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Biomedical subjects

S Gillam

Publications and source records attributed to S Gillam.

106 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Identification and isolation of the yeast cytochrome c gene.

The iso-1-cytochrome c gene of yeast has been identified and cloned using a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide as a hybridization probe. The oligomer d[pT-T-A-G-C-A-G-A-A--C-C-G-G] is complementary to a region near the N terminal coding region of the yeast cyc 1 gene. Of several yeast Eco RI fragments which hybridize to this probe, one is changed in size by a G leads to T mutation which eliminates an Eco RI site within the cyc 1 gene. Both the wild-type and the RI- mutant forms were cloned in lambda gt vectors. Maxam-Gilbert sequencing for 91 nucleotides into the coding region for iso-1-cytochrome c yielded a DNA sequence in perfect correspondence with the known protein sequence.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Immunoglobulin-like messenger RNA in a mouse T cell lymphoma.

RNA-driven complementary DNA (cDNA) hybridization experiments have been carried out in order to detect complementary sequences in RNA prepared from a mouse T cell lymphoma line (EL4). In conditions where efficient hybridization of L-chain cDNA with homologous P3 myeloma mRNA was observed, poor hybridization was observed with EL4 mRNA unless a low criterion of hybrid formation was employed (i.e. hydroxyapatite fractionation). The hybrid formed between EL4 mRNA and L-chain cDNA was found to melt about 5 degrees C below the homologous hybrid indicating that the sequence detected in EL4 mRNA is similar but not identical with the P3 mRNA sequence. However, a similar sequence was detectable in a Clambda-producing myeloma cell line but in this line the concentration of the sequence was found to be an order of magnitude lower than in EL4 cells.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Nucleotide sequence of the 3' terminal third of rabbit alpha-globin messenger RNA: comparison with human alpha-globin messenger RNA.

Rabbit and human alpha-globin complementary DNA was synthesized using the primer (dT10)dGdCdC hybridized to globin mRNA with reverse transcriptase, and sequenced using the plus and minus gel sequencing procedure (Sanger and Coulson, 1975; Brownlee and Cartwright, 1977). The complete 3' noncoding region, 89 nucleotides in length, and one third of the coding region of rabbit alpha-globin mRNA have thus been sequenced. These data are compared with the near complete 3' noncoding region sequence of human alpha-globin mRNA obtained in these and previous studies. The two mRNAs are approximately 80% homologous in their 3' noncoding regions, except that the human sequence has an insert of 24 nucleotides. A very similar insert in sequence has been described in human beta-globin mRNA (Proudfoot, 1977).

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Enzymatic synthesis of oligonucleotides of defined sequence: synthesis of a segment of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c gene.

The deoxyribooligonucleotide, d(pT-T-A-G-C-A-G-A-A-C-C-G-G), constituting a segment of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c gene, has been synthesized by a combination of chemical and primarily enzymatic methods. The starting primer, d(pT-T-A-G1, was chemically synthesized by the phosphodiester method and was extended stepwise, by reactions catalyzed by polynucleotide phosphorylase.

Cytochrome c Group↗
PubMed1977

Sequence analysis of the 3' non-coding region of mouse immunoglobulin light chain messenger RNA.

Using an oligonucleotide d(pT10-C-A) as primer, cDNA has been transcribed from the 3' non-coding region of mouse immunoglobulin light chain mRNA and sequenced by a modification1 of the 'plus-minus' gel method2. The sequence obtained has partially corrected and extended a previously obtained sequence3. The new data contains an unusual sequence in which a trinucleotide is repeated seven times.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Differences in psychological sex, adjustment, and familial influences among homosexual and nonhomosexual populations.

The present study investigated differences in psychological sex, present and past adjustment, and parental influences among homosexual cross-dressers, homosexual non-cross-dressers, applicants for sex change surgery, and heterosexuals. The homosexual non-cross dresser and heterosexual groups were found to have the most masculine gender role, with the sex change group having the most feminine gender identity. The two homosexual groups were most accepting of homosexuality, with the sex change group having the least acceptance of homosexuality. Support was not found for the prediction that the sex change group would have the worst present and past adjustment followed by the homosexual cross-dressers with the poorest past adjustment. As predicted, however, fathers were perceived as more nurturant in the heterosexual group than among the remaining three groups. These findings suggest that variations in sexual-life-style can be understood as manifestations of different combinations of the components of psychological sex and that a nurturant father is important in the development of a heterosexual life-style.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1975

Enzymatic synthesis of oligonucleotides of defined sequence. Addition of short blocks of nucleotide residues to oligonucleotide primers.

Polynucleotide phosphorylase from Escherichia coli can be used to catalyse the addition of short tracts of deoxyadenylate residues to the 3'-termini of deoxyribooligonucleotides of the type pdAn-dN (where dN = dC, dT or dG) using dADP as donor. Similarly, the enzyme can also be used to catalyse the addition of short tracts of adenylate residues to the 3'-termini of ribooligonucleotides of the type An-N (where N = C, U or G) using ADP as donor. In the ribooligonucleotide series, phosphorolytic cleavage of the primer oligonucleotides is significant and results in the concommitant production of oligoadenylates lacking the N residue. Oligomers of the same length, with and without the residue N, were readily separated by thermal elution from cellulose-pdT9 columns. This latter procedure therefore provides a simple method for purification of the oligoadenylates containing an internal base substitution and it also provides a convenient assay for oligonucleotide phosphorolysis.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1975

The base-pairing specificity of cellulose-pdT9.

The stability of the interaction of oligoadenylates, containing single nucleotide substitutions, with cellulose-pdT9 has been studied by thermal elution. In the case of oligodeoxyriboadenylates, the replacement of an internal dA by dC, dG or dT caused destabilization. In the case of oligoriboadenylates, replacement of an internal A residue by C or U resulted in a significantly lesser destabilization. The results indicate that caution should be exercised in extrapolation of data on the specificity of deoxyribonpolynucleotide-deoxyribopolynucleotide hybridization to structure of the type deoxyribopolynucleotide-ribopolynucleotide.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1974

Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribo-oligonucleotides of defined sequence. Properties of the enzyme.

A modified purification is described for an enzyme, from Escherichiacoli B, which polymerizes deoxyribonucleoside-5' diphosphates. Under appropriate conditions, the enzyme will add a single deoxyribonucleotide residue to a deoxyribo-oligonucleotide primer. At all stages, the enzyme activity copurified with the activity which will polymerize adenosine-5' diphosphate (polynucleotide phosphorylase). Studies of heat stability, the effect of various temperatures of reaction and of disc gel electrophoresis failed to provide evidence that the two activities are separable.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1974

Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribo-oligonucleotides of defined sequence. Deoxyribo-oligonucleotide synthesis.

An enzyme, which is probably identical with polynucleotide phosphorylase, was prepared from Escherichiacoli B. In the presence of Mn(2+) it catalyzes the addition of one (and to a slight extent more) residue of deoxyribonucleotide residue from the diphosphate to an oligodeoxyribonucleotide primer. The shortest effective primers contained three phosphate residues. Ribodinucleotides were effective as primers and accepted two or three deoxyribonucleotide residues under these conditions. The application of the procedures to the convenient synthesis of certain defined oligodeoxyribonucleotides up to nine residues long is discussed.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetes (TARDIS-2).

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is now recognized as a major public health concern but its burden on society is under-researched. METHODS: T(2)ARDIS was a postal survey of 1578 people with type 2 diabetes across four UK centres, incorporating measures of resource use, treatment satisfaction and health-related quality of life (HrQoL). The findings included data on the EQ-5D that enabled the HrQoL burden of the disease to be established by comparison with equivalent data for the general population and the diabetic population as a whole from the 1996 Health Survey of England. RESULTS: The results indicate a significant deficit experienced by people with type 2 diabetes vs. their age group peers in the general population. The proportion of T(2)ARDIS respondents reporting problems increases in relation to the presence of complications, and microvascular complications appear to have more impact than macrovascular complications. CONCLUSIONS: This confirms the need for treatment policies to focus on reducing the risk of such complications and hence improve patients' HrQoL.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Jeanne Manery Fisher Memorial Lecture 1994. Molecular biology of rubella virus structural proteins.

Rubella virus is a small, enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus in the Togaviridae family and bears similarities to the prototype alphaviruses in terms of its genome organization and strategy for viral gene expression. Despite being an important human pathogen, the cell biology of rubella virus remains poorly characterized. This review focuses on the molecular biology of rubella virus structural proteins, with emphasis on the proteolytic processing and maturation of virus structural proteins, the glycosylation requirement for intracellular transport and function of glycoproteins, and the localization of hemagglutinin- and virus-neutralizing epitopes. A number of significant differences between rubella virus and alphavirus structural protein expression and maturation were discovered.

Amino Acid Sequence↗