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S Graff-Iversen

Publications and source records attributed to S Graff-Iversen.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Social network, alcohol drinking habits and injuries caused by violence among women and men in the county of Akershus. Results from anonymous questionnaires among persons aged 40-42 years. 1990-91].

All residents aged 40-42 in Akershus county were invited to screening for cardiovascular risk factors in 1990-91 as part of a prevention programme. Of the 13,607 attendants, 8,960 answered an anonymous questionnaire about social network, drinking habits, and injuries due to violence. Compared with data from the Central Bureau of Statistics, our material included a high percentage of persons with a higher education, a high percentage of married persons, and a low percentage of persons living alone. Results in respect of social network and drinking habits roughly agreed with those of other studies. Of the males, 15.7% had been injured at least once as a result of violence, most often assault and robbery. Of the females, the corresponding percentage was 18.1. Here the dominating forms of violence were maltreatment, threats and sexual assault. Females were more often exposed than males to repeated violence and more often suffered persisting problems as a result of maltreatment. Compared with other studies, we found a high prevalence of injuries from violence among females, suggesting underreporting of experiences of violence by females in studies based on personal interview or the hospitals' injury register.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Risk factors and mortality of myocardial infarction in Kristiansund, Alesund and Molde].

We have examined mortality from ischaemic heart disease, prevalence of self-reported coronary heart disease and risk factor levels in three towns (Kristiansund, Alesund and Molde) in the county of Møre og Romsdal. The results for mortality were based on vital statistics for the age group 40-69 years, for the periods 1966-76 and 1977-87. Risk factor data and data on self-reported coronary heart disease for the age groups 40-42 years and 65-67 years were obtained from a health screening survey conducted in the county in 1990. According to the official statistics, the towns share important socio-economic characteristics, but Kristiansund is thought to have stronger roots in the coastal culture, with a historically economic basis in fishery and shipbuilding. We observed substantial differences between the three towns, both as regards risk factor levels and mortality from ischaemic heart disease. By far the highest mortality rates were found in Kristiansund, both for men and for women. A similar gradient existed for the levels of main risk factors, including serum cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and prevalence of smokers. We discuss the implications of these findings for prevention strategies.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Why do women still smoke while men quit?].

Norwegian men have reduced their rates of daily smoking, while the overall rate of smoking among women has remained unchanged for the last 15 years. The prevalence of smoking among adolescent girls has declined. Highly educated women are less likely to smoke, compared with women with lower education. Some groups of Norwegian women, however, are maintaining their smoking habits. We discuss possible explanations of the remaining high rates of smoking among women, and suggest strategies to improve the smoking cessation rate among women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adults. A treatment program 1991].

A Norwegian programme for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adults was published in 1988. In 1990 the Norwegian Medical Association appointed a group to modify this programme in the light of current knowledge, and taking into consideration the recommendations of the Consensus Conference on Cholesterol of October 1989. The present article presents this modified programme. When evaluating the risk of developing coronary heart disease a combined risk score should be calculated which also takes into account important risk factors other than cholesterol, such as family history, sex, age, smoking, hypertension, presence of diabetes etc. For those considered to be at high risk of developing coronary heart disease, the programme gives guidelines on how to intervene. With regard to treatment, special emphasis is placed on changing the diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cardiovascular screenings in Norwegian counties. Trends in risk pattern during the period 1985-90 among persons aged 40-42 in 4 counties].

In 1985-90, two screenings for cardiovascular disease risk factors were carried out with an interval of three years in four Norwegian counties. All residents aged 40-42 were invited to both screening rounds, and certain subgroups from the first round were re-invited to the second round. Compared with the score attained by the first generation, the total mean risk score for myocardial infarction achieved by the second generation was 19% lower in males, and 15.5% lower in females. The main cause of this reduction was lower serum cholesterol level. Based on results from the subgroups, the estimated mean risk score for the total male cohort from the first round had decreased by 10% at the rescreening three years later. It is concluded that the results indicate a continued, and perhaps accelerated, decrease in coronary heart disease mortality, as new generations populate the age groups where this disease is more prevalent. The screenings were part of a prevention programme, and it is reasonable to assume that the efforts by the primary health care services contributed to the improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Prevention of cardiovascular diseases in Rissa].

In 1986 the National Health Screening Service conducted cardiovascular risk factor screening of women and men aged 40-42 in Sør-Trøndelag county. In one of the municipalities, Rissa, the level of serum cholesterol was high (7.10 mmol/l in men and 6.64 mmol/l in women), as was the total coronary heart disease risk level. The local health authorities launched a health education programme which included population strategy efforts and a high risk intervention programme conducted by the primary health services. Screening of the next generation of women and men aged 40-42 three years later (in 1989) revealed highly significant lower serum cholesterol levels in both sexes (5.83 mmol/l in men and 5.55 mmol/l in women), and significant lower systolic blood pressure in men. Smoking habits had not changed significantly from the first to the second generation. For men, total coronary heart disease risk level was less than one half the level three years earlier. The attendance rate was high, between 80 and 90%, at both examinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The role of the male partner in contraception and the decision for abortion. A questionnaire study among women applying for abortion and their male partners].

Over a period of 12 months, 96 women who sought legal abortion and 52 of their male partners answered a questionnaire about contraception and abortion. Almost none of them had wanted a pregnancy from the start. Nevertheless two thirds had not used any contraceptives, mainly because they thought the chance of pregnancy was very small. Many stated that they had intended to use a condom, yet they did not do so. The majority of the women told their male partner about the pregnancy as soon as they knew of it themselves. A quarter of the women and about half of the men stated that both partners agreed that she should choose abortion. Two fifths of the women and about half of the men said that the woman's decision weighed most heavily. Many of the women said that the attitude of the partner to the pregnancy was important for their choice. Half of the women, however said that they would have chosen an abortion independent of the attitude of their partner.

Abortion Applicants↗
PubMed1989

[Cholesterol as a risk factor of coronary disease in women].

The literature indicates that total serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease in women. But women are at lower risk than men at all levels of total serum cholesterol. Women with serum cholesterol 7-8 mmol/l are at lower risk than men with a cholesterol level between 5 and 6 mmol/l. Low HDL-cholesterol is probably more important as risk factor in women than in men. Women's relative protection is explained, at least partly, by women's estrogen associated higher HDL-cholesterol. Women with coronary heart disease, female diabetics, women older than 50 years, and women with familiar hypercholesterolemia should receive intervention for hypercholesterolemia just like men of the same age. Younger women should follow the dietary advice given to the population. But the limit for more advanced intervention should be higher for women under 50 years than for men of the same age.

Adult↗