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Biomedical subjects

S Gray

Publications and source records attributed to S Gray.

176 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Serogroup W135 meningococcal disease in Hajj pilgrims.

An outbreak of W135 meningococcal disease occurred in the spring of 2000 among pilgrims returning from Saudi Arabia and their contacts. Clinical isolates from England and France were examined and compared with reference strains from other countries. Characterisation of isolates by a range of typing methods showed them to be of clonal origin (ET-37) and closely related to other meningococci with an established propensity to cause disease clusters. A reappraisal of vaccination strategies for travellers is required.

Disease Outbreaks↗
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Otolaryngologic manifestations of chronic granulomatous disease.

Patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) have a greatly increased incidence of infection, particularly in the region of the head and neck. For this reason the health care team treating the patient with CGD often includes an otolaryngologist. Because the disease process is associated with an altered host defense mechanism, standard medical and surgical plans must often be modified. In this paper, a representative case is presented illustrating the symptoms, clinical course, and therapeutic regimen of a typical patient. The necessity for aggressive treatment is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The aging voice: a review, treatment data and familial and genetic perspectives.

This paper will provide a review of aspects of vocal aging within the context of general body aging and describe two data sets related to the aging voice. Data will be presented which document pre- to posttreatment improvement in select voice characteristics (sound pressure level, subglottal air pressure, thyroarytenoid laryngeal muscle activity and voice quality) following application of an intensive voice treatment program (the LSVT) to 3 individuals with aged voice. Additionally, physiological data (forced expiratory volume, visual accommodation, bone density, taste discrimination, white blood count and resting heart rate) and select perceptual (perceived age) and acoustic measures (reflecting both cycle-to-cycle and longer-term intensity and frequency stability) from 67 subjects will be reviewed from the work of Gray and colleagues to document the differential impact of the global aging process across organ systems including the aging voice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adjunctive measures for successful laryngotracheal reconstruction.

The field of reconstructive surgery of the laryngotracheal complex has been the object of considerable enthusiasm in recent years. New surgical techniques, better surgical tools, and improved diagnostic skills all have contributed to a more confident approach to severe laryngotracheal stenosis. Just as the surgeon's judgment is crucial for a successful primary laryngotracheal reconstruction, so are his or her skill and judgment vitally important in managing the various problems that frequently are found following reconstructive surgery of the larynx and trachea. These problems, although seemingly minor, may prevent successful decannulation if not managed appropriately. This paper discusses the various problems that have been encountered while achieving decannulation following laryngotracheal reconstruction. An approach to such frustrating problems as suprastomal collapse, granulation tissue, and the inability to decannulate are presented.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histologic investigation of hyperphonated canine vocal cords.

Vocal cord injury and its effect on the larynx are topics of considerable importance, yet a clear understanding of acute vocal cord injury from excessive phonation remains elusive. The inability to develop an animal model for vocal abuse has hampered research in this area. This project describes the development of a canine model for acute vocal cord injury from excessive phonation. The method of phonation consisted of a humidified, temperature-controlled, constant flow of air delivered subglottally by an external compressor. A small group of dogs underwent phonation for 2 and 4 hours. Vocal cord injury is described using histologic techniques. Damage to the vocal cords, other than hemorrhage (rare in dogs) and edema, proved to be too elusive for routine microscopy. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed extensive surface damage with destruction and loss of the surface microridges and premature desquamation of the vocal cord squamous epithelium. Injury extended to the lamina propria, where the collagen fibers were detached from the basement membrane.

Animals↗
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Transfusion hazards--room for improvement.

This report from the Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) Scheme emphasises the importance of rigorous checking procedures to ensure that transfusions are safe.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Guidelines for administering blood and blood components.

The Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) scheme has revealed that many patients have received incorrect blood or blood component. This article reports new national guidelines for ordering, administering and managing blood, blood components and blood transfusion.

Blood Banks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of Methaqualone overdose with resin hemoperfusion.

We recently utilized the technique of resin hemoperfusion (employing an Amberlite XAD-4 resin cartridge) to remove drug from a patient i deep coma after an estimated ingestion of greater than 4.5 grams of methaqualone. At plasma flow rates of 204 ml/min, the mean value for plasma clearance of methaqualone was 179 ml/min. The amount of methaqualone recovered from the cartridge at the end of the 10-hour procedure was 1,565 mg measured by gas chromatography. The patient became responsive to deep pain by the end of the procedure. The only complication encountered was a transient decrease in the formed blood elements. The present study verifies that a large, pharmacologically significance quantity of methaqualone can be removed in a short time using resin hemoperfusion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast cancer. Role of the research nurse.

The research nurse in the breast cancer genetics field is a relatively new specialism. This paper explores the role of such a post, including the care of patients at clinics for women at high risk of developing breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗