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Biomedical subjects

S Gur

Publications and source records attributed to S Gur.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Survival in marriage in the paraplegic couple: psychological study.

In the study of sexual functions and marital relations in 16 couples involving a normal female and a paraplegic male, married following the injury, it was found that a major source of dissatisfaction on the part of the wives was their inability to become pregnant and bear children. Sexual relations were surprisingly of secondary importance. Common in all 16 couples was the almost total lack of knowledge on the part of the woman about the man's sexual capabilities and the effect of his injury on fertility. Premarital counselling seems to be of primary importance in assuring the survival of such marriages. It may be useful to suggest they have premarital experience. Later, counselling should include the importance and advantages of artificial insemination donor treatment as a solution to infertility.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contrast sensitivity and the near point of accommodation after work with a visual display unit.

After several hours of work with a visual display unit (VDU), operators become myopic for a short time. Such transient myopia may be evaluated by measuring contrast sensitivity to a modulated grating pattern. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there are any accumulative myopic effects after 1 day of VDU work. We examined grating contrast sensitivity in a group of 13 full-time workers and in 13 office employees who used VDUs only sporadically. The results, which were compared with the near point of accommodation, clearly illustrated that there is no decrease in contrast sensitivity. In the VDU group the decrease in the near point of accommodation was uniformly distributed between zero and 1.0 diopter, whereas among the non-VDU workers 77% of the decrease was between zero and 0.25 diopter. We conclude that the myopic changes in the refractive status of operators after VDU work are not evident in a decrease in contrast sensitivity. However, in VDU workers the dynamic range of accommodation was smaller, suggesting that the visual fatigue and visual stress that developed at work hindered visual activities after work.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Training in oculomotor tracking: occupational health aspects.

Smooth pursuit and optokinetic nystagmus were repeatedly examined in nine patients who sustained hemilateral brain injury. The follow-up period extended over several months of the in-hospital rehabilitation phase. Five of the patients were trained for 3-10 weeks to improve tracking responses using a biofeedback technique; the remaining four patients were not trained and served as a control group. In all patients in the first group gain responses improved and the recovery time constant increased at a rate higher than that in the untrained group. We suggest that our training procedure can be extended to other types of patients with impaired smooth pursuit tracking and may also benefit workers in need of good tracking performance.

Biofeedback, Psychology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Model of coupled or dissociated eye-head coordination.

Tight coupling between eye and head movements have been observed in response to a single visual target offset or a single flash. On this basis, when the visual stimulus consists of two successive steps or flashes in the same (horizontal) direction, either increasing in eccentricity or decreasing in eccentricity, gaze should be due to concomitant eye and head angular displacement. The main findings were that in response to increasing eccentricity stimulus, the majority of the gaze movement had a staircase pattern, and to decreasing eccentricity stimulus, a pulse-step pattern. Some responses were one gaze movement to the final target (or flash) offset. In all these responses, eye and head were tightly coupled. In some cases, however, in response to two flashes or two successive steps decreasing in eccentricity, the initial eye and head movements were dissociated: eye and head were directed to different offsets. Current eye-head models assume a strong coupling between the head displacement and the eye saccade. We have modified the Laurutis and Robinson model to accommodate the new findings of saccade-VOR cooperation and eye-head dissociated responses. we suggest that when gaze falls short of the target offset, the retinal error signal is not only fed to the saccadic system but also partially suppresses the VOR gain control. This allows for "corrective VOR" movements after the gaze saccade has occurred.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗