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Biomedical subjects

S H Curry

Publications and source records attributed to S H Curry.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Changes in reaction time and drug plasma concentrations after nitrazepam and glutethimide.

1 The effects of nitrazepam, glutethimide and placebo were assessed in a double-blind cross-over study with five healthy human subjects, using reaction time, and relating changes to drug concentrations in the plasma. 2 After glutethimide in all five subjects, and after nitrazepam in four subjects, larger doses led to higher concentrations in plasma and to greater changes in reaction time; one subject displayed the higher nitrazepam concentrations and the greater effect following the smaller dose. 3 The relationship between change in reaction time and concentration appeared to be mainly a within-subject dose-effect relationship, with the peak concentration in plasma as the 'dose' and the area under the reaction time curve as the effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Behavioural and pharmacokinetic studies in the monkey (Macaca mulatta) with diazepam, nordiazepam and related 1,4-benzodiazepines.

1. Behavioural activity (delayed differentiation and spatial delayed alternation) and pharmacokinetics of diazepam and its metabolites, N-desmethyldiazepam (nordiazepam), 3-hydroxydiazepam (temazepam) and 3-hydroxy-N-desmethyldiazepam (oxazepam), and of dipotassium clorazepate (clorazepate), were studied in the monkey (Macaca mulatta). Diazepam and its metabolites (1.8 and 3.0 mg/kg) and clorazepate (2.6 and 4.3 mg/kg) were given by intraperitoneal injection. 2. Hydroxylation of diazepam (temazepam and oxazepam) led to a loss of, or a considerable reduction in, behavioural activity, whereas activity was preserved, though modified, by demethylation (nordiazepam). It was not possible to establish change in behaviour at specific time intervals after clorazepate, but combined performance data revealed an effect. 3. The maximum mean plasma concentrations of diazepam, temazepam, oxazepam and clorazepate were observed at 0.5 h, and the maximum mean plasma concentration of nordiazepam was observed at 1 hour. Plasma concentrations of nordiazepam were the highest and decreased monoexponentially. Plasma concenqrations of the other drugs declined rapidly at first but more slowly later, and these data were analysed as biexponential models. In the analysis for metabolites, nordiazepam reached measurable levels after the injection of diazepam and clorazepate. 4. It is suggested that differences in the effects of closely related benzodiazepines may not be due solely to their plasma pharmacokinetic properties, but may arise from differences in their intrinsic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Clorazepate: double blind crossover comparison of a single nightly dose with diazepam thrice daily in anxiety.

In a double blind cross-over study in 40 patients with mild to moderate anxiety, clorazepate 15 mg at bedtime was as effective as diazepam on global rating and slightly superior on target symptom assessment. There was a significantly higher incidence and frequency of side effects during diazepam treatment. Occurrence of side effect related to plasma diazepam, and anxiolytic effect related to plasma nordiazepam. These results are discussed in relation to convenience of the single dose regimen and psychomotor performance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Methods for study of fluphenazine kinetics in man.

Fluphenazine and its principal metabolites, fluphenazine sulphoxide, and 7-hydroxyfluphenazine were identified and quantified in human plasma, urine and faeces following intramuscular and oral administration of 14C-fluphenazine dihydrochloride. The presence of a conjugate fraction was also noted. Unmetabolized fluphenazine was selectively extracted into n-heptane. The metabolites were separated by solvent extraction into toluene. Conjugates were hydrolysed back to fluphenazine, fluphenazne sulphoxide and 7-hydroxyfluphenazine. Fluphenazine and fluphenazine conjugates were also measured in the urine of patients receiving long term non-radioactive fluphenazine decanoate therapy. The urinary excretion rate of the conjugate fraction was systematically related to the plasma concentration, regardless of urine flow rate or pH, providing a convenient method for the assessment of fluphenazine kinetics by urinary excretion studies not involving administration of labelled drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Disposition of disodium cromoglycate administered in three particle sizes.

1 Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was administered in three particle sizes to five human subjects. 2 Urinary excretion of DSCG, as a proportion of the dose, was highest following small particles; the lower values recorded following intermediate-sized and large particles were similar. 3 DSCG deposited in the mouth was highest following large particles; the lower values recorded following intermediate-sized and small particles were similar. 4 The data were examined in relation to the recent observation that the protective effect of small particles of DSCG is dramatically superior to that of large particles.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Assay of 7-hydroxychlorpromazine, and failure to detect more than small quantities, in plasma of responding schizophrenics.

A method for the assay of 7-hydroxychlorpromazine in biological fluids is described. The stages of the method are extraction into ether, back extraction into acid, alkalinisation and further extraction into ether, evaporation of the extract to dryness, and gas-chromatography of the extracted material as a silylated derivative using conditions previously described for chlorpromazine. The method is applicable to certain other hydroxylated chlorpromazines, but it is not superior to existing methods for the assay of nonhydroxylated analogues. Only small quantities of 7-hydroxychlorpromazine were detected in the plasma of schizophrenics showing a satisfactory clinical response, even when the compound was present in urine, providing strong evidence that the presence of 7-hydroxychlorpromazine in blood is not a pre-requisite of successful therapy.

Animals↗