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Biomedical subjects

S He

Publications and source records attributed to S He.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Early diagnosis and treatment of mesenteric venous thrombosis].

From 1967 to 1995, we treated 16 patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT). Major complaint was abdominal pain, and 13 patients had predisposing factors. One was diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography and cured by anticoagulant, 14 were misdiagnosed, 7 died postoperatively, and 8 cured. Early diagnosis lies on predisposing factors, discordance of symptoms and signs, color Doppler ultrasonography, CT, and angiography. Early operation for removing the involved intestine with its mesentery and early application of anticoagulant are essential to decrease the mortality and recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The study of relations of cellular DNA content and proliferative activity to lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate DNA/Cytokeratin(CK) multiparametric method in detection to the gastric cancer and to study the relations of cellular DNA content, S-phase fraction (SPF) and G2/M-phase fraction (G2/MPF) to lymph node (LN) metastasis. METHODS: 50 cases of fresh tumor samples, were examined by using single (DNA) and two-colored DNA/CK flow cytometry respectively. RESULTS: The rate of aneuploid, the mean and the range of SPF and G2/MPF were higher in the multiparametric method than that in single one. In aneuploid carcinoma, the incidence of LN metastasis was significantly higher, the G2/MPF values with LN metastasis were higher than those without metastasis; values were higher in metastasis to n2 or n3 than that to n1. The SPF or G2/MPF values correlated with the number of LN metastasis, being significantly higher in metastasis to 5 LN than to 1-4 LN. CONCLUSION: Multiparametric DNA/CK cytometric analysis is better than single DNA one; correlations between cellular DNA content, SPF, G2/MPF and the extent of LN matastasis exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The growth-inhibiting effects of hyperthermic-hypoosmotic solution alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic agents on human gastric cancer xenograft in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of hyperthermic-hypoosmotic solution alone and in combination with anti-tumor drugs in the growth inhibition of human gastric cancer xenografts in immuno-compromised Balb/c mice. METHODS: Cyclosporin A-treated mice bearing human gastric cancer Sy86B in the peritoneal cavity were treated i.p. twice with 43 degrees C double distilled water (DDW) or 43 degrees C DDW containing 0.05% chlorhexidine or 43 degrees C DDW with carboplatin(10 mg/kg). Normal saline at ambient temperature injected i.p. was used as control. RESULTS: Compared with the control, in mice treated with 43 degrees C alone or in combination with one of the two chemotherapeutic agents, significantly better therapeutic effects were obtained as shown by a decrease in tumor cell Brdu labeling index (BLI), proliferation index (PI) and DNA index (DI), prolongation of survival period and reduction of CEA and hEGF contents in the peritoneal effusion. The best treatment result was observed in mice receiving carboplatin in 43 degrees C DDW which was also superior to that in mice treated with carboplatin alone. CONCLUSION: Hyperthermic-hypoosmotic solution containing chemotherapeutic agent by i.p. infusion may be a treatment of choice in the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis in advanced stomach cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction of the fatty oil in Terminalia chebula and GC-MS analysis].

The fatty oils in Terminulia chebula were extracted by supercritical-CO2 fluid extraetion, and their fatty acids and its relative contents were determined by GC-MS. 12 fatty acids were identified. Palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid of them are main constituents. Compared with petroleum ether extraction method, the extraction rate from SFE-CO2 is higher and extraction time shorter.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1997

[Preparation and characterization of a McAb against tissue factor pathway inhibitor].

OBJECTIVE: To prepare monoclonal antibody (McAb) against tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). METHODS: Twice intrasplenic immunization of BALB/c mice with TFPI-binded nitrocellulose paper followed by an intraperitoneal boost with TFPI raised two hybridoma cell lines, 4F8 and 4F4, by hybridoma technique, 4F8 was studied in detail. The mode value of its chromosome is 93. The Ig class of McAb 4F8 was IgG1. The McAb was purified from ascites by a simple procedure of caprylic acid pre cipitation. The purified McAb was conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by a modified periodate oxidation procedure. RESULTS: Immunoblotting indicated that the McAb recognized a single band of TFPI with a molecular weight of 34800. The McAb was also proved to shorten markedly the dilute thromboplastin coagulation time of factor IX-deficient and normal plasma. The results of Sandwich ELISA using the HRP labeled McAb showed that the mean TFPI in normal human plasma is 103.2 +/- 11.5 microg/L, being similar to that measured with TFPI ELISA kit from America Diagnostica Inc. (98.4 +/- 10.3 microg/L) (r=0.92). CONCLUSION: McAb 4F8 may be a useful reagent for TFPI research.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Importance of leaflet elongation in causing systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS OF THE STUDY: There is growing evidence for mitral leaflet elongation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Such elongation could predispose to systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve by increasing leaflet mobility and providing a geometry that promotes this condition. METHODS: To test this postulate, five porcine mitral valves were studied in a physiologic left heart pulsatile flow duplicator. They were elongated with patches sutured to the basal posterior leaflet (three sizes per valve) or anterior leaflet (basal, middle, or distal). Each geometry was studied with normal papillary muscle position and with anterior and inward displacement, as seen in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, to shift the leaflets into the outflow stream. RESULTS: Four points became clear. 1) Leaflet elongation promoted the development of SAM in response to papillary muscle displacement by creating long overlapping residual leaflets capable of moving anteriorly. 2) Posterior leaflet elongation also promoted SAM by shifting leaflet coaptation anteriorly, with progressive increases in SAM. 3) Basal and mid-anterior leaflet elongation caused SAM with prolapse; distal anterior leaflet elongation created SAM with a mobile flap (leaflet elongation without papillary muscle displacement created prolapse). 4) Residual leaflet length correlated well with total leaflet length (r = 0.87-0.98 for each valve), and the degree of SAM in turn correlated well with residual leaflet length (r = 0.62-0.98 for individual valves). CONCLUSIONS: Mitral leaflet elongation, by increasing the residual leaflet length and leaflet mobility, can play an important role in promoting SAM in response to outflow forces, as demonstrated by prospectively altering leaflet length. These findings are consistent with recent observations that reducing leaflet redundancy and posterior leaflet height can reduce obstructive SAM following mitral valve repair in patients with mitral valve prolapse and help relieve obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and enlarged leaflets.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1997

An observation of the anastomoses of intrahepatic veins in normal human adults.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the hepatovenous intrahepatic anastomoses exist in normal humans. METHODS: A total of 13 livers were isolated during the early autopsies of normal men who died in accidents. Perfusion venography of the branches of hepatic veins using meglucamine diatrizoate was performed in 6 cases. This method of investigation has not been reported in the literature. In one case, a portal venography was done. In the remaining 6 cases, liver substance stainings were done by injecting ink through the middle hepatic vein, and the tissue sections of these livers were observed under light microscope. RESULTS: There were intrahepatic anastomoses between the hepatic veins within the liver. These anastomoses belonged to the 4th or 5th branch of hepatic vein near the capsule. There were also anastomoses between the middle hepatic vein and the hepatic short veins. Shunts existed between the portal veins and hepatic veins. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of anastomoses of intrahepatic veins in normal individuals provide anatomical rationale for the performance of irregular hepatectomy, as well as rationale for the ligation of one or two hepatic veins should such veins be traumatized or invaded by liver cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of Ganoderma japonicum (Fr.) Lloyd mixture on experimental thrombosis].

The therapeutic effect of Ganoderma japonicum(Fr.) Lloyd mixture on thrombosis and its mechanism were studied. The results showed that Ganoderma japonicum(Fr.) Lloyd mixture inhibited thrombus formation in vitro and in vivo, the thrombus weight and length formed in the rabbit common carotid artery and external jugular vein were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control (P < 0.01). The results suggest that Ganoderma japonicum(Fr.) Lloyed mixture has anti-thrombotic effect, blood coagulation and platelet activation were inhibited, and the ability of vascular endothelial cells against the process of thrombosis was enhanced.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Effect of monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor pathway inhibitor on plasma coagulation time].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influences of the monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), McAb4F8, on prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplatin time (APTT). The results showed that PT and APTT were prolonged by exogenous TFPI. Dilute thromboplastin coagulation time was shortened with a dose-dependent manner by McAb4f8. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) prolonged significantly PT and APTT, and this effect ws weakened by an antibody against human AT III. McAb4F8 was also proved to shorten dilute thromboplastin coagulation time of factor IX deficient plasma. These results indicated that the tissue factor pathway plays an important role not only in physiological coagulation but also in hemorrhage of hemophilia.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Effects of aprotinin on heparinized whole blood activated clotting time and whole blood prothrombin time].

When aprotinin is used during cardiopulmonary bypass, there is a prolongation of the activated clotting time (ACT), which is used to monitor heparinization. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of aprotinin and heparin on whole blood ACT and whole blood prothrombin time (BPT). The results showed that when kaolin was used as the contact activator, the intrinsic clotting system was also inhibited by aprotinin, the observed ACTs with various dose aprotinin and concomitant heparin were significantly prolonged (Q = 0.757, P < 0.01). There was a dose-dependent prolongation of BPT by heparin (r = 0.985, P < 0.01). However, the heparin-mediated prolongation of BPT was not enhanced by aprotinin. The authors conclude that aprotinin prolongs heparinized whole blood activated clotting time but was not whole blood prothrombin time.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A cytoplasmic male sterility-associated mitochondrial protein causes pollen disruption in transgenic tobacco.

In higher plants, dominant mitochondrial mutations are associated with pollen sterility. This phenomenon is known as cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). It is thought that the disruption in pollen development is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. To provide definitive evidence that expression of an abnormal mitochondrial gene can interrupt pollen development, a CMS-associated mitochondrial DNA sequence from common bean, orf239, was introduced into the tobacco nuclear genome. Several transformants containing the orf239 gene constructs, with or without a mitochondrial targeting sequence, exhibited a semi sterile or male-sterile phenotype. Expression of the gene fusions in transformed anthers was confirmed using RNA gel blotting, ELISA, and light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. Immunocytological analysis showed that the ORF239 protein could associate with the cell wall of aberrant developing microspores. This pattern of extracellular localization was earlier observed in the CMS common bean line containing orf239 in the mitochondrial genome. Results presented here demonstrate that ORF239 causes pollen disruption in transgenic tobacco plants and may do so without targeting of the protein to the mitochondrion.

Chimera↗
PubMed1996

Structure-function analysis of Leishmania lipophosphoglycan. Distinct domains that mediate binding and inhibition of endothelial cell function.

We have shown that Leishmania lipophosphoglycan (LPG) inhibits IL-1 beta gene expression in human monocytes. Here, we show that LPG can bind in a time-dependent manner and suppress endothelial cell activation, possibly via specific LPG domains. Endotoxin (10 ng/ml, 4 h) consistently caused endothelium to increase monocyte adhesion (approximately 20-fold). LPG pretreatment (2 microM, 2 h) completely blocked endotoxin-mediated monocyte adhesion. LPG did not grossly suppress endothelial functions because TNF-alpha- and IL-1 beta-mediated adhesion toward monocytes were not affected. Using four highly purified LPG fragments (namely, repeating phosphodisaccharide (PGM), phosphoglycan, phosphosaccharide core-lyso-alkyl-phosphatidylinositol (core-PI), and lyso-alkyl-phosphatidylinositol (lyso-PI)), we examined whether these fragments can independently inhibit endothelial adhesion. In contrast to that of intact LPG, neither the four LPG fragments (2 microM, 2 h) independently nor the co-addition of phosphoglycan and core-P1 fragments blocked the endotoxin-mediated adhesion to monocytes. To determine whether the fragments can reverse the effect of intact LPG, endothelial cells were first pretreated with the LPG fragments (10 microM, 15 min), followed by the addition of LPG (2 microM). All four LPG fragments fully reversed the effect of LPG. Simultaneous addition of LPG fragments and intact LPG caused only partial suppression (approximately 45%), while the addition of LPG fragments 14 min later had no reversal effect. Flow cytometry revealed that only core-P1 and lyso-P1 competitively inhibited (approximately 30%) LPG binding. Conversely, LPG competed with the binding of [3H]lyso-P1 (approximately 30%). Furthermore, mAb against the PGM reversed (approximately 70%) the effect of LPG. Thus, the lyso-P1 domain on LPG mediates binding to endothelial cells, whereas the PGM domain mediates the cell inhibitory effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Attentional resolution and the locus of visual awareness.

Visual spatial resolution is limited by factors ranging from optics to neuronal filters in the visual cortex, but it is not known to what extent it is also limited by the resolving power of attention. To investigate this, we studied adaptation to lines of specific orientation, a process that occurs in primary visual cortex. When a single grating is presented in the periphery of the visual field, human observers are aware of its orientation, but when it is flanked by other similar gratings ('crowding'), its orientation becomes impossible to discern. Nevertheless, we show that orientation-specific adaptation is not affected by crowding, implying that spatial resolution is limited by an attentional filter acting beyond the primary visual cortex. Consistent with this, we find that attentional resolution is greater in the lower than in the upper visual field, whereas there is no corresponding asymmetry in the primary visual cortex. We suggest that the attentional filter acts in one or more higher visual cortical areas to restrict the availability of visual information to conscious awareness.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1996

Guinea pig lung tryptase. Localisation to mast cells and characterisation of the partially purified enzyme.

Tryptase (EC 3.4.21.59), the major secretory product of human mast cells, has become widely used as a biochemical marker for mast cells and mast cell activation, and is attracting attention as a mediator of allergic disease. However, there is little information available on the properties, or even the presence, of this protease in commonly used species of laboratory animals. We, here, report the demonstration and characterisation of this enzyme in the guinea pig lung. Tryptic activity resistant to alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and soybean trypsin inhibitor was detected in sections of guinea pig lung tissue with the histochemical substrate Z-Gly-Pro-Arg-MNA. It was localised to mast cells and appeared to be present in all mast cells staining with Alcian Blue. A tryptic protease was purified 2400-fold from whole lung tissue by high salt extraction, cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation, heparin agarose chromatography, and gel filtration. This enzyme was found to be multimeric with a subunit of 38 kDa and a native molecular mass of 860 +/- 100 kDa. Inhibitor studies identified it as a serine protease. Like human tryptase, it was inhibited by leupeptin, benzamidine, and APC 366 (N-(1-hydroxy-2- naphthoyl)-L-arginyl(-L-prolinamide hydrochloride), but not by alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor, soybean trypsin inhibitor, or antithrombin III. Its response to changes in pH and ionic strength was similar to that of human tryptase. Differences between the guinea pig and human enzymes were seen in activity toward a panel fo 10 tryptic p_nitroanilide peptide substrates. Kinetic constants were determined for two of these: with L-Pyr-Pro-Arg-pNA the guinea pig tryptase had a similar Km but a 5-fold lower kcat than human tryptase, and with L-Pyr-Gly-Arg-pNA the guinea pig enzyme had a 10-fold lower Km and a 30% greater kcat than human counterpart. Heparin stabilised guinea pig tryptase, but did not alter its kinetic parameters as it did with human tryptase, decreasing the Km towards both substrates. The presence of a protease with similarities to human tryptase in the mast cells of guinea pigs suggests that this species may be an appropriate model to investigate the actions to tryptase in vivo, provided cognizance is taken of the differences that do exist.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Alternative splicing of the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger gene, NCX1.

We describe an analysis of the NCX1 gene and show that various tissues express different alternatively spliced forms of the gene. Alternative splicing has been confirmed by the genomic analysis of the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger gene. We also describe the Drosophila Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger as having many of the same structural characteristics of the mammalian exchangers and this locus as possibly undergoing alternative splicing in the same region that has been described in the NCX1 gene. The general structure of the exchangers is similar to that of the alpha-subunit of the (Na(+)+ K+)-A Pase. Finally, sequence comparison of the various molecules demonstrates that structural characteristics of these molecules are more strongly conserved than the primary sequence of these products.

Alternative Splicing↗