Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Goto

Publications and source records attributed to S Goto.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The use of the maxillary protractor in the treatment of cleft lip and palate: a report of two cases].

The patients who underwent reconstruction of cleft lip and palate had clinically abnormal characteristics such as cicatricial contracture in the cleft area, narrow arches, missing teeth, and fistula. Most of those patients showed severe class III malocclusion with underdevelopment of the maxillary complex. In such patients, the treatment objectives in orthodontics were mainly anterior and lateral expansions of the maxillary arches, and inhibition of mandibular growth. In recent years, the maxillary protractor has been used positively in the treatment of the underdeveloped maxillary complex. In this study, we report on two patients with cleft lip and palate, and underdevelopment of the maxillary complex. Maxillary protractors were used beneficially at the period of the dento-craniofacial growth spurt. In these two cases, improvement of disharmony was obtained in the antero-posterior relationship between the maxilla and the mandible. The effects of the treatment were forward movement of the maxilla and growth inhibition of the mandible. Accordingly, the use of the maxillary protractor for cleft lip and palate patients with underdeveloped maxilla at the period of the dento-craniofacial growth spurt was shown to be important.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1991

Cytogenetic and clonal culture evaluation after response to low dose Ara-C in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Cytogenetic and bone marrow culture studies were performed sequentially in 13 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who responded to low dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) treatment (complete in nine and partial in four patients). Of nine patients with initial clonal karyotypic abnormalities, six recovered a normal karyotype after attaining a response to treatment, but the other three patients retained partial or total karyotypic abnormalities. A new clonal karyotypic abnormality appeared after treatment in one patient. Eight patients showed normal colony growth of both granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units and erythroid burst-forming units after treatment, but five were still defective. There was a clear difference in the duration of response to treatment between these two groups. Consolidation treatment was not effective in patients with persistent karyotypic abnormalities or defective colony formation. Although the number of patients studied is small, these results suggest that hemopoiesis in patients with MDS following a response to treatment with low dose Ara-C is heterogeneous. Consolidation chemotherapy is recommended to ensure and prolong the response in patients showing normalization of both cytogenetic and bone marrow culture results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Two rabbit uricase mRNAs and their tissue-specific expression.

Presence of two uricase mRNA species in rabbit was revealed by cDNA cloning. They were different only in the 5'-non-coding region. Their hepatic and extra-hepatic expression in a tissue-specific manner was demonstrated by Northern blot and primer extension analyses.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of liver-specific expression of rat uricase using monoclonal antibodies and cloned cDNAs.

Tissue distribution of uricase (urate oxidase, EC 1.7.3.3) was studied by immunoblotting and RNA slot blot analysis. For immunoblotting, highly specific monoclonal antibodies against rat liver uricase were obtained, and for mRNA detection, a cloned uricase cDNA was used. Among seven tissues studied, uricase was immunologically detected only in the liver. The contents of uricase in other tissues, i.e., brain, thymus, heart, spleen, kidney and lactating mammary gland, were estimated to be less than 2% of that in the liver. Uricase mRNA was also detected only in the liver. The steady-state level of the mRNA in the isolated hepatocytes was relatively constant during the 8-day culture period when compared with those of other mRNAs expressed in the liver, suggesting a unique control mechanism of its expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Dual promoters and tissue-specific expression of rat transthyretin gene.

The rat chromosomal gene for transthyretin was cloned and its dual promoter region was analyzed by primer extension. Semi-quantitative studies by primer extension analysis to determine the transcriptional start sites and their usage in the three tissues have suggested that the rat transthyetin gene has dual promoters: a major proximal promoter which is used in the liver and in the brain but not at all in the kidney, and a minor distal promoter which is totally used in the kidney and significantly in the brain.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Selective suppression of human papilloma virus type 18 mRNA level in HeLa cells by interferon.

We have studied the effect of IFN on the transcription of integrated HPV 18 DNA in HeLa cells. We found that the amount of cytoplasmic HPV 18 mRNA was markedly reduced in HeLa cells treated with 10(3) IU/ml of IFN alpha or gamma, and that the inhibitory effect was dose dependent and was detectable by 12h after the addition of IFN. Furthermore, northern blot analysis indicated that IFN remarkably reduced 3.4 kb mRNA species of HPV 18 transcripts in HeLa cells. In contrast, the level of beta-actin mRNA was found to increase in IFN treated cells. The results suggest that IFN alpha and gamma selectively inhibited HPV 18 gene expression at the level of transcription.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1990

Organization of rat uricase chromosomal gene differs greatly from that of the corresponding plant gene.

The rat chromosomal gene for uricase was cloned. The gene spans more than 20 kilobases and the coding region is divided into 8 exons by 7 introns. The organization of the rat uricase gene is so greatly different from that of the soybean gene that the difference may not have been caused only by the removal of some ancestral introns during the period of widely separated evolution.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Age-related change in the degradation rate of ovalbumin microinjected into mouse liver parenchymal cells.

Change in the degradation rate of ovalbumin (OVA) microinjected into liver parenchymal cells isolated from mice of various ages was studied. OVA was injected by osmotic lysis of pinosomes and the amount of OVA was determined by immunoblotting using purified antibody to OVA. Cellular activity as judged by rates of protein synthesis and degradation of pulse-labeled proteins was not affected by the injection. To localize injected OVA in the cells, cell extracts were fractionated by differential centrifugation and the amount of OVA and the activity of beta-D-galactosidase as a lysosomal marker enzyme of each fraction were determined. The ovalbumin was mostly found in the soluble fraction, while the beta-D-galactosidase activity was found in the particulate fraction, indicating that the ovalbumin was spread in the cytosol but was not present in the pinosomes or lysosomes. The average half-lives of OVA were 106, 113, and 164 h in the cells from young (3.5-6.5 months), middle-aged (13.5-20.0 months), and old (24.5-30.5 months) mice, respectively. Thus, the half-life of ovalbumin in the cells of senescent mice was about 50% longer than that in the cells of young or middle-aged mice. These results are in good agreement with those of our previous investigation, which showed that the half-life of inactivation of horseradish peroxidase was extended by about 50% in the hepatocytes from old mice (Ishigami and Goto, 1988, Mech. Ageing Dev., 46, 125-133).

Aging↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical study of the striatal efferents and nigral dopaminergic neurons in parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam in comparison with those in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.

A comparative topographical immunohistochemical analysis was performed on the basal ganglia (including the substantia nigra) in Guamanian parkinsonism-dementia complex, idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The striatal projection neurons and their efferent fibers were examined by using antibodies to calcineurin, methionine-enkephalin, and substance P. Tyrosine hydroxylase served as a marker for nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. The basal ganglia of patients with parkinsonism-dementia complex reacted strongly with all of the antibodies and the reaction products exhibited a normal distribution pattern. These findings suggest that the striatal output system is well preserved in patients with this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients with AD or PD. However, as compared to the patients with AD or PD, patients with parkinsonism-dementia complex showed severe reduction (greater than 90%) in the number of dopaminergic neurons in both the lateral and the medial portions of the substantia nigra. In view of the functional cortico-subcortical loops, these findings could explain the parkinsonian features and in part the cognitive impairment that occur in parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

Inhibition of MAO activity, 3H-imipramine binding, 3H-paroxetine binding and 3H-5-HT uptake by human cerebrospinal fluid.

Addition of small amount of human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inhibited both types of MAO in monkey brain mitochondria. The specific binding of 3H-paroxetine decreased remarkably with increasing CSF volumes, while 3H-imipramine binding was slightly inhibited. Scatchard analysis of 3H-paroxetine binding in the presence and absence of CSF indicated that the inhibitory effect was associated with a decreased Bmax without an appreciable change in Kd. Addition of CSF induced an inhibition of uncompetitive 3H-5-HT uptake to monkey cerebral membranes. These results indicate that the materials in human CSF inhibit 3H-paroxetine binding, and modulate the uptake system for 5-HT.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Experimental study of lumbar facet degeneration in monkeys.

Experiments were carried out in young adult monkeys to determine the influence of mechanical stress on degeneration of the lumbar facet joints. Eleven monkeys were used and divided into four groups, the control, upper lumbar laminectomy, discectomy and discectomy + rotation. The monkeys were given fluorochrome agents once a week. After sacrifice, undemineralised sections were studied under fluorescence microscopy. Contact microradiographs were also made. After laminectomy, subperiosteal bony proliferation was seen on the external surface of the superior and inferior articular processes. After discectomy there was localised bony proliferation on the anterior aspect of the superior articular processes. In the group with discectomy + rotation there was evidence of additional proliferation of the calcified cartilage zone at the insertion of the ligamentum flavum which had remodelled to bony tissue. We conclude that rotational stresses are mostly responsible for the development of spinal stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Synaptophysin expression in the striatum in Huntington's disease.

This immunohistochemical study compares the expression of synaptophysin (SYP) in the striatum in Huntington's disease (HD) with that of calcineurin (CaN), a marker for striatal medium-sized spinous neurons. As compared to controls, in the HD striatum there was a significant loss of SYP immunoreactivity with residual staining displaying an inhomogeneous pattern, which strikingly resembled that of CaN. Our results may indicate that there is a synaptic loss in the striatum with HD and this is most likely due to loss of medium-sized spinous neurons characteristic of this disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Calcineurin and synaptophysin in the human spinal cord of normal individuals and patients with familial dysautonomia.

This report concerns the immunohistochemical demonstration of two neuronal Ca2(+)-binding proteins, calcineurin and synaptophysin, in the spinal cord of normal controls and from patients with familial dysautonomia. In controls, calcineurin immunoreactivity was highly concentrated in small nerve cells and fibers of the substantia gelatinosa. Synaptophysin immunoreactivity was normally distributed throughout the spinal cord gray matter, being highly concentrated in the substantia gelatinosa, the dorsal nucleus of Clarke and the anterior horn. In patients with familial dysautonomia, no apparent changes in calcineurin immunoreactivity were found in the substantia gelatinosa. By contrast, there was a significant depletion of synaptophysin-positive axon terminals in the substantia gelatinosa and in the dorsal nucleus of Clarke of patients with familial dysautonomia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in the normoganglionic and aganglionic segments of human colon.

The localisation and distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity were studied by use of immunohistochemical methods in gut tissues from 19 patients with Hirschsprung's disease, including 4 cases of long segment aganglionosis. In the normoganglionic segment, immunoreactive cell bodies and nonvaricose processes were seen within both myenteric and submucous plexuses. A scarce supply of varicose fibres was found in the lamina propria mucosae, muscularis mucosae and longitudinal muscle layer. NPY fibres were more frequently encountered in the circular muscle layer, although with a weakly immunostaining intensity. In addition, blood vessels in the submucosal connective tissue were surrounded by a typical plexus of varicose, NPY-positive fibres. Immunoreactive endocrine cells could be detected in the colonic epithelium. In the aganglionic segment, numerous nerve fasciculi comprising a small to moderate number of NPY fibres with varicosities were observed throughout the entire layer of the colonic wall. A few varicose, NPY-positive fibres were also contained in the relatively large, hypertrophic nerve fasciculi located in the intermuscular zone and submucosal connective tissue. NPY-immunoreactive fasciculi were more densely distributed in the distal aganglionic segment than in the proximal aganglionic one. On the other hand, the distribution of NPY-positive fibres in long segment aganglionosis was quite different from that in short segment type; in cases of long segment type, no immunoreactive nerve fibres were detected within the circular muscle layer of the proximal aganglionic segment near the oligoganglionic segment and only a few fibres were observed within the hypertrophic nerve bundle of the intermuscular zone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗