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Biomedical subjects

S Goto

Publications and source records attributed to S Goto.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Intracranial metastasis of choriocarcinoma. A clinicopathologic study.

In an attempt to improve the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial metastases of choriocarcinoma, the authors carried out a clinicopathologic investigation of 36 patients with choriocarcinoma metastasized in the brain. Analysis on the autopsy findings of 30 cases with documented intracranial metastases of choriocarcinoma proved neurosurgical resectability in most cases. After initiation of the clinical use of dactinomycin in 1965, 5 of 10 patients in the surgically treated group, and 1 of 17 in the group without surgery, survived for more than 6 months after development of neurologic symptoms. Intracranial metastases of choriocarcinoma should be treated as follows: (1) if symptoms of increased intracranial pressure progress to a life-threatening situation, removal of tumor or, at least, decompression should be immediately performed; (2) multidrug chemotherapy supplemented by whole-brain irradiation should be started within several days after surgery; and (3) if symptoms are not present, chemotherapy combined with irradiation is the first treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A fluorescein angiographic study on carbon disulfide retinopathy among workers in viscose rayon factories.

In order to clarify the pathogenesis of carbon disulfide retinopathy, fluorescein fundus angiograms were analyzed for 143 workers exposed to CS2 and 40 unexposed workers (reference) from viscose rayon factories. Retinal abnormalities, characterized by saccular microaneurysms, ellipsoidal microaneurysms and loop formation of small vessels, and atrophic/degenerative changes of pigmentary epithelium, were found in workers exposed to CS2. Saccular microaneurysms were found in 45.5% of the CS2 workers and 7.5% of the reference workers (P less than 0.05). Ellipsoidal microaneurysms or loop formation were found in 14.0% of the CS2 workers and 5.0% of the reference workers. Atrophic/degenerative changes of the pigmentary epithelium were found in 32.9% of the CS2 workers and 15.0% of the reference workers (P less than 0.05). Significant correlations were found between the prevalence of these retinal abnormalities and the CS2 exposure index.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Platelet function in bilateral acute retinal necrosis.

We tested platelet function in seven patients (four men and three women, ranging in age from 26 to 57 years) with bilateral acute retinal necrosis. Hyperaggregation was detected in six of the seven. Antiplatelet therapy (aspirin, 500 mg/day) together with corticosteroids or other drugs produced satisfactory results. Despite administration of antiplatelet drugs, two retinal detachments developed; both were surgically repaired. A lower dosage of antiplatelet agents in one case and late administration of it in another were thought to have caused the retinal detachments. After the acute stage was over or the retina was reattached, there were no further recurrences during a follow-up period of more than one year.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Codon recognition fidelity of ribosomes at the first and second positions does not decrease during aging.

We have developed a novel method to examine the translational fidelity of mammalian ribosomes in vitro, where protamine mRNA was used as a template. This method enabled us to determine frequency of misrecognition of purine bases at the second position of arginine codons (AGR/AAR) in the mRNA. Using this method the fidelity of translation of ribosomes derived from mouse livers was found to remain unchanged from 2 to 29 months, the maximum life span of the animal. This conclusion is not consistent with the "error catastrophe" theory of aging. This is the first report in which translational fidelity of ribosomes of animals of various ages has been compared by an in vitro translation of a natural mRNA.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

mRNA population in the liver, kidney and brain of young and senescent mice: analysis of in vitro translation products.

Possible alterations in the population of poly(A)(+)mRNA during ageing were investigated by translation in vitro of poly(A)(+)mRNA from the liver, kidney and brain of male ddY mice of different ages. [35S]Methionine-labeled translation products were analysed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by fluorography. A protein product with a molecular weight of 30 000 and isoelectric point of 6.5 was reproducibly observed only in the fluorograms of translation products of poly(A)(+)mRNA derived from the livers of senescent mice (24.5 months old). However, no age-related change was detected in the translation products of the kidney and brain. These results suggest that gene expression in liver cells changes at the level of the population of cytoplasmic poly(A)(+)mRNA during ageing.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

A case comparison study of carbon disulfide retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy using fluorescein fundus angiography.

To clarify the pathological difference of retinal changes between carbon disulfide (CS2) and diabetic retinopathies, fluorescein fundus angiograms of 92 workers with CS2 retinopathy (Group I) were compared with those of 37 cases with diabetic retinopathy (Group II) and 40 workers who had not been exposed to CS2 (Group III). The results were: 1) Ellipsoid or loop-shaped microaneurysms were observed in 25% of Group I, and in 5% of Groups II and III. 2) Fluorescein leakage from vessels was observed in Group II, but not in Groups I and III. 3) An avascular area of the retina was observed in Groups I and II. The avascular area in CS2 retinopathy was small and local and showed no tendency of enlarging. 4) Atrophic/degenerative changes of the pigmentary epithelium were observed in 40% of Group I, 11% of Group II and 15% of Group III.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of environmental temperature on the content of cytochrome P-450 and activity of NADPH-cytochrome C reductase in rats.

The effect of environmental temperature on the content of cytochrome P-450 or the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-cytochrome c (NADPH-cytochrome c) reductase was examined by using microsomes prepared from rats kept at 30 degrees C or 15 degrees C for 14 d. The warm exposure (30 degrees C for 14 d) resulted in a significant reduction of the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase though the content of cytochrome P-450 was not changed. The level of thyroxine and 3,3',5-triiodothyronine was reduced by the warm exposure. From the present observation, it was suggested that the effect of environmental temperature on the metabolism of drugs was due to the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase mediated by the level of thyroid hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of diuretics and hypoglycemic sulfonylureas in rabbit erythrocytes.

The distribution of three sulfonylureas and six diuretics in rabbit erythrocytes was studied in vitro at 37 degrees C. The drugs were taken up by the erythrocyte compartment, and distribution equilibrium was reached within 60 min of incubation. A distribution percentage in erythrocyte compartment was maintained at roughly constant value over the whole concentration range of drugs. Therefore, a linear relationship was established between total concentrations of drug in whole blood or erythrocyte suspension and in the erythrocyte compartment. Bovine serum albumin combined with the erythrocyte suspension appeared to reduce drug distribution in the erythrocyte compartment. Whole blood obtained from renal failure rabbits showed greater distribution of drug in the erythrocyte compartment compared with the whole blood of a normal rabbit. This might be due to a change in plasma protein binding ability related to the progress of renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

Influence of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene on the metabolism of aminopyrine in isolated hepatocyte system.

The effect of phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) on the metabolic behavior of aminopyrine (AM) was studied using an isolated hepatocyte system prepared from male Wistar rats. The formation of 4-formylaminoantipyrine (FAA) was increased after pretreatment with PB, but not 3-MC. However, the total amounts of AM and its main metabolites recovered from hepatocyte system after the incubation for 30 min were considerably reduced both by PB and 3-MC-pretreatment. Furthermore, when using 4-monomethylaminoantipyrine (MAA), the first metabolite of AM, as a substrate, 3-MC-pretreatment resulted in a more significant decrease in the total amounts of MAA and its further metabolites recovered than did PB. Present observation suggests the participation of cytochrome P-448 as well as cytochrome P-450 in the metabolism of AM.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1983

Further investigations on brain distribution of hydrazine and its gamma-aminobutyric acid elevating effect in rats.

Perry's hypothesis that hydrazine (Hz) derived from isoniazid (INH) treatment plays an important role in the elevation of brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels was reexamined by measuring Hz and GABA levels in the brain after the treatment with 50 mg/kg of INH or different doses of Hz. The treatment with 50 mg/kg of INH to rats resulted in the elevation of GABA levels in rat whole brain. The maximum levels of GABA increased about twice at 4 h from 2.06 +/- 0.4 mumol/g wet wt. in the control group to 3.61 +/- 0.4 mumol/g wet wt. in INH treated group. In this case, brain levels of Hz ranged from 25.6 to 80.8 ng/g wet wt. within 10 h. On the other hand, Hz levels after the treatment with 0.5 mg/kg of Hz were about five times higher than those after INH treatment. However, 0.5 mg/kg of Hz treatment did not increase brain GABA levels at all. Perry's hypothesis was denied by the fact that brain Hz levels after INH treatment were too low to elevate brain GABA levels.

Animals↗