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Biomedical subjects

S Harvey

Publications and source records attributed to S Harvey.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Plasma growth hormone concentrations during growth in turkeys.

The concentrations of circulating GH were low in 1-week-old birds (male plasma pool 30 ng/ml, female 32 ng/ml), reached a maximum at 7 weeks in male birds (142 +/- 26 SEM ng/ml) or 4 weeks in females (185 +/- 32 ng/ml) and then decreased to 17-3 +/- 2-8 ng/ml in males and 8-7 +/- 0-6 ng/ml in females at 17 weeks. 2. Significant inverse correlations between GH concentration and age or body weight were found (male, r = -0-693), female, r = -0-623). 3. In males, but not females, the weekly increase in body weight was correlated with the plasma GH concentration (r = 0-291).

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Purification and radioimmunoassay of chicken growth hormone.

Chicken growth hormone has been isolated from adenohypophysial tissue from which the glycoprotein hormones had been removed. The procedure entailed alkali extraction, ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The resulting fraction was homogeneous, active in the rat tibia bioassay and had a similar isoelectric point, molecular weight and amino acid composition to mammalian growth hormone. A specific homologous radioimmunoassay has been developed using the avian growth hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica from streams and lakes of California.

Stream and lake water from the Mammoth Lakes region of California was sampled for Yersinia enterocolitica. From 10 of the 34 sites examined, organisms were isolated that were biochemically identified as Y. enterocolitica. Only one of the ten strains could be serologically confirmed. This strain was identified as Y. enterocolitica serotype 16. Although an outbreak of enteritis in the area prompted this study, no correlation with gastrointestinal disease could be established since the majority of the strains were untypeable.

California↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improved two-dimensional gel electrophoresis representation of serum proteins by using ProtoClear.

ProtoClear is a proprietary technique for clearing albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) from human serum samples. Albumin constitutes 57-71% of total serum protein and IgG ranges from 8-26%. Removal of these two proteins alone clears approximately 75% of the total protein present in serum and allows the detection of the remaining proteins that are present in far lower concentrations. ProtoClear effectively removed >95% of human serum albumin (HSA) and >97% of human IgG as measured by an anti-HSA competitive immunoassay and a radial immunodiffusion assay, respectively. ProtoClear was far more specific at removing albumin and IgG than Cibracon Blue Dye chromatography (Cibracon Blue), the typically utilized alternative. Comparing two-dimensional (2-D) gels of serum cleared by either Cibracon Blue or by ProtoClear, it was apparent that Cibracon Blue removed a number of proteins in addition to albumin. Following removal of albumin and IgG from serum, we found a significant improvement in the resolution of polypeptide spots detected on two-dimensional gels.

Albumins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary structure and pharmacological activity of a nonapeptide related to neuromedin U isolated from chicken intestine.

An extract of chicken intestine contained neuromedin U-like immunoreactivity (36 pmol/g wet tissue weight). The primary structure of the predominant molecular form (NMU-9), comprising 94% of the total immunoreactivity, was established as: Gly-Tyr-Phe-Phe-Phe-Arg-Pro-Arg- Asn-NH2. This sequence differs from that of pig neuromedin U-8 (NMU-8) by the substitution of Leu3 by Phe and, like the corresponding peptide from the guinea pig, is extended from the NH2-terminus by a Gly residue. A minor component of neuromedin U comprised 25 amino acid residues. An extract of chicken whole brain contained much less NMU-like immunoreactivity (1.5 pmol/g) and the nonpeptide was the only molecular form detected. Synthetic chicken NMU-9 produced a concentration-dependent contraction of smooth muscle from the rat uterus and its effect was unchanged in the presence of tetrodotoxin, atropine and indomethacin. The potency of chicken NMU-9 (EC50 360 +/- 60 nM; mean +/- S.E., n = 6) was approximately 8-fold less than that of pig NMU-8 (EC50 46 +/- 8 nM) but the maximum contraction produced by both agonists was not significantly different.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parathyroid hormone-induced dopamine turnover in the rat medial basal hypothalamus.

The parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene is expressed and translated in the rat hypothalamus, and the possibility that PTH may modulate neural activity was therefore examined in anesthetized rats. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of 1.0 or 10.0 micrograms rat, human, or bovine PTH(1-34) was followed 60 min later by increased concentrations of DOPAC (dihydroxyacetic acid) and the DOPAC:dopamine (DA) ratio in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH), but not in other (brainstem, cerebral cortex, cerebellum) regions of the brain. Tissue concentrations of norepinephrine and serotonin were unchanged by ICV PTH administration, although MBH concentrations of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) were increased following PTH administration. An increase in MBH DA turnover (as indicated by an increased DOPAC:DA ratio) was also induced by the ICV injection of 10 micrograms PTH-related protein [PTHrP(1-34)]. Pretreatment with the receptor antagonists PTH(7-34) or PTHrP(7-34) completely blocked the subsequent DOPAC response to ICV PTH or PTHrP, respectively. The DOPAC concentrations in hypothalamic extracellular fluid (ECF), sampled by microdialysis, were also increased within 20 min of PTH(1-34) perfusion, in the absence of changes in the ECF concentrations of 5-HIAA. These results demonstrate that PTH and PTH-like peptides specifically increase DA turnover in the rat MBH and suggest novel roles for these hormones in neural regulation.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parathyroid hormone binding sites in the brain.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to have actions within the brain, suggesting the presence of central PTH receptors. This possibility was examined by determining the binding of 125I-labeled [Nle8,18,Tyr34]bovine PTH to the plasma membranes of rat and rabbit brains. Specific binding of the tracer to membranes of the whole brain was time and tissue dependent, and was greater with membranes from the hypothalamus than with membranes from the cerebellum, cerebrum, or brain stem. The binding of the tracer to rat hypothalamic membranes was saturable and competitively displaced by unlabeled PTH(1-34), PTH(3-34), [Nle8,18,Tyr34]PTH(1-34), and by PTH-related protein, indicating the presence of a single class of high-affinity (dissociation constant = 2-5 nM), low-capacity (maximum binding capacity, Bmax = 110-250 fmol/mg protein) binding site. The binding of radiolabeled PTH to these sites was not displaced by unrelated peptides of comparable molecular size (calcitonin, calcitonin-gene related peptide, adrenocorticotropin). The binding of PTH to these sites did not, however, appear to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity, as in peripheral PTH target sites. Thus, although these results indicate the presence of PTH receptors in the brain, these binding sites have a lower affinity than those in peripheral tissues and may utilize a different signal transduction system.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monitoring adenovirus infections with on-line and off-line methods.

Several known process monitoring methods were tested for their efficacy in the detection of adenovirus infections. The methods that we explored include several indirect indications of viral infections, including metabolic rate analysis, secondary gauges of respiration, cell size measurement, cell number and cell viability determination, and changes in capacitance. Direct indications of the adenovirus infection were also applied, including total viral particle and infectious particle measurements, as well as a flow cytometry method for detecting infected cells. All of the methods tested in the study provide some positive indication of an adenovirus infection. Many of the methods require repeated sampling, which may limit their utility in a manufacturing process. All of the indirect measures of viral infection may be limited by the fact that they do not uniquely identify an infection. The simplest monitoring methods appear to be detection of changes in respiration or the capacitance of the culture, both of which seem to provide a clear indication of an infection. Further work will be required to demonstrate that these indications are characteristic of only a successful and productive adenovirus infection.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The clinical pathology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.

Observations were made of 15 fatal and 35 nonfatal Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) infections diagnosed from February 1981 to March 1987 in Kimberly and Sandringham, Republic of South Africa. Following an incubation period of 2-9 days after exposure to infection, patients had a sudden onset of disease with fever, nausea, severe headache, and myalgia. Petechial rash and hemorrhagic signs such as epistaxis, hematemesis, and melena supervened on days 3-6 of illness. Deaths occurred on days 5-14 of illness. Patients with fatal infections had thrombocytopenia and markedly elevated levels of serum aspartate and alanine aminotransaminases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, lactic dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, bilirubin, creatinine, and urea. Total protein, albumin, fibrinogen, and hemoglobin levels were depressed. Values for prothrombin ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and fibrin degradation products were grossly elevated, findings that indicate the occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Many of the clinical pathologic changes were evident at an early stage of the disease and had a highly predictive value for fatal outcome of infection. Changes were present but less marked in nonfatal infections.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sell-out or saviour?

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Health Care Reform↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telemedicine in rural care. Part 1: Developing and evaluating a nurse-led initiative.

AIM: To develop and evaluate a nurse-led telemedicine service over a six-month period, linking the senior citizens of a rural village with the town-based general practice. METHOD: Patients, doctors and nurses were asked to complete a questionnaire following video-link sessions. Interviews were also carried out at home with patients, while interviews with nurses and doctors took place in the workplace. RESULTS: Of the 173 consultations with villagers aged over 65, 29 (17 per cent) were conducted by video-link. All those who used this service were sent questionnaires and 18 were returned (62 per cent). Seven of the patients who had received one video-link consultation were interviewed in their homes. All of the patients initially found the video consultation experience strange. Generally, patients found the nurses to have a pivotal role in explaining the service and interpreting their needs. All those interviewed said they would use the service again. The GPs spoke favourably of the service and said that it had saved them time. The nurses involved were positive about the service. Negative comments generally related to technology, for example picture and sound quality. CONCLUSION: All involved in the nurse-led telemedicine service viewed it favourably and patients said that they would use it again. Part two, to be published in next week's Nursing Standard, will discuss the findings of the evaluation in relation to the wider picture of nursing involvement in teleconsultation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telemedicine in rural care. Part 2: Assessing the wider issues.

BACKGROUND: The first article about this development (Macduff et al 2001) described the evolution of a nurse-led telemedicine service in the village of Hamlet (population 1,600), north-east Scotland, and presented the findings of an evaluation study. In this second article, those findings are discussed in relation to the wider picture of nursing involvement in teleconsultation. The village has no medical practice or pharmacy and the majority of Hamlet's residents aged over 65 are registered with the Bradieslea Road surgery, one of three general practices six miles away in the town of Bradieslea. The community nursing service is based in small rooms at a sheltered housing complex in the village. This service covers all patients in the Hamlet area. It is staffed by one full-time district nurse/health visitor (who acts as team leader) and one part-time district nurse. Both are qualified nurse prescribers. CONCLUSION: Opportunities now exist for nurses to use teleconsultation for the benefit of their patients. A systematic development of this type of nursing role through integration with broader service development would be valuable.

Aged↗