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Biomedical subjects

S Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S Gupta.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Spermicidal efficacy of H2-receptor antagonists and potentiation with 2', 4'-dichlorobenzamil hydrochloride: role of intrasperm Ca2+.

The present investigation was designed to study the possible role of intrasperm Ca(2+) in spermicidal action of H(2)-receptor antagonists. Influence of commonly used H(2)-receptor antagonists cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine on sperm viability and intrasperm Ca(2+) was evaluated in ejaculated human semen samples. All these drugs were found to reduce sperm viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This action was accompanied with elevation of intrasperm Ca(2+). 2', 4'-dichlorobenzamil hydrochloride (DBZ), a Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange inhibitor, that is known to elevate intrasperm Ca(2+), potentiated the spermicidal action of H(2)-receptor antagonists. Intrasperm Ca(2+) was found to rise at much faster rate when DBZ was combined with any of the three H(2)-receptor antagonists. Due to this, the maximum Ca(2+) level required to produce death of sperm cells was attained much earlier as compared to the per se effect of any one of these drugs. These results suggest that elevation of intrasperm Ca(2+) by H(2)-receptor antagonists plays a key role in influencing sperm viability.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Effects of combined exposure to lead and cadmium on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis function in proestrous rats.

The effects of lead and cadmium on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis were studied in proestrous rats. Adult female rats were treated intraperitonially with either lead acetate and cadmium acetate alone or in combination at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg daily for 15 days. Serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) levels decreased in individually and combined metal treated groups whereas dopamine (DA) levels were decreased only in the cadmium-exposed group. The pituitary levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were decreased significantly in cadmium and combined treatment groups. In contrast, lead exposure failed to cause any change in serum LH and FSH levels, whereas cadmium and combined treatments showed significant decrease in serum LH and FSH levels as compared with control. The accumulation of both metals increased in the hypothalamus and pituitary after treatment. These data suggest that the metal accumulation disrupts the regulatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis where the effects produced by the combined treatment of metals are not additive.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Increased spontaneous, tumor necrosis factor receptor- and CD95 (Fas)-mediated apoptosis in cord blood T-cell subsets from Turner's syndrome.

Increased spontaneous as well as TNF-alpha-induced and CD95-mediated apoptosis were observed in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from the cord blood of a patient with Turner's syndrome as compared to normal cord blood. Increased apoptosis was associated with an increased expression of TNFR-1, TNFR-2, and CD95L and decreased expression of cIAP1 and FLIP(L). No significant difference was observed in the expression of Bcl-2 family members (Bcl-2, Bax) between Turner's syndrome cord blood and normal cord blood lymphocytes. This study demonstrates that increased apoptosis of T-cell subsets in Turner's syndrome occurs via the death receptor pathway and may play a role in the pathogenesis of immunological defects associated with Turner's syndrome.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2003

Primary malignant melanoma of uterine cervix: a rare entity diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology--report of a case.

Primary malignant melanoma of uterine cervix is a rare neoplasm. Its diagnosis on cervical fine needle aspiration cytology, a first of its kind in the literature, has been reported. Although cervix is a rare site for melanoma, cytopathologists should be familiar with it and be able to diagnose this entity on cervical cytology when pigment containing tumour cells are present. In a patient with visible growth on cervix, fine needle aspiration cytology may prove to be a useful diagnostic tool, especially when cervical smear/scrape cytology is non-diagnostic.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Evaluation of emergency dermatological consultations in a tertiary care centre in North India.

INTRODUCTION: The nature of dermatological consultations in an emergency setting has not been studied in detail. AIM: To evaluate the reasons and the nature of emergency dermatological consultations at a tertiary care centre in India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred consecutive emergency calls received over a period of four months from the emergency outpatient department were included in the analysis. The details of all the patients along with their clinical diagnosis were recorded in a proforma. In order to evaluate the reasons for emergency calls they were divided into four categories; Category I comprised of primarily dermatological disorders without any systemic involvement, Category II included III consisted of primarily systemic disorders with related cutaneous lesions and in Category IV systemic diseases with unrelated cutaneous findings were included. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients, 63 were males and 37 were females. The number of calls in categories I-IV was 57, 9, 7 and 27 respectively. Infections (32) constituted the most common dermatological presentations, followed by drug reactions (27). Only 21 were true dermatological emergencies. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis and management of common skin diseases should be stressed during the training of physicians in emergency medicine.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Lymphangioma circumscriptum of the penis mimicking venereal lesions.

Lymphangioma circumscriptum (LC) involving the penis is rare. We report two patients with penile LC. The lesions developed in early infancy in one patient, and during puberty in the other. The lesions resembled molluscum contagiosum in one and genital warts in the other. The first patient was previously treated with a diagnosis of venereal disease. A literature search found only 4 LC patients with penile lesions reported in the English literature. These cases are presented for their rarity, and to increase diagnostic vigilance and desirability of non-intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Dose dependent hypoglycemic effect of aqueous extract of Enicostemma littorale blume in alloxan induced diabetic rats.

Previous studies in our lab had confirmed the blood glucose lowering effect of E. littorale Blume in alloxan induced diabetic rats with no change in normoglycemic control rats. Present paper deals with dose dependent (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 g dry plant equivalent extract/100 g body wt., p.o.) blood glucose lowering effect of aqueous extract of E. littorale Blume in alloxan induced diabetic rats. The effective dose was found to be 1.5 g dry plant equivalent extract/100 g body wt.. The above dose caused significant decrease in glycosylated haemoglobin, liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity and significant increase in serum insulin levels of the diabetic rats. No significant changes were observed in the toxicity parameters of extract treated diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control rats. The above results suggest that E. littorale is a potent antidiabetic agent without any toxic effect at this particular dose (1.5 g dry plant equivalent extract/100 g body wt.).

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2003

Potassium iodide remains the most effective therapy for cutaneous sporotrichosis.

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous fungal infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. Itraconazole has largely replaced older therapies, but we present a case of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis that failed to respond to an adequate course of itraconazole yet responded dramatically to treatment with saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI).

Administration, Topical↗