Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Galatioto.
The clinical, neuropathological and ultrastructural features of a case of Kufs disease (Meyer basal ganglia form) are reported. In the present case, besides the typical lesions of Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinosis, and increased iron reaction at pallidonigral level was detected histochemically. The significance of the last finding is discussed.
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An atypical case of Refsum disease is reported together with the peripheral nerve morphological data. The body fluids must be assayed for phytanic acid whenever an atypical chronic peripheral neuropathy is observed.
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Osteoclastoma is a rare skeletal lesion, characterized by large multinucleated giant osteoclastic cells; this lesion usually affects young adults with a prevalence of 1 case/1 million population. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with a right temporal tumescence: X-ray, CT and MRI revealed the presence of a right temporal hyperostotic ring-like area over the lambdoid suture, with irregular margins and calcareous deposits. The tumour was expanding mainly toward the endocranium involving both cranial tables and diploë, without infiltrating the brain parenchyma. The child underwent complete microsurgical removal of the lesion. Histopathological findings revealed the giant cell tumour osteoclastoma. Correct modern preoperative neuroimaging workup, coupled with microneurosurgical technique, allowed successful lesion removal with good outcome. A review of the more recent literature and of mechanisms of pathology together with neuroradiological protocol and results of treatment are discussed.
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The study of one case of non arteriosclerotic calcinosis of the brain (Fahr's Disease) gives an opportunity for a discussion on the main pathogenetic aspects of this syndrome. Some features of hypertrophy and hyperplasia of astrocytes contrast with the fair preservation of neurons. It is suggested that such condition should be considered as an "astroglial syndrome" in Seitelberg's terminology.
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A 27-year-old man presented disturbances of gait and language, quickly followed by intellectual deterioration, tetraplegia, anarthria and myoclonus. Histological examination of a cerebral biopsy showed not only cortical changes consistent with the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, but also many amyloid-plaques with variable morphology. The diagnostic interpretation of the case particularly as to concern his relationship to s.c. Gerstmann-Strüssler syndrome is discussed.
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The Authors report a case of epidermoid in the optical-chiasmatic region associated with a cysticercosis in the suprasellar and prepontal region. The patient was surgically treated with success: a bilobate cystic formation with ramifications adherent to the carotid siphon was found in front of optic nerves. Opening the arachnoid between the left optic nerve and carotid, a dysembriogenetic cystic formation was observed. Adherent to it there was the wall of a second parasitic cystic formation (probably cysticercosis) from which some small cysts slid away. After a review of the literature the Authors point out both the casual association of the two pathologies and the utility of C.T. scan in the diagnostic process of the above mentioned lesions.
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