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S Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Hashimoto.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and inflammatory cytokines in alveolar macrophages of ARDS following sepsis.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines in alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the pathogenesis of ARDS following sepsis. SETTING: ICU in a university hospital. DESIGN: Prospective exploratory, open-labeled study was carried out. PATIENTS: A total of 24 patients were investigated: 8 patients diagnosed as having ARDS following sepsis (ARDS group); 8 patients under general anesthesia in the operating room whose lung functions were normal (control group); and 8 patients who were intubated and artificially ventilated for 1 week in the ICU whose lung functions were not deteriorated without fulfilling the ARDS criteria and whose general state fulfilled the sepsis criteria (long-term ventilation group, or LTV group). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The expression of iNOS, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in AMs obtained from BAL fluid (BALF) was determined by the immunofluorescent technique. We observed the significant expression of iNOS, IL-6, and IL-8 only in the ARDS group. Meanwhile, NOx (the sum of NO2- + NO3-) was elevated in the BALF supernatant, and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in both the BALF supernatant and the serum were also elevated in the ARDS group. No significant expressions were detected in the control and the LTV group. CONCLUSIONS: The result that iNOS was detected only in ARDS patients following sepsis suggests that iNOS together with proinflammatory cytokines produced by AMs might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury and be useful for monitoring disorders in the lung in such conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The acoustic reflex for filtered broadband stimuli: a lesser contribution of the lower frequency neurons.

The effects of the cut-off frequency of the filtered broadband stimuli on the human acoustic reflex (AR) were examined to observe the relation between the area of excitation in the cochlea and the AR response. The results obtained have indicated that all the input from the cochlear region does not equally contribute to trigger the AR equally; i.e., there is a lesser contribution from the frequency region below 700 Hz.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The effect of oral feeding of Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on immunoglobulin E production in mice.

We investigated the effect of oral feeding of heat-killed Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on immunoglobulin E (IgE) production in mice. The strain was orally administered to BALB/c mice that had been preinjected intraperitoneally with ovalbumin, and the level of IgE in serum was determined. Results indicated that the oral feeding of L. casei strain Shirota was effective in inhibiting IgE production in serum, and the IgE production in response to ovalbumin was significantly inhibited in the mice. The in vitro production of IgE by the spleen cells from mice fed L. casei strain Shirota in response to restimulation with ovalbumin was inhibited in contrast to that of spleen cells from the control group. We also examined the pattern of cytokine production by spleen cells from mice fed L. casei strain Shirota followed by restimulation with ovalbumin in vitro. In the mice fed L. casei strain Shirota, the production by the spleen cells of Th1 cell-associated cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and interleukin-2, was higher than that by the spleen cells from the control group. In contrast, the production of Th2 cell-associated cytokines, such as interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10, by spleen cells in the group fed L. casei strain Shirota was lower than that by the cells from the control group. Furthermore, the interleukin-12 production of the spleen cells from mice fed L. casei strain Shirota was also higher than that of the control group.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Heterogeneous induction of apoptosis in colon cancer cells by wild-type p53 gene transfection.

To examine the effects of wild-type (wt)-p53 gene transfer on cancer cell growth and apoptosis induction, we transduced human wt-p53 cDNA into three colon cancer cell lines either with or without a mutation of the p53 gene using the HVJ-cationic liposome method. Wt-p53 gene transfer, thus, induced an apparent growth arrest in all cell lines, but its enhancement of the apoptotic rate varied (from about 4 to 70 times). The simultaneous doxorubicin treatment was able to enhance growth arrest and the apoptosis induction rate. These findings suggest that wt-p53 gene transfer using HVJ-cationic liposomes seems to be a potentially effective therapeutic strategy, however wt-p53 gene transfer still appears to be more effective in combination with other cytotoxic treatments.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1998

WA8242A1, A2 and B, novel secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitors produced by Streptomyces violaceusniger. II. Biological properties.

WA8242A1, A2 and B, novel inhibitors of secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2), were obtained from Streptomyces violaceusniger No. 8242. WA8242B inhibited secretory group I and II PLA2s in a dose-dependent manner. The mode of inhibition of group II PLA2 by WA8242B was in competitive fashion. WA8242B inhibited group II PLA2-induced Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) production by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Furthermore, WA8242B was effective in mouse zymosan writhing model.

2-Aminoadipic Acid↗
PubMed1998

[Estimated numbers of patients with intractable respiratory diseases].

To estimate the number of patients with intractable respiratory diseases, we conducted a two-stage nationwide epidemiological survey in 1997. The first survey was performed at randomly sampled hospitals to identify the number of patients treated. The second survey sought detailed clinico-epidemiological data on the patients reported in the first survey. The response rates were 54% for the first survey and 62% for the second. Based on the survey findings, we derived the following nationwide estimates: 450 patients (95% confidence interval: 360-530) with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; 230 (200-260) with primary pulmonary hypertension; 180 (150-210) with obesity-associated hypoventilation syndrome; 40 (30-50) with primary alveolar hypoventilation syndrome; 160 (140-180) with histiocytosis X; and 190 (150-230) with juvenile pulmonary emphysema.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Reproducibility and validity of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire].

The reproducibility and relative validity of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were evaluated. Subjects were 72 (36 men and 36 women) residents of N island, Shimane Prefecture in Japan, aged 50-76 years. The questionnaire was administered twice at an interval of one week (FFQ1, FFQ2), and 7-day weighing diet records were collected during that period. This protocol was conducted in summer and winter. The mean intakes for 11 nutrients calculated from the FFQ1 and FFQ2 were similar and, those from the FFQ1 were smaller than those from the diet records for all but fat and vitamin C. Pearson correlation coefficients assessing reproducibility between nutrient intakes from FFQ1 and FFQ2 ranged from 0.59 for vitamin C to 0.90 for carbohydrate. Validity was measured by comparing nutrient intakes from FFQ1 with those from the 7-day diet record, and Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.15 for iron to more than 0.35 for total energy and macronutrients. These correlation coefficients showed slight difference by gender or age group, but did not vary materially between seasons. These data indicate that this questionnaire is reproducible but has some problems in validity.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

The role of alpha1-adrenoceptors in the clonidine-induced contraction and relaxation of rat aorta.

Clonidine causes dilatation of the aorta in the presence of endothelium, while it causes contraction of the aorta in the absence of endothelium. The present study was carried out to clarify the role of alpha-1-adrenoceptors in the vascular action of clonidine. The aortic rings were suspended in Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) medium, and the effects of alpha-1- and alpha-2-adrenoceptor antagonists on the clonidine-induced contractions were measured. Moreover, the role of the phosphatidylinositol (PI) response was examined. The aortic slices were incubated in K-H medium containing, [3H]myo-inositol and clonidine. The formation of [3H]inositol monophosphate (IP1) was measured with a liquid scintillation counter. Clonidine caused contraction of the aorta in the absence of endothelium, in a dose-dependent manner. This contraction was inhibited by antagonists in the following order of the potency: prazosin > phentolamine > spiperone > urapidil = yohimbine > L-659066 > atipamezole. On the other hand, clonidine inhibited norepinephrine (NE)-induced contraction in the aorta in the absence and in the presence of endothelium. Clonidine enhanced IP1 accumulation in the aorta in the absence of endothelium, whereas it inhibited NE-induced IP1 accumulation in the aorta. The present results show that alpha-1-adrenoceptors are probably involved in the clonidine-induced contraction and relaxation of the rat aorta.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists↗
PubMed1998

Hematopoietic cytokine-dependent differentiation to eosinophils and neutrophils in a newly established acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line with t(15;17).

We recently established an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line (HT93) that has the capacity to differentiate into neutrophils and eosinophils in response to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and human hematopoietic cytokines. The cells had a myeloblastic morphology, were positive for surface CD33, CD34, and CD56, and showed the following karyotypes: 46, XY, t(1;12)(q25;p13), 2q+, t(4;6)(q12;q13), and t(15;17)(q22;q11). When the cells were cultured with ATRA, they showed nuclear segmentation and developed secondary granules consisting in part of neutrophils and eosinophils. In the presence of ATRA and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), the cells showed polymorphonuclear neutrophil differentiation accompanied by expression of surface CD11b, CD15, CD10, positive activity for neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP), and NAP mRNA expression. In cultures with ATRA and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL (interleukin)-3, or IL-5, HT93 showed remarkable eosinophil maturation at day 8 as determined by luxol fast blue staining, in addition to expression of eosinophil peroxidase and major basic protein. These results indicate that HT93 is an APL cell line with the ability to differentiate into neutrophils and eosinophils, and that these lineages are dependent on the CSF added. HT 93 should prove to be a useful model in analyzing the effects of hematopoietic cytokines on proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of hematopoietic progenitors.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1998

[A case of cardiac rupture which occurred 34 years after mastectomy].

We experienced a case of cardiac rupture associated with mastectomy. A 78-year-old woman, who underwent left mastectomy 34 years before, complained of bleeding from a chest tumor located on the operative scar of the left mastectomy and postoperative irradiation. The tumor was noticed 10 months prior and became larger and repeated bleeding. It was first diagnosed as hemangioma by nearby practitioner. She was referred to the university hospital because of uncontrollable bleeding from the tumor. Without definite diagnosis, the tumor ruptured suddenly 52 days after the admission and the patient lapsed into the state of hemorrhagic shock and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed. Following emergency operation was performed on stand-by of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The operation was successful with the aid of partial CPB and the final diagnosis of cardiac rupture was determined during the surgery. A case of cardiac rupture after mastectomy and radiation is rare, and this is the first report in the Japanese literature to date. The patient could be saved because the operation was performed on stand-by CPB.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[The immunoreactivity studies of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathy over the past three years in our laboratory].

Biopsied skeletal muscles from patients with inflammatory myopathy (6 cases of polymyositis (PM), 2 cases of dermatomyositis (DM), 5 cases of collagen disease with polymyositis and a case of allergic granulomatous angitis) were examined by comparing immunostained infiltrated cells at perivascular, perimysial and the endomysial sites as well as examining the histochemical findings on serial frozen sections from cases examined by our laboratory over the past three years. CD68 was used for macrophage, L26 for B lymphocytes, CD4 and CD8 for T lymphocytes. Expression of HLA-ABC was examined for Class I antigen and HLA-DR for Class II antigen on the muscle fibers. Many macrophages and CD8-positive T lymphocytes had infiltrated the endomysium in PM. Many CD4-positive T lymphocytes and L26-positive B lymphocytes had infiltrated perivascular sites in DM. These results were almost the same as those in many other reports. HLA-ABC was positive on the muscle sarcolemma in all cases. However, the expression of HLA-DR was not identical in all cases. It is useful to determine the diagnosis and consider a pathogenesis of inflammatory muscle diseases to analyze the infiltrated cells and the site of infiltration even in case showing few of infiltrating cells and necrotic fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Pagetoid spread of intratubular germ cell neoplasia into rete testis forming tumor-like mass].

Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is the preinvasive phase of testicular germ cell tumors. ITGCN can spread into the rete testis in a pagetoid manner, but there are very few published data about this phenomenon. Furthermore, the tumor-like mass formed by ITGCN with pagetoid spread into the rete testis has not been documented to date, and the present case is the first to be reported. A tumor-like mass was found close to the superior pole of the left testis in a 39-year-old male and was unrelated to the epididymis. Three other nodules of seminoma surrounded by fibroconnective tissue existed next to the mass. Histological sections revealed ITGCN which was characterized by the presence of large and polygonal germ cells exhibiting clear cytoplasm with distinct cell borders. The cytoplasm was rich in glycogen and the cell membrane was immunohistochemically positive for placental alkaline phosphatase. The nuclei had less coarse chromatin than that of seminoma. ITGCN cells spread in between the lining epithelium of the rete and the basement membrane. This characteristic spread was consistent with pagetoid spread into the rete testis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Swyer-James syndrome with pneumothorax].

We report a case of Swyer-James syndrome with pneumothorax. A 20 year-old man was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea. Right pneumothorax was diagnosed by chest X-ray. He had a history of current pneumonia in childhood. After improvement of the pneumothorax, chest X-ray revealed hyperlucency of the right upper lung. Chest-CT revealed a low attenuation area and a cystic space in the right upper lobe. Xenon-133 clearance was delayed in ventilation scintigraphy. Bronchography showed cylindrical bronchiectasis in the proximal bronchi and poor filling of the peripheral bronchi in the right upper lobe. Pulmonary angiography showed a small right upper pulmonary artery. Swyer-James syndrome was diagnosed. The pneumothorax was probably caused by weakness of the cystic spaces.

Adult↗