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Biomedical subjects

S Gaafar

Publications and source records attributed to S Gaafar.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Comparative studies on urethral function.

Urethral pressure profiles (in vivo), opening pressures, and flow rates at opening pressure (in vitro) were determined for female, male, pregnant, ovariectomized (OVX), OVX and then estrogen-treated, and OVX and then progesterone-treated rabbits. Using the isolated whole-urethra preparation, we determined the opening pressures and flow rates as well as the effects of 250 microM phenylephrine, 250 microM bethanechol, and 120 mM KCl on the urethral opening pressure and flow rate. The results demonstrated that (1) the urethral pressure profiles were similar for male and female rabbits, (2) ovariectomy and pregnancy decreased the urethral pressure profiles, (3) estrogen therapy partially reversed the effect of ovariectomy on the urethra, and (4) progesterone therapy had little effect on the urethral pressure profile. With regard to opening pressure and flow, (1) flow at opening pressure was lower in the male than in the female; (2) the opening pressure was increased by ovariectomy; (3) phenylephrine and KCl stimulated a greater response in the male than in the female, whereas the response to bethanechol was significantly lower in the male than in the female; (4) the male had the greatest resistance to flow among all the groups; and (5) ovariectomy increased the resistance to flow and estrogen treatment reversed the effect of ovariectomy. In conclusion, ovariectomy had significant effects on urethral function that were reversed by estrogen therapy but not by progesterone therapy.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1992

Anti-inflammatory effect of natural steroid sapogenins on oral aphthous ulcers.

The search in plants for sapogenins has been stimulated by the need for readily accessible sources of sapogenins which can be converted in the laboratory to animal sterols of therapeutic importance. The present study represents a clinical trial for the investigation of the antiinflammatory effect of natural steroidal sapogenins on oral aphthous ulcers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Management of posterior urethral strictures secondary to pelvic fractures in children.

Bulboprostatic anastomotic urethroplasty was performed in 20 children with posterior urethral strictures secondary to bony pelvic fractures. The approach was perineal in 4 children and transpubic abdominoperineal in 16, with good postoperative results in 100 and 62.5%, respectively. In some children the urethral disruption occurred within the prostate itself and not at the prostatomembranous junction. In such cases the proximal sphincteric mechanism may be at risk and immediate repair of the injury is advisable. In the case of common prostatomembranous disruption displacement of the urethra may be significant. In such cases a transpubic approach is preferable. If the proximal sphincteric mechanism is deranged, it can be managed at the same time.

Child↗
PubMed1989

The vitamin B1 status among young Egyptian males in relation to infection with parasites.

Erythrocytic transketolase activity and thiamin pyrophosphate effect (TPP%) were used to define the nutritional thiamin status of an age stratified sample of 66 young males with parasitic infection. The results revealed that 6% of the control group were biochemically deficient in vitamin B1 compared with a percentage incidence of 42% among the parasitized subjects. Intestinal infection with Entamoeba histolytica, Hymenolepsis nana or with more than one parasite had the most depleting effect on the tissue thiamin status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Standardized nomenclature of animal parasitic diseases (SNOAPAD).

An expert committee, appointed by the Executive Committee of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.), presents its proposal for uniform and proper terminology to denominate animal parasitic diseases or infections. In principle, the disease name is constructed solely by the suffix -osis, which is added to the stem of the name of the parasite taxon, formed from the nominative of the taxa. Standardized nomenclature of animal parasitic diseases (SNOAPAD) is meant as a guideline for general use, to improve the clarity of scientific communication. It should be especially useful in promoting effective usage of computerized data retrieval services.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effectiveness of periodic oral vitamin A dosage on hypovitaminosis in Egypt.

Seventy boys, aged 6-13 years were subjected to periodic oral vitamin A program. Non-parasitized boys (n = 63) responded to the oral treatment with significant increase in plasma retinol level, even five weeks after the end of oral treatment. On the other hand, boys infested with parasites, none of whom had originally acceptable plasma-retinol level, did not respond significantly to the oral treatment. Vitamin A was found also to have an effect on growth, and there was highly significant correlation between retinol level and percentile weight for age.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Study of the absorption of vitamin A oily preparation among school pupils from the rural.

Fasting and postabsorptive vitamin A level was studied in 55 school pupils aged 6-13 years, with giardiasis, ascaridiasis, or other parasites, both before and after their eradication with appropriate therapy; and in 6 pupils without parasites. Acceptable plasma vitamin A levels were detected in 20.7% of the cases. Mean fasting plasma vitamin A level among controls (Parasite-free) was 20.2 micrograms/dl. None of the parasitized pupils had acceptable mean plasma vitamin A concentrations. Prompt eradication of the giardia lead to significant improvement in the fasting plasma vitamin A concentration. Post absorptive vitamin A level above 100 micrograms/dl was detected in just one case. Post absorptive vitamin A level ranged between 31.5 and 67.7 in the rest, regardless of the type of parasite or treatment.

Absorption↗