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Biomedical subjects

S Harada

Publications and source records attributed to S Harada.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Benadrostin, new inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, produced by actinomycetes. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.

Benadrostin, a new inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase was discovered in the fermentation broth of Streptomyces flavovirens MH499-O'F1. It was purified by chromatography followed by solvent extraction and then isolated as colorless prisms. Benadrostin has the molecular formula of C8H5NO4. It was competitive with the substrate, and the inhibition constant (Ki) was 34 microM.

Fermentation↗
PubMed1988

Nursing: a revenue center, not a cost center.

Given today's healthcare environment of increased and changing regulatory restrictions, cost containment and quality-of-care issues, as well as the nursing shortage and increased severity of illness of patients, an automated acuity system has immense value to both the nursing department and hospital administration.

Cost Allocation↗
PubMed1988

[Excretion of antibiotics into bile and urine in patients with external cholecystostomy done in order to treat obstructive jaundice].

Biliary and urinary concentrations and recoveries of 3 different antibiotics (piperacillin (PIPC), cefbuperazone (CBPZ) and cefoperazone (CPZ], after intravenous bolus injection were studied using the crossover method with external cholecystostomies done in order to treat obstructive jaundice due to complete obstruction of the lower biliary tract; the concentrations of antibiotics in bile and urine were determined by means of a high performance liquid chromatography method. Drug concentrations and recoveries in the bile after intravenous injection of these antibiotics were at levels in the order of CPZ greater than CBPZ greater than PIPC. Since our patients were inflicted with various malignancies which made them impaired in terms of biliary excretion of antibiotics, the concentrations of those drugs in the bile were lower than those previously reported by several investigators. However, CBPZ and CPZ showed sufficient levels of excretion into the bile and their amounts were high enough when compared to the value of MIC 80% reported recently against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which are known to be main pathogens of biliary system infections. The excretion of CPZ into the bile was invariably found to be 2 times or more as high as the other 2 drugs tested. Concentrations and recoveries of the 3 antibiotics excreted into urine were similar to the cefotaxime excretion, of which into urine had been reported to be excellent. Thus, CBPZ and CPZ appeared to be effective against biliary system infections, even with blockage of antibiotics excretion into the bile.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of sultamicillin fine granules in lower respiratory tract infection].

Sultamicillin (SBTPC) fine granules were given to 15 patients with respiratory tract infections at a dose of 375 mg 3 times a day. The results were excellent in 4 patients, good in 8, fair in 1 and poor in 2 with an efficacy rate of 80% which is comparable to that of SBTPC tablet (Unasyn tablet). One patient complained of difficulty in swallowing the drug probably due to its fine granular nature. No side effects nor abnormal laboratory test values due to this drug were observed in any of the patients enrolled in this study. From the above results, SBTPC fine granules seem to be useful in the treatment of pediatric and elderly patients who sometimes have difficulties in taking tablets.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Estimation of postmortem interval based on the third component of complement (C3) cleavage.

To estimate postmortem interval (PMI), the spontaneous conversion of the native third component of complement (C3) to its derived fragments in whole blood was studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. C3 cleavages in vitro at different temperatures showed that the incubation of whole blood at a higher temperature led to a faster conversion of beta 1C (native C3) to beta 1A (C3c). In cadaveric blood, we found a significant positive correlation between percentage of C3 cleavage and PMI. From these results, it is possible to estimate PMI from the ratios of C3 cleavage.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1988

Human leukocyte antigen in Sweet's syndrome and its relationship to Behçet's disease.

A 41-year-old man with Sweet's syndrome (SS) had symptoms similar to Behçet's disease (BD). To study the relationship of the two diseases, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing was performed on 28 patients with SS and 49 patients with BD. Of the 28 patients with SS, seven had BD symptoms. The frequencies of both HLA-B51 and -DQw3 were significantly higher in patients with BD. However, the frequencies of the two HLA antigens in the 28 patients with SS and the 21 patients with SS without BD symptoms were not significantly different from the controls. The frequency of HLA-Bw54 was significantly increased in both groups of patients with SS. Taken together, these data indicate that SS is a genetically distinct disease entity from BD, although their symptoms are similar and the incidence of SS among patients with BD is high in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of retinoic acid on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in HTLV-I-positive MT-4 cells.

The inhibitory effect of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication upon infection was studied quantitatively using a novel bioassay system with a HTLV-I-carrying human T-cell line, MT-4. The results can be summarized as follows. The appearance of HIV antigen was significantly reduced when the cells were treated with more than 1 microgram/ml of the chemical after infection. When HIV specific plaque assay was performed to titrate the virus from the supernatant of culture treated with 10 micrograms/ml of RA no plaques were observed. When RA was applied directly in the plaque assay, significant decrease of the number of plaques was discerned showing 68, 66, 47 and 16, at doses of 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 micrograms/ml of RA, while 102 plaques were formed in the control dish. The appearance of cytopathic effects of MT-4 cells by HIV was more delayed in RA-treated cultures than in untreated cultures. Concomitant treatment of the cells with 5 micrograms/ml of RA and various concentrations of suramin resulted in the more effective inhibition of HIV replication than suramin alone. RA did not inhibit the reverse transcriptase activity (RT) of HIV directly. These data suggest that RA inhibits HIV replication by inducing an antiviral state in the cells.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1987

Liver glutathione S-transferase polymorphism in Japanese and its pharmacogenetic importance.

A total of 168 autopsy liver extracts from Japanese individuals were examined for the glutathione S-transferase (GST) isozymes by means of starch gel electrophoresis. The gene frequencies of GST1*1, GST1*2, and GST1*0 in Japanese were 0.252, 0.057, and 0.691, respectively. GST1*3 was detected as a rare variant allele. The incidence of GST1 0 in 41 liver biopsy samples from patients suffering from various liver diseases was investigated using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing. The GST1 0 phenotype was found more frequently in livers with hepatitis and carcinoma than in control livers. The isozymes coded by different GST loci were partially purified and characterized to study their biochemical properties. The apparent Km values with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate for the isozymes at the GST1, GST2, GST3, and GST4 loci were 604, 1345, 776, and 591 microM, respectively.

Alleles↗
PubMed1987

Malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes with lymph node metastasis--a case report.

A case of malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes with metastasis in the interpectoral lymph node (Rotter's) is presented in this paper. To the author's best knowledge, this is the first case in Japan on this disease, with lymph node metastasis. Although the surgical management of the disease has not yet been standardized, radical or modified radical mastectomy is thought to be the appropriate procedure.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Clonal selection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): serological differences in the envelope antigens of the cloned viruses and HIV prototypes (HTLV-III B, LAV, and ARV).

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III B (HTLV-III B) derived from H9/HTLV-III cells was cloned by a plaque-forming assay. Cloned viruses showed different restriction cleavage patterns, suggesting that HTLV-III B is a mixture of several viruses. Using two different neutralization assay systems, we compared the envelope antigenicity of uncloned HTLV-III B, cloned viruses, lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV), and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated retrovirus (ARV). A diversity of viral envelope antigens was consistently found among the strains of these AIDS-related retroviruses. These results concur with the previous finding that genomic divergence of AIDS-related viruses is located mainly in the region of the viral envelope gene. Thus, this plaque assay is useful for the clonal analysis of the virus, which is essential for comparing the envelope antigen(s) of the virus.

Antibodies, Viral↗