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Biomedical subjects

S Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S Gupta.

At least 1,567 records · Page 87Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Immunological analysis in familial common variable immunodeficiency.

Immunological and genetic studies were performed in nine members from three generations of the family of a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). Two additional symptomatic members (mother and grandmother) had CVI. Among other six asymptomatic members, two had CVI and one had selective IgA deficiency. The proportions of monoclonal antibody defined total T cells (Leu 1+), helper phenotype (Leu 3+) suppressor phenotype (Leu 2+) T cells, natural killer cells (Leu 7+) and surface Ig+ B cells and proliferative response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) were comparable to controls. Addition of purified interleukin-2 (IL-2) resulted in augmentation of PHA-induced proliferation of T lymphocytes similar to that seen in the controls, however with IL-2 freshly isolated T cells in the absence of PHA demonstrated markedly increased proliferative response, suggesting the presence of in vivo activated T cells. Study of HLA phenotype did not reveal any linkage. This study demonstrates the genetic nature, possibly autosomal dominant inheritance, of common variable immunodeficiency; however the immunodeficiency is not linked to any specific HLA antigen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Retroperitoneal urogenital ridge transitional cell carcinoma.

A rare case of retroperitoneal transitional cell carcinoma arising from primitive urogenital remnants is described in a 50-year-old female. The patient had a 15 X 12 cm firm to cystic mass in the left iliac fossa which was markedly adherent to retroperitoneal structures and which could not be excised. Biopsy from the mass revealed transitional cell papillary carcinoma. Intravenous pyelogram and cystoscopy were normal. Cystogram done postoperatively did not show any communication with any adult organ. Radiotherapy resulted in only partial regression, and the patient died about 2 years later.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1983

Gastroscopic cytology and biopsies in diagnosis of gastric malignancies.

The outcome in gastric malignancy has changed in recent years owing to its early and accurate diagnosis employing fiber-optic endoscopy and histocytology. One hundred and two subjects with endoscopic demonstration of various gastric lesions were subjected for brush cytology and multiple biopsies. Observing a high degree of specificity, the accuracy of brush cytology was 81% and histology 72% with cumulative diagnostic yield of 91%. There was no false-positive report with cytology; histology, however, gave three false-positive results. The present study thus confirms the high diagnostic accuracy of brush cytology combined with multiple biopsies in gastric malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Malignant hemangiopericytoma of the gallbladder.

A rare case of malignant hemangiopericytoma in the gallbladder is described perhaps for the first time in the literature. Areas of necrosis, mitotic activity within the tumor, and the presence of metastases in the regional lymph nodes and right ovary suggest an aggressive behavior of the tumor and poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Serum copper in carcinoma of cervix uteri as an indicator of successful radiotherapy.

Serum copper levels (SCL) have been done in 106 patients of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and in 15 cases of local recurrences. The mean SCL has been significantly elevated in them in comparison to controls (P less than 0.001). The SCL falls to near normal range following successful therapy. There is a trend to elevation in SCL as the disease progresses. Mean SCL is unrelated to the various morphologic types of squamous cell carcinoma. SCL when compared with clinical radiation response (CRR) show that good CRR has highest mean difference of pre- and posttreatment value in comparison to moderate and poor CRR. It appears that highest SCL is associated with advanced disease and poorest prognosis. The estimation of SCL can be used as a check parameter of recurrence and as a prognostic tool in the management of carcinoma of the cervix uteri.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

Autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in man. IV. Decreased autologous mixed lymphocyte culture response in patients with common variable immunodeficiency.

The autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) was studied in 18 patients with common variable immunodeficiency. The AMLR was decreased in 10 of 18 (55%) patients with common variable immunodeficiency compared to healthy controls. In allogeneic MLR, T cells from patients were found to be poor responders, and non-T cells poor stimulators, compared to allogeneic MLR between healthy normal controls. In allogeneic MLR, B cells (B cells + null cells) from patients were poor stimulators, whereas macrophages stimulated normally compared to controls. The deficient AMLR could be one of the mechanisms responsible for the increased risk of autoimmune phenomena in a subset of patients with primary immunodeficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Lymphocyte transformation induced by autologous cells. XV. Xenoantigens are not required for the proliferative response observed in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction.

The autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction is the proliferative response of T cells cultured with autologous non-T cells. This reaction has been described as being immunological in nature, i.e., possessing memory and specificity. The generation of T cells with regulatory and effector function has also been reported during the course of this reaction. More recently it has been reported that the proliferative response observed is due to the exposure of T cells to xenoantigens used in separating T and non-T cells. We have found that the presence of antigens such as sheep erythrocytes and fetal calf serum is not required for the induction of proliferation in T cells by autologous non-T cells, although exposure to such antigens may augment [3H]thymidine incorporation. In certain individuals who are sensitized to these xenogeneic antigens, the proliferative response of their lymphocytes in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction is very greatly enhanced if exposed to xenoantigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Patients surviving 10 years of hemodialysis.

Experience with 37 patients surviving 10 years of hemodialysis therapy was reviewed. These patients were compared with 103 patients who began hemodialysis between 1967 and 1971 and who subsequently died. Males had an excess risk of death. Patients with polycystic kidneys survived longer. There was more uncontrolled hypertension among a control group than in 10-year survivors. In survivors, the hematocrit level increased over time and averaged 30.4 percent at 10 years. Over 10 years, many complications arose including parathyroidectomy (24), pericarditis (13), gastrointestinal bleeding (11), myocardial infarction (10), septicemia (eight), and active tuberculosis (six). Despite complications, most patients are now stable. Between their eighth and 10th years they required an average of only one hospitalization with a mean stay of 9.7 days. Eighteen patients were not hospitalized. Excluding housewives, 67 percent of patients between ages 20 and 59 years are employed full-time and 10 percent part-time. Patients surviving 10 years are not progressively deteriorating and may look to the future with cautious optimism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

High-performance cation-exchange chromatography of proteins.

Approximately one-third of all proteins reported in the literature have a pI sufficiently high to be resolved by cation-exchange chromatography. This paper reports the preparation and use of new high-performance polymeric-bonded-phase cation-exchange columns. Starting from a very stable, covalently bonded polyamide coating on microparticulate silica, simple derivatization produces a versatile cation-exchange material useful for separations traditionally performed on classical carboxymethylated soft gel supports. Column behavior was monitored using chymotrypsinogen, cytochrome c, and lysozyme as standards. The polymeric bonded phase was stable to pH 2.5 and exhibits enhanced selectivity for proteins due to a slight hydrophobic character of the matrix. Several separations of biological interest that demonstrate the utility of these small cation-exchange columns for modern biochemical separations are shown.

Bacitracin↗
PubMed1983

Effect of phenolic compounds on in vivo activity of transaminases in certain tissues of the fish, Notopterus notopterus.

Chronic effects of phenol (P), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) individually and in three combinations, viz. (PCP + DNP)/P (highly antagonistic), (DNP + P)/PCP (additive), and (P + DNP)/PCP (highly synergistic) on in vivo activity of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in brain, liver, kidney, and gills of Notopterus notopterus were studied at subacute levels (1/10, 1/15, and 1/20 of 96-hr LC50) following exposure for 15 and 30 days. Significant stimulation in activity of GOT and GPT was observed in all the tissues at different concentrations of phenolic compounds after both the time intervals. However, stimulation in activity of both GOT and GPT was maximum (140.67% in GOT, 142.68% in GPT) in liver at 1/10 concentration of the (P + DNP)/PCP combination after 30 days, but minimum in gills, in case of GOT (17.29%) at 1/20 of P after 15 days and in case of GPT (7.68%) at 1/20 of the (PCP + DNP)/P combination after 30 days. Stimulatory effect of phenolic compounds on the activity of these enzymes indicates possibly the increased conversion of amino acids into keto acids and vice versa, thus resulting in the disturbance of protein metabolism.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1983

Effects of phenolic compounds on 5-nucleotidase activity in some tissues of Notopterus notopterus (Pallas): a biochemical study.

In the present study, effects of phenol (P), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) individually, and in three combinations viz., (PCP + DNP)/P (highly antagonistic), (DNP + P)/PCP (additive) and (P + DNP)/PCP (highly synergistic) at three sublethal levels (1/10, 1/15, and 1/20 fractions of 96 h LC50) on 5-nucleotidase activity have been studied in brain, liver, kidney and gills of a freshwater teleost, Notopterus notopterus. The results indicate that 5-nucleotidase activity was inhibited significantly (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.01; P less than 0.001) in these tissues at most of the concentrations after 15 and 30 days of exposure. However, significant stimulation (P less than 0.05) of this enzyme was also notice in kidney at 1/20 of P, and (PCP + DNP)/P combination after 15 days of exposure. Inhibition of this enzyme in tissues possibly represents the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, while stimulation of the enzyme indicates that the concerned phenolic compounds might be inducing the cells of the kidney to produce more of this enzyme.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1983

Comparative activity of anticestode drugs--praziquantel, niclosamide and Compound 77-6, against Hymenolepis nana.

The activity, in terms of speed of action, of three anticestode drugs against Hymenolepis nana, both in vivo and in vitro, was investigated. Praziquantel was most effective in vivo, but had little action on adult worms and cysticercoids in vitro. Niclosamide, the least effective in vivo, was highly toxic in vitro. Compound 77-6 killed adult worms and cysticercoids in vitro in 10 min and 15 min respectively at 1000 micrograms/ml of drug concentration, but its in vivo effect was intermediate between that of praziquantel and niclosamide.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in man. VII. Autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in patients with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.

The proliferative response of T lymphocyte cultured with autologous non-T lymphocyte is known as the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). In AMLR, both helper and suppressor functions are generated. In this investigation we have examined T cell proliferative responses in AMLR in 12 patients with bronchial asthma, 10 patients with allergic rhinitis, and 10 patients with atopic dermatitis and compared that with simultaneously studied healthy controls. Our data show that the T cell proliferation in AMLR in patients with bronchial asthma is significantly higher than that of healthy normals. However, AMLR response in patients with allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis is comparable to controls. Mechanisms for increased AMLR in patients with bronchial asthma are discussed.

Asthma↗