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Biomedical subjects

S Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S Gupta.

At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Immune response following surgical trauma.

In this brief review a description of changes in specific immune response with regard to surgical trauma is presented. The effect of anesthesia on these responses appears to be minimal. The mechanisms underlying functional abnormalities include serum inhibitory factors, suppressor monocytes, deficiency of lymphocyte-monocyte-associated fibronectin, and deficiency of IL-2 production. The factor of stress should be taken into consideration when interpreting the effect of surgery, because stress is known to influence various immune responses. The reason for various discrepancies among investigators appear to be due to technical differences, type of surgery, duration of surgery, temperature at which surgery was done (both hypothermia and hyperthermia modify the immune response), blood or plasma infusion (they appear to activate T-cells in vivo), underlying disease, and baseline immunologic status (for example, patients with malignancy with depressed preoperative immunologic status might be more or less susceptible to the effects of surgical trauma), nutritional status, drugs used, etc. Quantitative analysis should be done using monoclonal antibodies and FACS. In none of the studies published was FACS used. More detailed studies are required to understand non-T- and non-B-cell and macrophage functions in patients undergoing surgical trauma. Specific antibody responses should be studied to explain the high frequency of sepsis in the postoperative period.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1987

Results of penetrating keratoplasty with cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in Fuchs' dystrophy.

Combined procedure was performed in 25 eyes and triple procedure in 32 eyes of Fuchs' dystrophy. Pre-operative visual acuity was 20/100 or less in 63.2% of eyes. The graft was clear in 76% of combined procedure and in 97% of triple procedure eyes. Post-operative visual acuity of 20/40 or better was obtained in 57.9% of eyes. The common cause of graft failure was allograft reaction. The other causes attributable to visual failure were opacification of posterior capsule, secondary glaucoma, macular degeneration and pre-existing glaucomatous cupping. Intraocular lens insertion at the time of surgery helps in rapid visual rehabilitation.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Demonstration of focal hyperemia in acute cerebral infarction with iodine-123 iodoamphetamine.

Focal hyperemia is known to occur in regions of acute cerebral infarction. Presented here are two cases in which SPECT images with 125I-labeled iodoamphetamine demonstrated focal areas of increased tracer concentration associated with cerebral infarction. These results may have important implications regarding the physiology of iodoamphetamine in cerebral infarction and, in particular, whether the distribution of this tracer is related to regional blood flow in this setting. In addition, interpretation of iodoamphetamine images in cerebral infarction should include consideration of this finding.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Altered K+ channel expression in abnormal T lymphocytes from mice with the lpr gene mutation.

The observation that voltage-dependent K+ channels are required for activation of human T lymphocytes suggests that pathological conditions involving abnormal mitogen responses might be reflected in ion channel abnormalities. Gigaohm seal techniques were used to study T cells from MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr mice; these mice develop generalized lymphoproliferation of functionally and phenotypically abnormal T cells and a disease resembling human systemic lupus erythematosus. The number and predominant type of K+ channels in T cells from these mice differ dramatically from those in T cells from control strains and a congenic strain lacking the lpr gene locus. Thus an abnormal pattern of ion channel expression has now been associated with a genetic defect in cells of the immune system.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Human serum does contain a high molecular weight hepatocyte growth factor: studies pre- and post-hepatic resection.

Levels of a high molecular weight hepatotrophin were measured in human serum taken from patients before and 24 hours after undergoing major hepatic resection. In in-vitro rat hepatocyte cultures a 'hepatotrophin' enriched fraction of human serum induced the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA in both pre and post-operative patients. Levels after hepatic resection were 2-3 fold higher than those achieved at the same protein concentration before operation in the same patient. The hepatotrophic factor had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 150,000 daltons, and was an anionic protein.

DNA↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis and anthelmintic activity of 2,2'-disubstituted 5,5'-dibenzimidazolylsulfides and sulfones.

A number of substituted diphenylsulfides and sulfones (4-11) and 2,2'-disubstituted-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl sulfides and sulphones (12-19) have been synthesized starting from 5-chloro-2-nitroacetanilide and (3) 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (9), respectively. Among the compounds tested against Ancylostoma ceylanicum in hamsters and Hymenolepis nana in rats and mice, 14, 15, 18 and 19 removed 100% of the worms at an oral dose of 25 mg/kg X 1 to 250 mg/kg X 3. Some of the compounds were tested for their blood schizontocidal activity against Plasmodium berghei in mice but none showed any activity up to an oral dose of 10 mg/kg given for 6 days.

Ancylostomatoidea↗
PubMed1986

Cell surface antigens in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

The ABH isoantigen was investigated in 80 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and in their 46 affected lymph nodes. Isoantigen deletion shows a characteristic pattern of benign to malignant transformation of oral cancer. Total loss of isoantigen was found in anaplastic tumours, in metastatic lymph nodes and in the majority of advanced stage tumours. Total loss of isoantigen in metastatic lymph nodes indicates a frequent discharge of isoantigen-negative metastatic cells from the primary tumours to the lymph nodes and the regional organs. It seems that with the recent techniques a prospective observation of ABH isoantigen added to other pathological and clinical findings could be of prognostic significance in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

ABO Blood-Group System↗