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Biomedical subjects

S Haas

Publications and source records attributed to S Haas.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Analysis of the proximal transcriptional element of the myelin basic protein gene.

The gene encoding myelin basic protein (MBP) contains multiple activator sequences spanning upstream of its transcriptional initiation site which differentially promote transcription in glial cells. The proximal activator sequence, designated MB1, activates transcription in a glial cell type specific manner. This sequence resides between -14 to -50 with respect to the RNA initiation site of the MBP gene. We have identified within the MB1 sequence a 10-nucleotide domain, 5'-ACCTTCAAAG-3', that increases transcription of a test promoter in glial and Schwann cells. This proximal motif functions in both orientations and specifically interacts with a nuclear protein derived from glial cells. Results of in vivo competition experiments indicate that this 10-nucleotide motif positively contributes to the overall transcriptional activity obtained from the entire MBP promoter in glial cells.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Prevention of venous thromboembolism after surgery: a review of enoxaparin.

This review discusses the problem of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after operation and identifies three levels of risk of DVT: low (less than 10 per cent), moderate (10-40 per cent) and high (40-80 per cent). Special emphasis is placed on the most recent prophylactic treatment, low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs), particularly enoxaparin. Several LMWHs are now available, but they differ slightly and each must be evaluated on its own merits. In general, however, LMWHs are both effective and safe in those patients at moderate or high risk of DVT. Thromboprophylaxis is cost effective when analysed using health-economic methodology.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Thromboembolic prophylaxis in total hip replacement: a comparison between the low molecular weight heparinoid Lomoparan and heparin-dihydroergotamine.

In a prospective, randomized, assessor-blind multicentre study two antithrombotic subcutaneous regimens were compared in patients undergoing total hip replacement. Group 1 (154 patients) received 750 anti-Xa units of a new low molecular weight heparinoid (Lomoparan) subcutaneously twice a day and group 2 (155 patients) received 5000 units heparin and 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine (heparin-DHE 5000) twice a day. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis, assessed by routine bilateral venography on day 10 (+/- 1), was 17 and 32 per cent in groups 1 and 2 respectively (risk reduction 47 per cent; P = 0.007). One patient in each group developed a symptomatic pulmonary embolism confirmed by lung scanning. Major bleeding complications occurred in one patient in each group and no significant difference was observed between the two groups with respect to minor bleeding complications. Subcutaneous Lomoparan appears to be as safe as heparin-DHE 5000 at the above doses with regard to bleeding complications, and is more efficacious with respect to venous thrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Prevention of deep vein thrombosis by low-molecular-weight heparin and dihydroergotamine in patients undergoing total hip replacement.

In 110 high-risk patients undergoing total hip replacement the antithrombotic efficacy and safety of a single daily injection of 1500 aPTT-U low-molecular-weight heparin plus 0.5 mg dihydroergotamine (Embolex) was, in a double-blind study, compared with a twice daily administration of 5000 IU of the heparin-dihydroergotamine combination Heparin-Dihydergot. Deep vein thrombosis diagnosed with phlebography occurred in 9.6% in the Embolex-group and in 25% in the Heparin-Dihydergot-group. Intra- and postoperative blood loss and blood replacement were similar in both groups. Therefore, and on account of the single daily administration, Embolex offers at least the advantage of improved compliance of the patients and reduced workload of the nursing staff.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Health systems and policy in the USA and in the United Kingdom: an overseas programme.

An international programme, especially in a developed country, dramatically increases a student's understanding of health care systems. Students from a university programme in the USA learn about the development and structure of the British National Health Service through lectures and discussion in the US and England, and through 2 weeks of experience in England which include working with community health nurses in a district health authority. Related special experiences are planned which may include interviews with nurses involved in policy development, education, administration and specialty areas. Each student identifies an interest to pursue independently from the perspective of community care. As the student participates in the programme, alternative ways to give familiar care challenge formerly held beliefs. Health care emerges as a dynamic system, one that responds to issues, effects policy, and influences the role of health care providers.

Chicago↗
PubMed1991

Study of a dose-dependent effect of the glycosaminoglycan polysulfate on various parameters of blood coagulation.

In a double-blind study the dose-dependent effect of 10, 20, 40, and 70 mg of SSHA was tested in volunteers. Whereas only a minor prolongation of the aPTT was noted, a clear anti-factor Xa effect was proven (method of Yin), as well as the release of lipoprotein lipase. In a subsequent study, 12 volunteers were treated daily with a dose of 40 mg for 11 days. On the first day of treatment a dosage of 40 mg SC was administered three times every 90 min. There was no cumulative effect with this dose and a clear plateau effect was recorded daily after each application. Repeated administration therefore results in an identical reproducible effect. Thus, no tachyphylaxis occurred under long-term treatment with 40 mg SSHA.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A double-blind multicentre study comparing remoxipride, controlled release formulation, with haloperidol in schizophrenia.

A double-blind multicentre study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of remoxipride in a controlled release (CR) formulation given once daily with haloperidol twice daily in patients with schizophrenic illness. In total, 114 patients were included. All were diagnosed as schizophrenic or schizophreniform according to DSM-III. Their mean daily dose of remoxipride CR during the last week of treatment was 385 mg. In the haloperidol group the corresponding dose was 17 mg per day. The intended study period was 4 weeks with at least a one-day washout. No significant differences were found between treatments regarding efficacy variables. The median total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score was 40 in the remoxipride CR group at start of treatment and 21 at last valid rating. For the haloperidol group the corresponding figures were 40 and 22. Treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms (Simpson and Angus rating) occurred statistically significantly more frequently and were more severe during haloperidol than during remoxipride CR treatment despite a statistically significantly higher concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs in the haloperidol group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Nuclear proteins in mouse brain cells bind specifically to the myelin basic protein regulatory region.

Expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in mice is regulated in a cell- and stage-specific manner during brain development. The MBP control region contains multiple cis-acting elements, shown by in vivo and in vitro assays, which are responsible for its unique pattern of transcription. Using synthetic DNA fragments spanning the MBP control region, we have analyzed nuclear proteins obtained from newborn (2-3 d), young adult (18-30 d), and adult (60 d) animals; these nuclear proteins form DNA-protein complexes with the MBP regulatory region. Brain extracts from young adult and adult mice showed enhanced binding activities with the sequences supporting transcriptional activation in glial cells. Deletion analysis of the proximal activating sequence located at position -14 to -50 with respect to the RNA initiation site resulted in identification of a small region, located between nucleotides -14 to -37, which is required for formation of the complexes. Southwestern assay revealed a major 39-kD protein from young adult brain extract that recognizes the sequences between nucleotides -14 to -37. An additional minor 37-kD protein, derived from young adult brain extract, was also found to be associated with this proximal activating region. Of particular interest is the observation that the minor 37-kD protein became more abundant in the extract derived from adult brain, whereas the major 39-kD protein became less abundant. The possible role of these proteins in cell/stage-specific transcription of MBP is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prevention of post-operative thromboembolism in general surgery with enoxaparin: preliminary findings.

On the basis of a global interim evaluation of 8738 patients in this large German multicentre trial, the efficacy and safety of enoxaparin were analysed in general surgical patients. Data from 194 hospitals were available for this interim evaluation. The general surgical procedures included abdominal, gynaecological (with the exception of mastectomy) and urological operations, lasting at least 30 min under general anaesthesia and/or spinal/peridural anaesthesia. All complications with an incidence greater than two per 1000 were documented, including: occurrence of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, which, in cases of clinical signs, were confirmed by objective techniques; bleeding, blood loss and transfusion requirements; changes in platelet count, haematology and transaminases; adverse drug reactions. The incidence of pulmonary embolism in thromboembolic prophylaxis with enoxaparin 20 mg, once daily, in patients undergoing general surgery was found to be 0.26%. With respect to the incidence of fatal (0.03%) and non-fatal (0.23%) pulmonary embolism, this interim evaluation shows a superiority of enoxaparin in the prevention of thromboembolic complications when compared retrospectively with trials using unfractionated heparin. The safety and tolerance following administration of enoxaparin 20 mg, once daily, were shown to be excellent (low incidence of injection haematomas and bleeding, no drug-induced thrombocytopenia, and low incidence of adverse drug reactions).

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Elevated thyroxine and free thyroxine in euthyroid patients: familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia.

An eleven year old male was evaluated because of persistent elevation of thyroxine levels and elevated thyroxine index calculated as "T7" but normal thyrotropin levels. The findings were demonstrated by thyroxine binding protein electrophoresis to be due to aberrant thyroxine binding to albumin. The abnormality was also documented in the patient's father. This entity, known as familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia, is being reported with increasing frequency and should be suspected when elevated total thyroxine and free thyroxine or "T7" levels are associated with a normal thyrotropin level. The case reported is somewhat unusual in that the triiodothyronine affinity of the aberrant protein appears to be more pronounced than usually reported with this syndrome and the corresponding total triiodothyronine level was significantly elevated.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Risk in elective cholecystectomy].

From 3/1982 to 12/1989 773 patient underwent an elective Cholezystectomy at the Surgical University Hospital of Ulm. In 87% of cases the indication was a symptomatic cholelithiasis, the mean age being 55.4 years for females and 56.6 years for males. Intraoperative complications were rare (2.8%) and of a technical nature. Postoperative morbidity was 15.2%. General disturbances occurred in 10.3% and were age-depended. Local postoperative problems (4.9%) did not show this age-dependent distribution. Residual stones were detected in 0.8% of cases; they were removed operatively or endoscopically or crushed by shock waves. 1.3% of patients had to be re-operated. In the age group under 70 years as well as over 70 years lethality was 0%. In 9 cases (1.16%) a gallbladder carcinoma was found incidentally during the operation. We think that elective cholecystectomy is a safe therapeutic procedure in gallbladder stone disease, which also considers the association of chronic cholelithiasis and gallbladder carcinoma.

Adolescent↗