Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S H Johnson.
Today, authors can develop figures to illustrate their articles or books because of new computer graphics programs. However, some publication standards must be met in order for publishers to use the illustrations. This article describes current standards that will help authors develop high-quality figures.
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Most nursing journals use two or three reviewers to help the editor decide on acceptance or rejection. Although this helps give the editor a wide range of perspectives for making the acceptance decision, it sometimes results in confusion if reviewers' comments conflict rather than compliment each other. This article describes strategies reviewers can use to prevent this problem and editors and authors can use to deal with the conflicts when they occur.
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We summarize herein the clinical and pathophysiological features of antihypertensive withdrawal syndrome and its risk factors, management, and prevention. Antihypertensive withdrawal syndrome occurs most frequently with beta-blocking agents and centrally acting antihypertensives such as clonidine hydrochloride. This syndrome resembles a state of sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity. In the most critical case, it can be severe and life threatening. Antihypertensive dosages, particularly for beta-blockers and clonidine, should be tapered slowly rather than discontinued abruptly.
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Some reviewers place questions to the author in their manuscript reviews. These questions leave the author uncertain about what to do to revise the manuscript. Reviewers who provide clear directions, instead of posing questions, help the author revise the manuscript and assist the editor in obtaining a quality manuscript for publication. This article provides tips for reviewers and authors on writing or using comments on the manuscript.
Staff who are dissatisfied with current restructuring changes are not leaving in large numbers, at least not yet. But, in some settings their intent-to-leave may be high enough that increased turnover might be next. Monitoring the intent-to-leave now can help you reduce resignations later, when patient demand increases again.
Prospective writers are finding it harder to write than ever before. Fear of rejection is not the greatest problem any more; instead, the obstacle is finding the time and energy to write. This article describes the problems clinical authors are experiencing during this era of healthcare reform and timely strategies which can help.
While the number of nursing journals has increased, the amount of time nurses have to read has decreased. This leaves nurse readers in a dilemma of when to find time to read their publications. Many nurses put their publications aside when they receive them, hoping to get more time later. Today, the author and editor need to develop writing styles which assist the busy nursing leader to read and comprehend quickly. This author provides ten tips on writing for the busy reader.
The absorption of estradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate was investigated in a randomized single-blind, triple cross-over study, in 12 menopausal women, for four different HRT drugs (Klimaxil, a combination tablet containing 17 beta-estradiol 2 mg and medroxy-progesterone acetate 5 mg; Divina, a combination tablet containing 17 beta-estradiol valerate 2 mg and medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg; Trisequence, a triphasic preparation containing 17 beta-estradiol 2 mg in the first phase; Provera, a tablet containing medroxyprogesterone acetate 5 mg). Trisequence and Provera were ingested simultaneously. In conclusion, there was no statistically significant difference between the drugs with respect to the estradiol levels. The estrone concentration, however, differed between the different drugs. The serum concentration was higher after intake of tablets containing estradiol than after intake of tablets containing the valerate ester. There was a significant increase in the MPA levels between periods 1 and 3. Finally, Divina produced higher MPA concentrations than Klimaxil and the combination of Trisequence and Provera, although the mean AUC was not twice as high, as might have been expected.
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When you use the principles of hyphenation, you communicate your ideas clearly to the reader. By using hyphens correctly, authors can demonstrate their writing expertise to editorial board members. By commenting on hyphen problems during a review, board members can demonstrate their attention to detail to the author and editor.
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A bimanual technique for handling the nuclear quadrants created during "in situ fracture" or "divide-and-conquer" phacoemulsification after capsulorhexis is described. This technique involves lifting the sharp apex of each nuclear quadrant anteriorly, permitting centralization of the quadrant for emulsification. Complications and difficulties associated with other methods of nuclear quadrant handling, such as tumbling and use of high vacuum level settings, are avoided.
Ovoid intraocular lenses (IOLs) accounted for approximately 35% of the lenses implanted in 1991. Despite their popularity among surgeons, patient observations and complaints suggest that ovoid lenses are associated with undesired optical images postoperatively. A pilot clinical study was carried out to test that hypothesis. A multicentered investigation of 289 cases with well-centered IOLs determined that 45% of 168 patients with ovoid lenses observed unwanted optical phenomena at some time after surgery, whereas 17% of 121 patients with round IOLs had similar complaints. Based upon the preliminary clinical study a laboratory investigation was designed to assess optical performance differences between ovoid and round IOLs. One testing system used scatterometry and a second, ray tracing analysis. Both methods determined that the truncated, thickened edge of ovoid lenses was associated with significant light scattering, possibly accounting for the extraneous light images observed by some patients. The results of the clinical and laboratory investigations suggest that undesired optical images produced by ovoid IOLs are due to lens shape rather than to the reduced dimension of the optic.
A measurement system was designed to investigate longitudinal wave propagation through the lower extremity generated from foot strikes. The principal goal of the design was to eliminate measurement time lag and amplitude reduction, such that the acceleration measured by Skin Mounted Accelerometer--SMA is equal to the actual acceleration of the bone measured by Bone Mounted Accelerometer--BMA. For accurate dynamic measurement, it is important that the gain and phase of the measurement system are as close as possible to a constant and zero, respectively, for the frequency range being covered. An in vitro experiment was carried out to simultaneously measure skin and bone accelerations. The obtained information was used for identification of a linear spring/damper model representing the interface between the BMA and the SMA. The present work showed that the SMA overestimated the BMA by 12 percent in the signals between 15-30 Hz.