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Biomedical subjects

S Goto

Publications and source records attributed to S Goto.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Activated charcoal diminishes the lot difference of fetal bovine sera in erythroid colony formation of human bone marrow cells.

Using normal bone marrow as target cells, we assayed the colony-forming efficiency of early and late erythroid progenitor cells and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells using several different lots of fetal bovine serum (FBS). There was a marked difference in the ability of these sera to support colony formation, particularly in erythroid colony assays. When adsorbed by activated charcoal, all these sera supported erythroid colony formation more efficiently than before adsorption. There was no significant effect of charcoal adsorption of FBS on granulocyte-macrophage colony formation. Gel-filtration study showed that charcoal adsorption diminished low-molecular-weight fractions by less than 5000 Da. The inhibitory activity of this fraction was heat labile and Pronase sensitive. Concentrated samples obtained from these fractions inhibited erythroid colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that low-molecular-weight inhibitors that are relatively specific to erythropoiesis play a critical role in the lot differences of FBS for erythroid colony formation.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1988

Role of the cephalosporinase gene in the resistance of the clinically isolated cephem-resistant Escherichia coli.

A small number of highly cephem-resistant strains was found in extensive susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli to the new cephalosporin derivatives. The cephem-resistance of these clinical isolates appeared to be due to the increased cephalosporinase activities. To clarify the mechanism of the resistance, we cloned the cephalosporinase genes from two typical cephem-resistant clinical isolates as well as from an E. coli K-12 strain. The following two lines of evidence indicated that the cephem-resistance resulted from hyper production of the cephalosporinase due to the up-mutation of the regulatory sequence of the cephalosporinase gene. 1) Reciprocal exchange of the regulatory sequence including a short segment of N-terminal coding sequence and the rest of the coding sequence between the cephalosporinase genes from E. coli K-12 and the cephem-resistant clinical isolate showed that the higher cephalosporinase activity was accompanied by the regulatory sequence of the cephalosporinase gene from the clinical isolate. 2) The promoter activities of the cephalosporinase genes were determined by cloning the regulatory sequences into a promoter analysis vector. The promoter activities of the cephalosporinase genes from the clinical isolates were 23-33-fold higher than that of the cephalosporinase gene from E. coli K-12.

Cephalosporinase↗
PubMed1988

[Therapeutic treatment of Borrmann type 4 (scirrhous) gastric cancer-chemotherapy and histopathological studies].

Up to now, there has been no investigation documenting clearly the effectiveness of chemotherapy for Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer from a histopathological viewpoint. In this paper, we present a few representative cases of Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer in which microscopic examination revealed the therapeutic effectiveness (degradation of cancer cells) of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Further, comparative studies will be needed to clarify the relationship between the assessed effectiveness of therapy by roentgenological and histopathological examination.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

Establishment and characterization of three new human gestational choriocarcinoma cell lines.

Three gestational choriocarcinoma cell lines (NaUCC-1, -2, and -3) were established by transplanting tumors taken from three human choriocarcinoma patients to nude mice. Anti-nude mouse rabbit serum was used to eliminate the contamination by mouse interstitial cells. Microscopically, NaUCC-1 and -2 contained few endoplasmic reticula (ER) and many ribosomes, were rich in polysomes, and showed homogenous morphology, while NaUCC-3 contained many ER and lipid-like granules, and showed variations in size. In chromosome analysis, NaUCC-1, -2 and -3 were found to be mostly hypertetraploid, hyperdiploid and hypertriploid respectively. The in vitro doubling time was close in all three lines, ranging from 20 to 25 hours. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was produced in each cell line, with the largest amount being NaUCC-3. The supernatant of each cell line contained progesterone and estrogen but not human placental lactogen (hPL). Thus, these choriocarcinoma cell lines were found to differ a little from one another.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Sacral perineural cyst--report of a case].

The presence of cysts within the sacral spinal canal, so-called sacral cysts, is described in literature. These include 'sacral perineural cyst', 'sacral extradural cyst', 'occult intrasacral meningocele' and 'anterior sacral meningocele'. Sacral perineural cyst in these cystic disorders was first described as an incidental autopsy finding by Tarlov in 1938. Since then, several reports have been made describing the sign and symptom, neurological findings, roentgenographic diagnosis and cause and origin of the sacral perineural cysts, although many problems are not yet solved satisfactorily. This cyst occurs on the extradural components of sacral or coccygeal nerve roots. Although most are asymptomatic, these occasionally cause low back pain, sciatic and sacrococcygeal pain, sensory and motor disturbance in the lower extremities, and urinary dysfunction, which symptoms are similar to those brought on by lumbar disc herniation. In 1948, Tarlov reported a case of sciatic pain due to a perineural cyst, the removal of which relieved the symptoms. Symptoms occur because adjacent nerve roots are impinged upon by the thin-walled, fluid-filled cysts, which are formed in a space between the endoneurium and the perineurium. Microscopically, the cyst walls consist of peripheral nerve fibers or ganglionic cells covered with meningeal epithelium. Communication of the cyst with subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid may be poor, but myelogram and CT myelogram demonstrate the cysts filling with contrast media. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), imaging of the sacral perineural cysts has improved. Recently we had the opportunity to evaluate a patient in whom perineural cysts had caused considerable erosion of the sacrum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Orthotopic liver transplantation in miniature pigs: some technical considerations in recipient].

We compared temporary aortic occlusion technique (TAO) with venous bypass in anhepatic phase of the recipient in the liver transplants in miniature pig, using cuff technique in connecting the portal vein and/or the inferior vena cava. Twenty four hour survival rate after liver transplant by TAO in anhepatic phase was almost the same as that by venous bypass. There was no difference in the posttransplant changes of serum transaminase and coagulating factors between the two groups above. Profound hypotension and metabolic acidosis were encountered on the release of occluded aorta. Rapid blood transfusion and fluid infusion were necessary with the administration of bicarbonate to keep the blood pressure constant. Though we had to take special care to stabilize the general condition during the operation, the operation technique with TAO was quite simple. The hemodynamic state of the venous bypass group was also stable, but the operation was more complex and troublesome. Cuff technique was useful in connecting veins and recipients' survival rate with cuff technique was better than that with suturing method but the anastomosis by cuff technique always resulted in chronic stenosis and our new method, temporary cuff technique, was effective to prevent chronic stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Degenerative spondylolisthesis. Pathophysiology and results of anterior interbody fusion.

With special attention to the articular facets, an inspection of dry human spinal columns, microradiographic studies of cadaveric specimens, and animal experiments revealed that development of degenerative spondylolisthesis is attributable to rotational strain on the facetal joints at the level of involvement. Disc degeneration predisposes to intersegmental instability and rotational strain, which result in secondary osteoarthritic change of the articular processes and segmental canal stenosis. Thirty-six patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis were treated with anterior interbody fusion (AIF) for segmental canal stenosis at the authors' hospital during 1958-1985. The surgical results of these patients reveal that AIF corrects malalignment of the lumbar spine by complete discectomy, reduces the slip and restores the disc height, and resolves nerve compression, both from the front and from behind, by enlargement of the stenosing canal. In addition, AIF has consistent and satisfactory clinical results at long-term follow-up evaluation because it resolves intersegmental instability, an important problem of degenerative spondylolisthesis. AIF is a reasonable and reliable treatment for patients younger than 60 years of age with segmental stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Dissociation of hCG-receptor complex and detection of hCG receptors in human chorionic tissues.

We developed a radioreceptor assay (RRA) system for investigating occupied hCG receptors by using a rat testis membrane fraction. Treatment with dithiothreitol, neuraminidase, and low pH (3.3) buffer partially dissociated hCG from its receptor with dissociation rates of 42.8%, 35.2%, and 68.7%, respectively. Specific receptor rebinding was unaffected and showed competitive inhibition of [125I]hCG rebinding by unlabeled hCG. Scatchard plot analysis yielded a rebinding Km of 1.798-3.496/pM. High concentrations of NaCl and MgCl2 had no obvious effect on the [125I]hCG-receptor complex. Triton X-100 and high concentration MnCl2 treatments resulted in the loss of the receptor rebinding activity. We also investigated human chorionic tissue (at 8 weeks, 11 weeks, 16 weeks, 24 weeks, and term) for hCG receptors using the above method. Treatments with different agents increased [125I]hCG binding in this tissue preparation 139-226%, but Scatchard analysis failed to demonstrate any specificity. [125I]hCG uptake by the choriocarcinoma BeWo cell-line increased 151-193% after similar treatments, but this increase could not be competitively inhibited by unlabeled hCG. Treatment with dithiothreitol, neuraminidase, and low pH (3.3) buffer seems feasible for detecting hCG-occupied receptors. Our results suggest that there are no hCG receptors distributed on the surface of the syncytiotrophoblast of human placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

An immunocytochemical demonstration of calcineurin in human nerve cell tumors. A comparison with neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein.

Human central and peripheral nerve cell tumors were examined in detail using antibodies to calcineurin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Forty-eight formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of human neuronal tumors, including 27 medulloblastomas, were examined. Calcineurin-positive cells were found in all peripheral nerve cell tumors and the two gangliogliomas, whereas 20 of the 27 medulloblastomas and one of the two cerebral neuroblastomas did not contain calcineurin-positive cells. Differentiation of cells along the neuronal lines was positively correlated with calcineurin immunoreactivity. NSE-positive cells were found in all of the tumors with the exception of the one cerebral neuroblastoma. NSE immunoreactivity was not invariably consistent with calcineurin immunoreactivity and non-neuronal cells were often positive. Calcineurin-positive cells were all devoid of GFAP, but NSE-positive cells expressed GFAP in some tumors. GFAP-immunoreactive cells were found only in central nerve cell tumors, and not in peripheral tumors. In addition, GFAP-positive cells in some tumors such as retinoblastoma and medulloblastoma morphologically revealed not only neoplastic but also reactive astrocytic features.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1987

Influence of dietary restriction on accumulation of heat-labile enzyme molecules in the liver and brain of mice.

The influence of dietary restriction on alterations of two aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases was investigated in mouse tissues. Mice were fed a restricted diet (first 80% and then 60% of the ad libitum intake) from 23.5 months of age for 70 days. Before dietary restriction, about 35 and 25% of these enzymes in the brain and liver, respectively, were heat-labile. Dietary restriction resulted in a decrease in the percentage of heat-labile enzyme in both tissues: After 40 and 70 days of dietary restriction the percentage of heat-labile enzyme decreased to about 20 and 10%, respectively, in the brain and to undetectable or very low levels in the liver. These results suggest an interesting possibility that prolongation of the life span by dietary restriction is due to reduction in the level of altered enzyme molecules whose accumulation may be detrimental to cellular functions.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1987

Residue analysis of triflumizole and its metabolite in crops by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A procedure for high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) determination of triflumizole and its metabolite (Met) in crops was examined. Triflumizole and Met in sample crops were extracted with methanol and re-extracted into methylene chloride. After clean-up of the extract on a Florisil column, triflumizole and Met were determined by HPLC with UV detection at 238 nm. The HPLC column was packed with Nucleosil 5 C18 (ODS, 5 micron) and the eluent was acetonitrile-3 mM carbonate buffer (7:3, v/v, pH 9.0). The detection limit was 0.01-0.02 ppm and the recoveries from spiked crops (0.5 ppm) were 73-99% for triflumizole and 74-94% for Met. Triflumizole and Met were determined simultaneously and the method was shown to be applicable to residue analysis of these compounds in crops sprayed with Trifmine in fields.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗