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Biomedical subjects

S Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S Gupta.

At least 1,459 records · Page 81Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Augmentation of natural killer cytotoxicity by alpha or gamma natural and recombinant interferons and interferon inducers. Effect of monocytes.

We investigated the effect of human peripheral blood monocytes on the augmentation of natural killer cytotoxicity by alpha or gamma natural and recombinant interferons (IFN) and certain interferon inducers. We observed that: (1) in the majority of the donors examined (75%) human peripheral blood monocytes do not affect natural killer cytotoxicity, determined by a 4-hour chromium-51 release assay, against target cells from hemopoietic human tumor cell lines. (2) Monocytes are not required and do not affect the augmentation of natural killer cytotoxicity by Escherichia coli-derived IFN-gamma, natural human IFN-gamma, E. Coli-derived IFN-alpha 2 or natural human IFN-alpha. E. Coli-derived IFN-gamma and natural human IFN-gamma have been reported to activate monocyte cytotoxicity determined in 72-hour assay. (3) Monocytes are not required for the augmentation of natural killer cytotoxicity against target cells from hemopoietic tumor cell lines by polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid or staphylococcal enterotoxin A.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1986

Cyclosporin A reverses vincristine and daunorubicin resistance in acute lymphatic leukemia in vitro.

The development of drug resistance by tumor cells is a major obstacle to the cure of human malignancy. Cyclosporin A (CsA) completely reverses primary resistance to vincristine and cross resistance to daunorubicin in a pleiotropic drug-resistant subline of human T cell acute lymphatic leukemia. This subline is over 50-fold resistant to vincristine and fivefold resistant to daunorubicin. CsA has little effect on vincristine or daunorubicin activity in drug-sensitive parental leukemia and corrects daunorubicin resistance without altering cellular daunorubicin accumulation.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1986

Perceived speed of time and task affect.

Task satisfaction is hypothesized to be a function of the perceived speed of time passage while performing a task. Perceived speed of time passage is manipulated both as an internal state (arousal) and as an environmental context (pattern of background rhythm). The results of an experiment (N = 80) support the hypothesis and are interpreted through an implicit model of task satisfaction, i.e., events that seem to occur quickly are perceived as pleasing. The theoretical implications of the findings are contrasted with other frameworks of explanation of task satisfaction.

Arousal↗
PubMed1986

Multiparameter immunologic studies in patients with newly diagnosed type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus were examined for the proportion of monoclonal antibody-defined T-cell subsets, natural killer (NK) cells, and macrophages and the proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) and allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The in vitro response of purified IL-2 on PHA- and PWM-induced proliferative response was also examined. Total T cells (Leu 1+), helper/inducer phenotype (Leu 3+) T cells, suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype (Leu 2+) T cells, surface Ig+ B lymphocytes and monoclonal antibody-defined monocytes (Mac +) in patient group were comparable to the control group. The Leu 7+ NK cells were, however significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased in the diabetic group. The NK function was also deficient in the diabetic group when compared to healthy non-diabetic controls. The proliferative responses to all 3 concentrations of PHA, PWM, and Con A, and in the MLR were similar in 2 groups. However, the proliferative response in the AMLR was significantly reduced (p less than 0.05) in the diabetic group. Exogenous purified IL-2 failed to induce any enhancement in the PHA- and PWM-induced proliferative response; this was in contrast to control group in which IL-2 enhanced proliferative response to both mitogens. This study demonstrates deficiency of the AMLR, Leu 7+ and of natural killer cell function and unresponsiveness of mitogen-activated T cells to purified IL-2. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Observations on rat spleen reticulum during the development of syngeneic hepatocellular implants.

August rat hepatocytes isolated by collagenase perfusion were implanted directly into the spleens of syngeneic recipients. Graft development was monitored by a combination of staining techniques and when surviving hepatocytes were difficult to recognize by routine histology, indirect immunofluorescence permitted their rapid identification. Liver cells were found up to 21 months after transplantation, thus confirming the ability of the spleen to support hepatocellular grafts. The reticular framework of the spleen appears to play an important role. The reticulum mesh of the red pulp traps injected cells and there is rapid generation of reticulum fibres around them within 4 days. The subsequent proliferation and organization of liver cells into recognizable hepatic plates, glandular rosettes and acini was accompanied by the development of a rich and distinctive reticular scaffold with a pattern resembling that of regenerating splenic tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Acute myopericarditis in influenza A infection.

Heart disease is a recognised complication of influenza. We report a unique case in which myopericarditis and collapse due to acute influenza A infection was associated with pericardial effusion and tamponade. In addition, the patient had myositis and pleurisy. Emergency pericardiocentesis and inotropic drugs were needed but recovery was complete.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Serum ferritin in acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Ferritin has been linked to a variety of immunosuppressive effects on cell-mediated immunity. Therefore, serum ferritin was measured by radioimmunoassay in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), AIDS-related complex (ARC) and healthy heterosexual men. 13 of 15 patients with AIDS and 4 of 15 with ARC had ferritin levels greater than 300 micrograms/dl. This study suggests that the levels of serum ferritin increase with the progression of immune deficiency and might play a role in the pathogenesis of cell-mediated immune deficiency in AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Budd-Chiari syndrome: long-term survival and factors affecting mortality.

Eighteen patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome were studied over a 20 year period to determine the pattern of initial mortality and long-term survival. There were eight early deaths, two due to malignancy, two following surgery, three due to hepatic failure or portal hypertension and one due to septicaemia. The initial high mortality diminished after the first three years and actuarial analysis of survival showed that nearly 50 per cent were alive after five years. The presence of bleeding oesophageal varices indicated poor prognosis. Patients with functioning intrahepatic collaterals seemed to have a longer survival. Many of the surviving patients are leading normal lives with well-controlled symptoms. The prognosis of patients with chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome who survive the initial years of the illness may be better than previously believed.

Actuarial Analysis↗