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Biomedical subjects

S Hart

Publications and source records attributed to S Hart.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cloning and expression of Rhodococcus genes encoding pigment production in Escherichia coli.

Pigment was produced by Escherichia coli cells carrying recombinant plasmids pNIL100, pNIL200 and pNIL400 containing DNA from Rhodococcus sp. E. coli cells containing pNIL100 or pNIL200 (with DNA inserts from Rhodococcus sp. JL10 and Rhodococcus sp. ATCC 21145 respectively) produced both blue and pink pigments, while cells containing pNIL400 (with a DNA insert from Rhodococcus sp. ATCC 21145) produced only pink pigment. Colonies of E. coli(pNIL100) and E. coli(pNIL200) were dark blue, whereas E. coli(pNIL400) colonies were pink. No pigment was detected in Streptomyces griseus transformants containing pNIL100, pNIL200 or pNIL400. Restriction endonuclease mapping indicated that the cloned DNA fragments were different. The pigment gene(s) in pNIL200 producing both the blue and pink pigments were contained within a 2.8 kb DNA fragment. The pigments produced by E. coli transformants containing pNIL200 were characterized by visible and UV spectroscopy. No similar pigments were detected in Rhodococcus sp. ATCC 21145.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1989

Abdominopelvic radiation for stage I-II ovarian cancer. The effect of grade on outcome.

The initial postoperative treatment of 31 patients with stage I-II ovarian cancer of epithelial origin, consisted of abdominopelvic radiotherapy. The 5-year survival was significantly better in stage I as compared to stage II (81.1% vs 36.3%). There was a consistent trend in both stages for better outcome in grades 1-2. This trend, however, reached statistical significance only for PFI. Most of the patients with recurrent disease had grade 3 tumors. While satisfactory treatment results may be achieved with postoperative radiotherapy for stage I-II tumors which are well or moderately differentiated, it is not recommended for undifferentiated tumors.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1988

Gut immunology in fish: a review.

During recent years considerable study has been made of the systemic immune system of fish, although less attention has been paid to local immunity at sites such as the gut, reproductive tract and skin. Recent work on the structure of gut-associated lymphoid tissue and other intestinal cell populations, the absorption of macromolecules from the intestinal lumen and the production of specific mucosal antibodies strongly suggests, however, that the gut of these lower vertebrates is immunocompetent. This review briefly deals with current concepts on the nature of gut-associated lymphoid tissues and other cell populations in the gut, intestinal and biliary immunoglobulin (Ig), antigen uptake and the significance of oral vaccination in the protection of commercially reared fish against infectious disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Language and dementia: a review.

In the literature on dementia the presence or absence of language deficits has come to occupy a pivotal position with respect to certain nosological and nosographical issues. These are reviewed critically, together with the results of experimental investigations which have sought to elucidate the nature of the language deficit(s) in patients with dementia, especially that of the Alzheimer type. Attention is drawn to important gaps in current knowledge and suggestions are made regarding the direction of future research.

Agraphia↗
PubMed1988

Word fluency in patients with early dementia of Alzheimer type.

The relative fluency with which 15 patients with Alzheimer-type dementia (DAT) retrieved words with specified first letters and belonging to semantically defined categories was assessed. Patients with DAT were always less fluent than controls but, like the 12 normal elderly subjects, they were more efficient in accessing words belonging to semantic categories. Their deficit in retrieving words with specified first letters was greater than that predicted on the basis of verbal intellectual ability. No differences in word fluency were detected in presenile and senile patients. These data support the conclusion that word fluency may prove useful in the detection of early dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Trends in splenectomy in the Trent region 1972-85.

During the period 1972-85, 3712 splenectomies were performed in the Trent region giving a mean splenectomy rate of 5.8 per 100,000 population per year. Of these, 37.4% were incidental to other surgical operations and 23.4% were as a result of trauma. During this period there was a marked reduction in the splenectomy rate in children aged under 10 years for trauma and for haematological diseases. No such reduction was observed in older patients for these indications. Splenectomy for lymphoma fell progressively after 1977.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Bacteraemia in adults after splenectomy or splenic irradiation.

Between 1980 and 1985 eight patients who had had splenectomy or were hyposplenic were admitted to University Hospital, Nottingham with pyrexia and bacteraemia. Three of these patients died from fulminant sepsis, and one patient who had meningitis was left with serious neurological sequelae. All eight patients had had splenectomy or splenic irradiation for haematological disease. Str. pneumoniae was the commonest infecting organism. There were 1579 other bacteraemic episodes seen at University Hospital, Nottingham during the same period.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ontogeny of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula L.

Cartilaginous fish occupy a fundamental position in vertebrate phylogeny and it is likely that this group has retained some of the ancestral immune mechanisms. The ontogeny of GALT has received little attention in elasmobranchs and this study correlates this development with morphological differentiation, development of other lymphoid organs, exposure to seawater and transition from yolk dependence to exogenous food as a source of nutrient. GALT was first represented by individual lymphocyte-like and macrophage-like cells in the lamina propria. In later stages accumulations and intraepithelial leucocytes were recorded prior to hatching. The size of accumulations and the number of lymphocyte and macrophage-like cells infiltrating the lamina propria and epithelium increased in fish as they became dependent upon an exogenous diet. Although GALT developed after the thymus and lymphoid-like tissue in the kidney and at approximately the same time as the epigonal, Leydig and spleen, the source of cells populating the gut is unknown. Plasma cells and granulocytes were not observed in the developing fish until 6 months post-hatch after which the fish had a similar GALT distribution and content to the adult fish.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Assessing intellectual deterioration.

Twenty patients fulfilling the clinical criteria of Alzheimer-type dementia were assessed on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), the Schonell Graded Word Reading Test (SGWRT) and the National Adult Reading Test (NART). Fifteen normal elderly control subjects were administered the WAIS and the NART. The regression equations of Nelson & McKenna (1975) and the tables of Nelson (1982) were used to estimate premorbid Full Scale IQ on the basis of WAIS Vocabulary subtest score and performance on each of the reading tests. The data were analysed in order to assess the relative utility of these methods, and of WAIS Verbal-Performance IQ discrepancy, in the assessment of intellectual deterioration. The data suggested that performance on the NART was the best indicator of premorbid level of functioning in terms of the size of predicted-obtained discrepancies.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Intrusion errors in Alzheimer's disease.

The Kendrick Object Learning Test (OLT) was used to study the incidence of intrusion errors in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although such errors constituted a higher proportion of the responses made by patients than by controls, suggestions in the literature that patients with AD show a propensity for prior-list intrusion errors were not supported.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Association of systemic immune complexes, complement activation, and antibodies to Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide and exotoxin A with mortality in cystic fibrosis.

The relevance of circulating immune complexes, plasma complement activation, and serum antibodies against discrete antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to the clinical course in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is unknown. We related these factors to outcome in 49 patients with CF colonized by P. aeruginosa, comparing 14 who died of lung disease with 35 survivors of similar age and duration of colonization, as well as 9 uncolonized patients with CF, 24 patients with other bronchorrheic lung disease, and 10 healthy control subjects. The patients with CF colonized by P. aeruginosa who died had a higher incidence of immune complexes than did survivors (71 versus 40%, p less than 0.05). Moreover, C4 activation was highly associated with immune complexes and mortality (p less than 0.001 for each). Those who died also had much higher levels of IgG antibodies to P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and exotoxin A than did survivors colonized by P. aeruginosa (p less than 0.005 and p = 0.01, respectively), whereas both groups had similar levels of P. aeruginosa sonicate, elastase, alkaline protease, and endotoxin core antibodies. We conclude that increasing levels of serum IgG antibodies to P. aeruginosa LPS and exotoxin A and the presence of systemic immune complexes and complement activation are associated with poor prognosis in CF, and may provide useful noninvasive markers for studying the possible immunopathogenesis of CF lung disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Dental caries and blood groups in South African blacks.

DMFT scores were determined in series of 1) urban Black adolescents (132 boys, 143 girls) aged 16-18 yr, and 2) rural Black mothers (480) aged 20-35 yr. Each series was divided into upper and lower thirds, with respect to DMFT. No relationship was apparent between segments with good versus inferior teeth, and blood groups.

ABO Blood-Group System↗