Copper toxicosis in Bedlington terriers.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S Haywood
Publications and source records attributed to S Haywood.
Is clutch size in birds affected by environmental conditions during growth?
Only environmental conditions occurring at the time of breeding have been shown to affect clutch size in birds, even though conditions experienced during growth are known to affect body size or egg size. We show here that environmental conditions experienced during early life can affect clutch size in captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) and wild great tits (Parus major). Not only do factors outside the immediate breeding season affect clutch size, but clutch size control mechanism is permanently influenced by conditions experienced during ontogeny.
Animals↗
Prodromal symptoms in genital herpes simplex infection.
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Adult↗
The effect of the sex of weaned rats on the accumulation of dietary copper in their livers.
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Animals↗
Hepatic organelle pathology in dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts.
Diversion of portal blood in congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) results in liver atrophy and passage of toxins into the systemic circulation causing hepatic encephalopathy. In some dogs, there is indirect evidence for hepatic insufficiency, but histologic findings are equivocal. This study determined whether hepatocyte integrity in PSS is comprised at a subcellular level using analytical subcellular fractionation of liver biopsies. Six dogs with CPSS had hypoproteinemia (6/6), increased serum alkaline phosphatase (6/6) and alanine aminotransferase (4/6) activity, hypocholesterolemia (6/6), and decreased blood urea (2/6). Liver biopsy specimens had increased activities (mU/mg protein) of alkaline phosphatase (17.9 +/- 10.1; controls 5.1 +/- 5.3: P less than 0.01), but not of other plasma membrane enzymes. There were increased activities of endoplasmic reticular (neutral alpha-glucosidase: 1.67 +/- 0.7; controls 0.86 +/- 0.2: P less than 0.01) and lysosomal enzymes (N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase: 12.6 +/- 2.3; controls 6.24 +/- 2.7: P less than 0.01; alpha-mannosidase: 0.85 +/- 0.5; controls 0.39 +/- 0.3: P less than 0.05). Subcellular fractionation on reorientating sucrose density gradients showed a high-density peak of alkaline phosphatase suggestive of a specific increase in the biliary canalicular component of enzyme activity. Neutral alpha-glucosidase was shifted to denser fractions, indicative of an increase in the proportion of rough-to-smooth endoplasmic reticulum and consistent with enhanced synthesis of membranous enzymes. There was also evidence for increased fragility of intracellular organelles, particularly lysosomes. In contrast, histology showed either no abnormalities or minor degenerative changes compatible with hepatic underperfusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
5'-Nucleotidase↗