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Biomedical subjects

S Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to S Hansen.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Presentation and diagnosis of patients with acute abdominal pain: comparisons between Leeds, U.K. and Akershus county, Norway.

Geographical variation in clinical presentation may be a key obstacle to accurate diagnosis of patients with acute abdominal pain. This paper studies two series of patients presenting to hospital with an "acute abdomen"; 552 patients from Leeds, England and 398 patients from Akershus, Norway. The causative disease patterns and detailed clinical presentation are compared and contrasted (where appropriate) with a larger series of 6,097 patients under study by the World Organisation of Gastroenterology. Finally, the report outlines the results of implementing automated (computer-aided) diagnostic systems both in Leeds and Akershus, and the effects of adopting a structured case history form for data-recording when the patient is first seen.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1979

Gamma-aminobutyric-acid deficiency in brain of schizophrenic patients.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (G.A.B.A.) was measured in the nucleus accumbens and thalamus of brains from patients who had died with schizophrenia or Huntington's chorea (H.C.) and from control subjects. Mean G.A.B.A. content was significantly reduced in both brain areas in schizophrenia and in H.C. Extraneous factors, such as age, interval from death to necropsy, cause of death, and drug use, did not readily explain the observed reduction in brain G.A.B.A. G.A.B.A. deficiency may be a biochemical characteristic of some forms of schizophrenia.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMed1979

Single fibre electromyographic jitter in multiple sclerosis.

Recent histological and electrophysiological reports have given evidence for peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement in multiple sclerosis. We have applied the single fibre electromyography (SFEMG) technique to 15 patients with multiple sclerosis. Six patients had clearly abnormal jitter and two of these had previously undiagnosed coexistent peripheral neuropathy. A further five patients had borderline abnormalities of SFEMG. The mean jitter for each patient was abnormal in 10 patients. This was clear evidence for PNS involvement in this disease. Theoretically, the site of the abnormality could be in the terminal nerve network or at the neuromuscular junction, but this technique cannot distinguish between these sites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Regeneration of sutured human peripheral nerves: an electrophysiological study.

Electrophysiological and clinical assessment of recovery of function was undertaken on 34 median and 33 ulnar nerve which had been resutured after complete section three and a half months to 24 years previously. An evaluation of different methods of repair was attempted. Our results suggested that re-exploration of the site of suture is indicated in the absence of voluntary activity on needle EMG by seven months (12 months for grafts), of an electrically evoked muscle action potential, measurable distal motor latency, or motor nerve conduction velocity by 10 months (14 months for grafts), or of clinically detectable voluntary muscle movement by 10 months after suture. By present techniques of repair useful prognostic information cannot be obtained by a consideration of sensory parameters either clinical or electrophysiological.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1979

Isoniazid therapy of Huntington disease.

We describe clinical and biochemical changes in seven patients with Huntington disease given isoniazid (INH) in dosages three to five greater than normally used in tuberculosis. Because INH inhibits the enzyme gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-T), and increases GABA content in the brains of experimental animals, it might correct the brain GABA deficiency characteristic of Huntington disease. Of six patients treated long enough to be clinically evaluated, one showed marked and two others showed signifciant improvement. High-dose INH therapy carries serious toxic risks, which are influenced by patients' acetylator phenotypes. Nevertheless, results are sufficiently promising to warrant further controlled trials of INH or other GABA-T inhibitors in Huntington disease.

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

Induction of sexual receptivity by oestradiol benzoate in cyclic female rats: influence of ovarian secretions before injection of oestradiol benzoate.

The ability of cyclic female rats to show sexual receptivity 24 h after an injection of 2 microgram oestradiol benzoate (OB) was lost 24 h after ovariectomy. Exposure of cyclic rats to antioestrogen (nitromophene monocitrate) implants 24 h before ovariectomy and OB treatment prevented the latter from inducing sexual receptivity within 24 h of administration. Treatment of ovariectomized rats with constant release implants filled with an oil solution of 15 microgram oestradiol/ml had no behavioural effect in itself, but prepared the rats to show lordosis 24 h after administration of OB. Progesterone treatment (4 mg) induced sexual behaviour in cyclic rats on days other than that of the oestrous cycle when the rats are normally receptive. Evidence is presented that a lower level of oestradiol stimulation than that present duing pro-oestrus was needed for the induction of sexual receptivity in ovariectomized rats. It is suggested that the low basal level of oestradiol which was present throughout the oestrous cycle was necessary for the induction of sexual receptivity and that an increase in oestradial stimulation served to increase the behavioural sensitivity to progesterone.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A sexually dimorphic rhythm in oestradiol-activated lordosis behaviour in the rat.

Ovariectomized rats exposed to constant plasma levels of oestradiol showed a daily rhythm in lordosis behaviour, with high levels of lordosis occurring during the dark portion of the daily light: darkness cycle and low levels during the light period. Similarly treated male rats failed to show a rhythm in lordosis behaviour. However, neonatal castration permitted the expression of the lordosis rhythm in male rats; conversely, an injection of 1.25 mg testosterone propionate on day 4 of life abolished the rhythm in female rats. Pinealectomy, adrenalectomy or depletion of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine levels did not affect the periodicity in lordosis behaviour but lesions in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus disrupted the rhythm. It is suggested that the daily rhythm in lordosis behaviour participates in the control of the termination of heat in the female rat and that the perinatal hormone milieu may exert permanent effects on periodic functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Protection of foreign DNA against host-controlled restriction in bacterial cells. I. protection of F' plasmid DNA by preinfection with bacteriophages T3 or T7.

Foreign F'lac plasmid DNA which is introduced into potentially restricting E. coli recipient cells can be protected from restriction by preinfecting the recipient cells with UV-inactivated T3 or T7 bacteriophages which express the ocr gene function. The recipient cells survive and are able to replicate themselves as well as the newly acquired plasmid.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1978

The development of sexual behavior in the rat: role of preadult nutrition and environmental conditions.

Rats were subjected to pre- and postnatal undernutrition by restricting the food intake of their mothers (U); another group of rats was normally fed (N). Each nutrition group was divided into 3 subgroups by varying the degree of environmental stimulation: animals in the Max group were stimulated by handling and enriched rearing conditions; the Min group rats were subjected to social isolation; rats in the control condition (C) were raised under ordinary laboratory conditions. The onset of sexual activity was not affected in the U-C male rats, but was delayed in both U-Min and N-Min rats. Although no difference existed in the age of puberty between the N-Max and N-C animals, the U-Max rats displayed an advancement of puberty by 7 days in comparison to the U-C rats. Undernutrition did not affect female sexual maturation; however the Max condition delayed this process in both nutrition groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The ocr gene function of bacterial viruses T3 and T7 prevents host-controlled modification.

On pre-infection of the host Escherichia coli B with u.v.-inactivated T3 or T7 phage able to express their early genes (like 0.3), B-specific modification of superinfecting, successfully multiplying viruses does not take place. The ocr gene function (gene 0.3) of T3 and T7 not only prevents host-specific DNA restriction but also modification, probably by inhibiting the same late step in the interaction between the restriction enzyme and DNA.

Coliphages↗