Biomedical subjects

S Häfner

Publications and source records attributed to S Häfner.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Indications for inpatient psychotherapy. When does your patient belong in a clinic?].

Institutionalized psychotherapy is indicated for specific disorders, the treatment of which at certain times or phases cannot be implemented in the doctor's office. Further Indications are patient denial and lack of motivation, a need to remove the patient from a pathogenic environment, a need for outpatient treatment initiation, and, in selected patients, a crisis situation, when the symptoms become acute or when internistic reasons are present. When these positive indication criteria apply--apart from emergency and crisis situations--a mental and somatic pre-evaluation--best done by the admitting institution--should be part of the pre-diagnostic work-up.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Not Available].

Since the epoch-making publication of Sir Francis Galton, twin research has been an excellent method in order to assess the influence of nature and nurture. In this overview the history of twin research is described for the field of psychogenic disorders by the examples of diagnosis of zygosity, representativity of the sample, criminality, homosexuality and some disorders such as enuresis, obsessive-compulsive disorders and anorexia nervosa. Nowadays the modern methods of molecular genetics for diagnosis of zygosity offer new and overwhelming possibilities of twin research.

History↗

PubMed1997

Identification and characterization of a novel hsc70-like gene in the human lung tumor cell line HS24.

We determined the cDNA sequence and analyzed the genomic structure of a novel human gene designated HS24/p52, which shows significant similarity to the ATP-binding domain of stress-70 proteins in the human lung tumor cell line HS24. The 2,203-nucleotide-long cDNA sequence is divided into an incomplete 10-nucleotide 5' nontranslated region, a 1,425-nucleotide open reading frame which codes for 474 amino acids and a 768-nucleotide 3' nontranslated region. The first 404 of the deduced 474 amino acids resemble the amino-terminal regions of Hsp70 proteins from different species. Furthermore, single amino acid and short amino acid stretches, which are thought to be essential for the ATPase mechanism and ATP-binding activity in Hsp70 proteins, are conserved in this sequence, too. The carboxy-terminal 70 amino acids exhibit no significant similarity to hsp70 nor to any other known protein sequences. The HS24/p52 gene contains at least five introns, which differ significantly from hsc70 genes with regard to their size and location within the coding sequences. The total size of this gene is more than 15 kbp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments showed that this gene is expressed in different human cell lines and tissues and it also seems to be highly conserved between human and mouse.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Mechanism of inhibition of Raf-1 by protein kinase A.

The cytoplasmic Raf-1 kinase is essential for mitogenic signalling by growth factors, which couple to tyrosine kinases, and by tumor-promoting phorbol esters such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which activate protein kinase C (PKC). Signalling by the Raf-1 kinase can be blocked by activation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). The molecular mechanism of this inhibition is not precisely known but has been suggested to involve attenuation of Raf-1 binding to Ras. Using purified proteins, we show that in addition to weakening the interaction of Raf-1 with Ras, PKA can inhibit Raf-1 function directly via phosphorylation of the Raf-1 kinase domain. Phosphorylation by PKA interferes with the activation of Raf-1 by either PKC alpha or the tyrosine kinase Lck and even can downregulate the kinase activity of Raf-1 previously activated by PKC alpha or amino-terminal truncation. This type of inhibition can be dissociated from the ability of Raf-1 to associate with Ras, since (i) the isolated Raf-1 kinase domain, which lacks the Ras binding domain, is still susceptible to inhibition by PKA, (ii) phosphorylation of Raf-1 by PKC alpha alleviates the PKA-induced reduction of Ras binding but does not prevent the downregulation of Raf-1 kinase activity by PKA and (iii) cAMP agonists antagonize transformation by v-Raf, which is Ras independent.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed1994

[Georg Groddeck--father of psychosomatic medicine].

Life and work of Georg Groddeck (1866-1934), a nearly forgotten pioneer of psychosomatic medicine, are presented. Special emphasis is laid on the term "Es" and its impacts on putting forward psychoanalytic theories as well as the relationship to Sigmund Freud. The influence of Groddeck on the development of psychoanalysis and his friendship with Sándor Ferenczi are rendered prominent. Finally, the value of Groddeck's ideas for the future of psychosomatic medicine is discussed.

Germany↗

PubMed1983

Hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in children with chronic renal failure.

Delayed puberty in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) may be due to gonadal dysfunction, increased plasma binding of gonadal hormones, or changes of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis. Plasma androgens were studied in 17 prepubertal boys with preterminal CRF. In addition, the response of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH, FSH) to luteinizing-releasing hormone (LHRH) was followed in the plasma of these boys and of 12 prepubertal girls with CRF. Plasma testosterone (T) was significantly lower in the CRF boys than it was in the controls (mean, 9 vs. 22 ng/ml) and concerned also the free T fraction (2.5% in both groups). Dihydro-T was similarly reduced in CRF, resulting in a normal T/DHT ratio. Basal plasma LH levels were significantly elevated in boys (1.0 vs. 0.5 ng/ml) and in girls with CRF (1.4 vs. 0.4 ng/ml), whereas mean basal FSH values were similar to controls. After LHRH administration, peak levels of LH and FSH were not different in CRF and control children; however, the absolute differences from basal to peak values were lower in CRF. These findings may indicate that Leydig cell dysfunction in CRF already occurs before the onset of puberty. The blunted LH and FSH responses to LHRH suggest an additional disturbance at the hypothalamo-pituitary level.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

CSF pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in neurosurgical patients with an external ventriculostomy.

In 11 neurosurgical patients (seven women, four men, aged 22-73 years) undergoing external ventriculostomy, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime (CAZ) administered as a chemoprophylactic agent were evaluated. Concentrations of CAZ in CSF correlated significantly (p less than 0.05) with serum concentrations and with leucocyte counts in CSF. Peak concentrations in CSF (range 0-25.5 mg/l) exceeded the MIC90 of Staphylococcus species in two and of Pseudomonas and Enterobacter species in five of 11 patients. The MIC90 values of the other relevant bacteria causing CNS infections in these patients were surpassed in nine of 11 patients.

Adult↗