months postoperatively. There was no irreversible rejection in the first 3 months. Four chronic rejections were observed in 4 patients. Life-threatening infectious disease was observed in 5 patients, diabetes mellitus in 2 and cataract in 4. These results indicated that the reduction of the dose of steroid in post transplant period might have beneficial effects on the long term graft survival of HLA 1-haploidentical kidney transplant patients receiving TDD pretreatment and the conventional immunosuppressive treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The surface degradation of various light-cured composite resins by thermal cycling].

The durability of four commercially available light-cured composite resins was investigated by thermal cycling, GR containing inorganic fillers treated with the graft polymerization of acryl ester, LF inorganic fillers treated with a silane coupling agent, PC silanized inorganic fillers and organic composite fillers, and the MFR-type SI containing the organic composite fillers. These materials were given 10,000, 30,000 and 50,000 thermal cycles (4 degrees C-60 degrees C) and the deterioration of materials by thermal cycling was evaluated by the measurement of the mechanical properties and the SEM observations of the surface of the thermocycled materials. Compressive strength and bending elastic moduli for all materials did not change greatly by thermal cycling. However, bending strength, toothbrush abrasion resistance and surface hardness decreased with increasing number of thermal cycles between 0 and 30,000, and changed little after 30,000 cycles. The percentage of bending strength after 50,000 thermal cycles to that of the non-thermocycled sample was 75% for GR, 60% for LF, 50% for PC and 65% for SI, respectively. Deterioration of materials was observed as cracks on the surface, which generated at the interface of the filler and matrix. The cracks generated relatively earlier during thermal cycling for SI and PC which contained the organic composite filler, later for LF which contained the silanized inorganic fillers, and the number of cracks on LF were fewer than SI and PC. On the other hand, for GR, no cracks were observed even after 50,000 thermal cycles. From these results, it can be presumed that the pre-treatment of filler by the graft polymerization is more effective to improve the durability of composite resin.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1990

[The application of fluorinated aromatic dimethacrylates and diacrylates to light-cured composite resins. 1. Improvement of transmittance of composite].

To improve the transmittance of light-cured composite resins, the matching of the refractive indices of the matrix monomer and filler were examined. Eight fluorinated aromatic dimethacrylates and diacrylates with a low refractive index were synthesized. Three of these monomers had a poor solubility to TEGDMA. The depths of cure and the other physical properties of eight experimental composites prepared from one of five fluorinated monomers, TEGDMA and UDMA were determined compared with those of the control composites prepared from Bis-GMA or Bis-MEPP/ and TEGDMA in the same ratio. These composites contained 70 wt% of silanized silica filler. The depths of cure of the experimental composites except for one were significantly greater than those of the control composites. The mechanical properties of the experimental composites were comparable to those of the control composites with a few exceptions, but the difference in the mechanical properties between these exceptional composites and the control was small. The water sorption of the experimental composites was markedly lower than that of the composite containing Bis-GMA and comparable to that of the composite containing Bis-MEPP. These five fluorinated monomers are considered useful as the matrix monomer of light-cured composite resins.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1990

[Diffusion of cefmenoxime into prostatic fluid in the patients with acute bacterial prostatitis].

Expressed prostatic fluid (EPS) levels and serum levels of cefmenoxime (CMX) after intravenous administration were examined in 16 patients with acute bacterial prostatitis and 23 patients without prostatic diseases. Blood was drawn at 30, 60, 120 minutes and EPS was taken by prostatic massage at 60 minutes after the intravenous administration of 2 g CMX to evaluate the concentration of CMX. The concentration of CMX was determined by the bioassay using the E. coli NIHJ JC strain. The relationships between the EPS/serum ratio and peripheral WBC counts, CRP value and ESR 1h value were also analyzed. The serum levels of CMX at 60 minutes ranged between 20.3 micrograms/ml and 73.5 micrograms/ml (mean +/- S.D.: 41.8 +/- 14.2 micrograms/ml) in 16 patients with acute prostatitis, and between 21.5 micrograms/ml and 89.5 micrograms/ml (mean +/- S.D.: 49.5 +/- 18.7 micrograms/ml) in 23 patients without prostatic diseases. The EPS levels ranged between 0.4 micrograms/ml and 30.8 micrograms/ml (mean +/- S.D.: 12.6 +/- 9.6 micrograms/ml) in 16 patients with acute prostatitis, and between 0 and 2.3 micrograms/ml (mean +/- S.D.: 0.7 +/- 0.8 microgram/ml) in 19 patients without prostatic diseases. In 4 patients without prostatic diseases, the EPS amount was not large enough to evaluate the concentration of CMX. The EPS/serum ratio ranged between 0.006 and 0.697 (mean +/- S.D.: 0.31 +/- 0.21) in patients with acute prostatitis and between 0 and 0.058 (mean +/- S.D.: 0.015 +/- 0.018) in patients without prostatic diseases. The diffusion of CMX into the prostatic fluid in patients with acute prostatitis was strikingly higher than that in patients without prostatic diseases (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Long-term results of transurethral lithotripsy with the rigid ureteroscope: injury of intramural ureter.

We treated 208 patients with ureteral calculi via transurethral lithotripsy using the rigid ureteroscope between March 1985 and April 1988. A total of 220 ureteroscopic procedures was performed in 217 ureters. Complete removal was achieved after 180 procedures (81.8%) and incomplete removal was achieved after 9 (4.1%). In 31 cases (14.1%) the stone could not be removed because of various reasons. Ureteral disruption was observed in 1 case (0.5%), which was treated successfully with reconstruction. Ureteral perforation occurred in 15 cases (6.8%) and was treated successfully except for 1 patient (0.5%) in whom ureteral stricture was observed requiring reconstruction. From long-term followup of sequential excretory urography and voiding cystography, mild stricture at the vesical end of the ureter was noted in 3 of 86 ureters (3.5%) and vesicoureteral reflux was noted in 7 of 73 (9.6%). These results indicate that the injury to the intramural ureter might arise from the passage of the ureteroscope resulting in stricture and vesicoureteral reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Experimental studies on complete global brain ischemia using the isohistogenic infantile head transplant model in Lewis rats.

A new experimental model is presented, using isohistogenic Lewis rats and microsurgical techniques. Transplantation of the head and forelimbs of the infantile rat was done to the groin of an adult rat. The goal was to study the effects of ischemia on brain tissue. This model also proved useful for other experiments in studies of facial and cranial bone growth. The model presented proved efficient for the study goals, and long-term experiments were possible. The maximum ischemia time tolerated by brain tissue was found to be somewhere between 60 min and 120 min.

Animals↗