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Biomedical subjects

S Gartner

Publications and source records attributed to S Gartner.

98 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Drusen of the optic disc.

Although optic disc drusen have been of interest to ophthalmologists for more than 100 years, their etiology and many aspects of their relationship to other clinical conditions remain obscure. They have been clinically observed in 0.3% of the population, although autopsy studies suggest an incidence of 2%. Drusen are seldom accompanied by visual symptoms; however, decreased vision and visual field changes may occur. The historical and epidemiological aspects of drusen are reviewed; clinical and histological features, as well as special diagnostic techniques (ultrasonography and fluorescein angiography) are discussed in detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neovascularization of the iris (rubeosis iridis).

This is a review of neovascularization of the iris and the neovascular glaucoma that often follows. With the aging of our population, this has become a more frequent cause of blindness and enucleation of eyes. Iris neovascularization is never primary, but is always secondary to other ocular disorders. The pathology is described based on the study of 110 globes. Diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple myeloma and its ocular manifestations.

Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of the cells of the immune system that frequently involves the eye. Cysts of the ciliary body have been reported in 33-50% of myeloma patients, and retinal vascular lesions have been reported in up to 66%. Corneal and orbital involvement is less common. In this review, systemic and immunologic aspects of multiple myeloma are outlined and ocular manifestations are illustrated.

Ciliary Body↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spectrum of manifestations of Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome.

PURPOSE: The clinical and imaging findings of children with Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome (SJMS) were reviewed to determine the incidence and type of bronchiectasis and analyze whether the clinical course of patients with bronchiectasis differed from that of patients without bronchiectasis. METHOD: Our study population consisted of 13 patients. All had inspiratory/ expiratory chest X-ray films, chest CT, and lung scans. Eight underwent pulmonary function test. The results of these studies at diagnosis and during follow-up were analyzed and compared with the clinical features. RESULTS: Bronchiectasis was demonstrated in nine patients, being saccular in five and cylindrical in four. Expiratory slices were helpful for demonstrating bilateral lung involvement that had not been suspected on inspiratory CT scans or conventional radiographs. The clinical features of the five patients with saccular bronchiectasis resembled those of patients with classic postviral bronchiectasis who suffered recurrent pulmonary infections; three of them underwent lobectomy. The remaining patients presented mild respiratory symptoms, with a spontaneous tendency toward improvement. CONCLUSION: SJMS should be considered as a spectrum disease. Bronchiectasis is not a universal finding. The presence and type of bronchiectasis will influence clinical manifestations and prognosis. Patients without bronchiectasis or with cylindrical bronchiectasis had a lower incidence of pneumonia episodes than those with saccular bronchiectasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adaptation of HIV-1 to pigtailed macaques.

In vitro infectivity experiments were performed to assess the susceptibility of cells from various monkey species to HIV-1. T lymphocytes from pigtailed macaques, but not those from rhesus or cynomolgus monkeys, were susceptible to infection, but virus expression was limited. The majority of HIV-1 isolates were unable to productively infect pigtailed macaque cells. Inoculation of autologous, HIV-1 expressing cells led to establishment of persistent infection in pigtailed macaques as evidenced by recovery of infectious virus and development of virus-specific antibody responses.

Acclimatization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gp120 sequence variation in brain and in T-lymphocyte human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolates.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify genetic determinants within human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 that differentiate viral species in brain from those in lymphocytes. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify gp120 genes from paired brain and T-cell isolates from two infants and two adults with dementia. Amplimers were molecularly cloned and sequenced. RESULTS: The degrees of amino acid divergence between brain and T-cell clones for the two adults were 7.7% and 8.6% and, for the two infants, 2.4% and 2.7%. For one adult and one infant, divergence was greater among brain cell clones than T-cell clones. In the adults, a 3-amino acid insertion, located similarly within V4 and encoding asparagine residues, was identified in the T-cell clones. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 genetic variation within brain cells is not necessarily restricted compared with that in blood lymphocytes. The species in brain cells can be distinguished from those in lymphocytes by determinants within V4. These differences suggest that immune-mediated selection ongoing within lymphoid cell compartments may not occur within brain.

Adult↗