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S G Silverberg

Publications and source records attributed to S G Silverberg.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

MSN-1 antibody in the evaluation of female genital tract adenocarcinomas.

The reactivity of a new monoclonal antibody (MAb), MSN-1, raised against a human endometrial cancer cell line (SNG-II), was studied in a variety of endometrial, endocervical, and ovarian carcinomas as well as normal cycling endometrium. Moderate to strong reactivity (2-3+) was seen in six of nine normal secretory endometria (67%), one of 10 normal proliferative endometria (10%), 18 of 18 endometrial adenocarcinomas (100%), 10 of 11 endometrioid ovarian adenocarcinomas (91%), seven of nine clear cell ovarian adenocarcinomas (78%), one of 12 endometrial hyperplasias without atypia (9%), two of four endometrial hyperplasias with atypia (50%), zero of five endometrial serous adenocarcinomas, two of 17 serous ovarian adenocarcinomas (12%), zero of 10 intestinal-type mucinous ovarian adenocarcinomas, and zero of nine metastatic adenocarcinomas in ovary. Endocervical adenocarcinomas showed moderate to strong staining in 75% (six of eight). It is concluded that MSN-1 can be used to confirm endometrioid/clear cell differentiation in ovarian and endometrial tumors, cannot be used to discriminate endocervical from endometrial differentiation, cannot be used to discriminate atypical hyperplasia from carcinoma, and may be useful to distinguish between atypical (premalignant) endometrial hyperplasias and those without atypia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Tubal metaplasia of the uterine cervix.

Eleven cases of tubal metaplasia of the uterine cervix are presented. These are characterized histologically by architecturally normal endocervical glands containing ciliated or clear cells, nonciliated cells, and intercalary or peg cells, resembling normal tubal mucosa. Transitions from normal to ciliated epithelium within a single gland are frequently seen. Eight of these cases involved endocervical glands near the squamocolumnar junction, and six showed tubal metaplasia along the overlying surface epithelium. Superficial and (in one case) deep endocervical glands were involved. No correlation was found between the presence of tubal metaplasia and the degree of inflammation of the cervix or the presence or extent of squamous metaplasia. Immunohistochemically, the epithelium of tubal metaplasia was negative for carcinoembryonic antigen in five cases studied. In situ squamous carcinoma and a variety of benign glandular lesions, such as microglandular hyperplasia, mesonephric remnants, and endometriosis, were concurrently identified. Two cases also accompanied tubal metaplasia in proliferative and hyperplastic endometria, and tubal metaplasia was seen in the lower uterine segment in five cases. We emphasize that, as with other types of metaplasia, the main significance of recognizing this lesion in the cervix is in not confusing it with early endocervical glandular neoplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical comparison of new monoclonal antibody 1C5 and carcinoembryonic antigen in the differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.

The reactivities of new monoclonal antibody 1C5 and anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined immunohistochemically in 4 adenocarcinomas in situ, 20 invasive adenocarcinomas of various types, and 6 adenosquamous carcinomas of the uterine cervix, as well as in 10 endometrial adenocarcinomas and 10 normal cervices. Among the invasive adenocarcinomas, 90% were positively stained by 1C5 and 55% stained for CEA. Three of four in-situ adenocarcinomas were positively stained by 1C5 and two of four were positively stained by anti-CEA. All adenosquamous carcinomas were stained by 1C5 and four of six stained for CEA. Invasive adenocarcinomas always stained more intensely with 1C5 than did noninvasive lesions in the same specimen. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas were stained as strongly with 1C5 as were well-differentiated tumors, but CEA was less effective in identifying poorly differentiated lesions. 1C5 was also more useful than CEA was in distinguishing glandular from squamous neoplastic differentiation, and also appears to be useful in distinguishing endocervical from endometrial differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Histopathologic and flow cytometric analysis with clinical correlation.

Ten granulosa cell tumors of the ovary were investigated using clinicopathologic and flow cytometric parameters. Three of the patients had recurrent or metastatic lesions 3 to 9 years after resection of the primary ovarian tumor. These three cases demonstrated diploidy in both the primary tumor and metastatic or recurrent lesions. Among the seven cases without recurrence, five had diploid DNA indexes. One case was characterized by a high degree of cytologic atypia and tetraploidy (DNA index, 1.98); this patient died of metastatic breast cancer 4 years after resection of the ovarian tumor. Another case demonstrated a high mitotic rate and exhibited aneuploidy (DNA index, 1.33); this woman was alive and well at 5 years of follow-up. In this study, no correlation was found between the recurrence rate and ploidy but, in view of the small numbers and limited follow-up, we cannot definitively analyze these prognostic factors. It does not appear feasible to predict the clinical course of granulosa cell tumors by DNA flow cytometry. However, it can be concluded that: (1) most granulosa cell tumors have diploid DNA content and (2) DNA ploidy correlates well with histologic factors, such as cellular anaplasia and high mitotic activity, which may have predictive prognostic value for granulosa cell tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical studies of steroidogenic enzymes (aromatase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochromes P-450) in sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary.

Aromatase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase, and cholesterol side-chain cleavage P-450 cytochromes (P-450AROM, P-450(17 alpha,) and P-450SCC, respectively) were immunohistochemically localized in nine granulosa cell tumors, 15 thecomas, ten Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, two steroid cell tumors, five fibromas, and five sclerosing stromal tumors. In the thecomas, P-450SCC and P-450(17 alpha) were positive in luteinized theca cells and in cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, while P-450AROM was not observed. In the steroid cell tumors, all the P-450 cytochromes were intensely stained. P-450SCC and P-450(17 alpha) were present in cells with vacuolated cytoplasm in two cases of sclerosing stromal tumor. P-450AROM was weakly demonstrated in one of the granulosa cell tumors. P-450(17 alpha,) P-450SCC, and P-450AROM were all faintly stained in the Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. No P-450 cytochrome immunoreactivity was observed in any fibroma.

Aromatase↗
PubMed1989

Brenner tumor of the ovary: immunoanalysis of steroidogenic enzymes in 23 cases.

Immunohistochemical analysis of cytochromes P-450 aromatase and P-450 17 alpha-hydroxylase, which catalyze the production of estrogens and androgens, respectively, was performed for 23 cases of ovarian Brenner tumor. Immunoreactivity for P-450 aromatase was observed in the epithelial cells of the tumor distinctly in two cases and faintly in four cases, while immunoreactivity for P-450 17 alpha-hydroxylase was seen in two cases. No immunoreactivity was observed in the stromal cells of the tumors, nor were luteinized cells observed in the cases examined. No correlation was observed between the immunoreactivity of cytochromes P-450 in the epithelial cells of the tumor and endometrial abnormalities. These findings, together with a review of the literature, suggest that the usual Brenner tumor is not associated with specific steroidogenesis. Rare massive Brenner tumors may, however, be capable of androgenic or estrogenic activity.

Aromatase↗
PubMed1989

Practical approach to cervical human papillomavirus-related intraepithelial lesions.

Members of the Editorial Board who have been active in the study of female genital HPV-related lesions have responded to a series of questions related to the histopathologic diagnosis of such lesions in the uterine cervix, the performance of auxiliary studies, therapeutic choices, and the correlation of cytologic and tissue diagnoses.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1989

Cervical adenocarcinoma in young women: possible relationship to microglandular hyperplasia and use of oral contraceptives.

The clinical and pathologic features of 18 cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma (in situ and invasive) and adenosquamous carcinoma in women less than 50 years of age were reviewed. The findings were compared with those from an equal number of cases of cervical squamous carcinoma (in situ and invasive), obtained by matching for age and year of diagnosis. A positive history of oral contraceptive use was found in five cases (28%) in the study group and in seven (39%) of the squamous carcinoma control patients. Microglandular hyperplasia was present in five cases of adenocarcinoma and one case of squamous carcinoma. Neither of these differences is statistically significant. Additionally, in only one case was there a transition from microglandular hyperplasia to adenocarcinoma--in a patient who was not on oral contraceptives but who received medroxyprogesterone acetate for vaginal bleeding. These findings fail to support the hypothesis that use of oral contraceptives or presence of microglandular hyperplasia is causally related to the development of endocervical carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Immunolocalization of aromatase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and side-chain-cleavage cytochromes P-450 in the human ovary.

Immunohistochemical localization of cholesterol side-chain-cleavage, 17 alpha-hydroxylase and aromtase cytochromes P-450 was performed in 35 morphologically normal human premenopausal ovaries by using specific antibodies against the enzymes. In well-developed ovarian follicles in the late stages of follicular growth, immunoreactivity of P-450AROM was only seen in granulosa cells while P-450(17 alpha) and P-450SCC activity was confined to theca interna cells, confirming that follicular oestrogen is produced in granulosa cells by the aromatization of androgens derived from the theca interna cells. In the corpus luteum, this functional differentiation is maintained, since immunoreactivity of P-450AROM was exclusively present in luteinized granulosa cells while that of P-450(17 alpha) was present in luteinized theca calls. Immunoreactivity of P-450SCC was present in both types of cells in the corpus luteum.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Oncocytic carcinoma of the male breast.

Primary oncocytic carcinoma of the breast was diagnosed in a 76-year-old man. The histologic and electron microscopic features are characteristic of oncocytic neoplasms that occur at other sites, such as salivary glands and endocrine organs. The pathologic features and the presence of estrogen receptors biochemically are distinct from apocrine carcinoma. The patient is alive 7 years after modified radical mastectomy without additional chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Hyperthecosis of the ovary. Clinicopathologic study of 19 cases with immunohistochemical analysis of steroidogenic enzymes.

Nineteen cases of ovarian hyperthecosis found in the Surgical Pathology Department files of the George Washington University Medical Center between 1976 and 1988 were reviewed. In all of these cases the ovaries were removed as part of a procedure for another clinical diagnosis. None of the cases was associated with clinical virilization, but the endometrium was abnormal in 15 of the 17 cases in which it was available for examination, ranging from simple hyperplasia to well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of the ovarian lesion for cytochromes P-450 17 alpha and P-450AROM, which catalyze androgen and estrogen synthesis, respectively, was performed in nine cases in which adequate tissue was available. P-450 17 alpha was localized in luteinized stromal cells in six of these cases--the endometrium of four of which was carcinomatous--while P-450AROM was not present in any case. These results confirm androgen production by the luteinized stromal cells in hyperthecosis, and suggests that estrogenic effects in these cases are mediated through peripheral aromatization of these androgens.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of lectin binding in benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

The lectin binding properties of ten cases each of adenomatoid nodule, follicular adenoma, and papillary carcinoma and five cases of microinvasive follicular carcinoma were examined histochemically and compared with adjacent normal thyroid tissue. Wheat germ agglutinin, concanavalin A, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, peanut agglutinin, soybean agglutinin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin, and Helix pomatia agglutinin were employed. All the lectins but Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, peanut agglutinin, and Helix pomatia agglutinin were bound to thyroid parenchymal cells, colloid and stromal cells, but none uniquely to thyroid parenchymal cells. Helix pomatia agglutinin binding was present in stromal cells but not in parenchymal cells. Ulex europaeus agglutinin I binding to parenchymal cells was weakly positive only in five cases of papillary carcinoma. The binding in adenomatoid and neoplastic cells and their colloid was stronger than in adjacent normal thyroid tissue in all cases examined. Wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A binding was most intense among the lectins examined. In papillary carcinoma, lectin binding was observed mostly in the apical cytoplasm of carcinoma cells, whereas a diffuse surface binding pattern was predominant in follicular adenoma and carcinoma, adenomatoid nodules and normal thyroid gland. No consistent differences in lectin binding were found between follicular adenoma and carcinoma, or between adenomatoid nodules and follicular neoplasia.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Intraoperative pathologic consultation. An audit of 1,000 recent consecutive cases.

In order to assess the accuracy of the intraoperative consultation, or "frozen section," a retrospective review of 1,000 consecutive intraoperative consultations was performed. We present these data as a quality assurance assessment and as an update to a body of older literature examining the accuracy of the frozen section. The indications for intraoperative consultation and types of specimen submitted have changed in recent years, and these changes are related to the results in the present study. The increasingly important role of intraoperative cytology as an adjunct to and, in many cases, a replacement for frozen section is also emphasized.

Cell Biology↗
PubMed1988

Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary associated with endometrial adenocarcinoma: a case report.

The first case of ovarian sclerosing stromal tumor associated with endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 44-year-old woman is presented. By ultrastructural study, typical steroid-secreting type theca cells and various transitional tumor cells from fibroblast-like cells to theca-like cells were observed in the ovarian tumor. The clinical history of the patient and the ultrastructural study of this tumor suggested hormonal activity, but no apparent evidence of active hormone secretion was detected by plasma analysis for steroid hormones.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Ovarian tumors associated with atypical endometriosis.

We present five cases in which ovarian neoplasms (three clear cell carcinomas, two endometrioid carcinomas) were associated--and in four cases contiguous--with atypical glandular epithelial changes in endometriosis. This association has not been reported previously in the ovary, but four cases of extragonadal malignant tumors have been noted to occur with or after atypical endometriosis. We propose that a diagnosis of atypical endometriosis be followed by careful long-term observation of the patient to detect possible subsequent development of neoplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Medullary carcinoma of the breast: a clinicopathologic study with appraisal of current diagnostic criteria.

Fifty-three cases of mammary carcinoma originally diagnosed as medullary carcinoma (MC) or infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC) with medullary features were reviewed and reclassified using the strictly defined histologic criteria applied a decade ago by Ridolfi et al. Our study interval (1961 to 1982) allowed for a minimum follow-up of 5 years for each patient, with a mean follow-up period of 7.2 years. When reclassified, 24 tumors fulfilled the criteria for MC, 16 tumors were determined to be atypical MC, and ten tumors were found to be IDC; the observed 5-year survival rates were 95%, 80%, and 70%, respectively. These findings confirmed those of other investigators, that when specific criteria are applied, MC proves to be a form of mammary carcinoma with a favorable prognosis. However, we also found that when tumors were excluded from the MC category solely on the basis of in situ carcinoma, focal marginal infiltration, or a sparse mononuclear infiltrate, the survival rate of these patients was similar to that of patients in the medullary category. Thus, we propose that one of these criteria alone should not suffice to exclude the diagnosis of MC. On the other hand, tumors with two or more of these atypical features, or with extensive marginal infiltration, no mononuclear cellular infiltrate, and/or less than 75% syncytial growth, should be classified as IDC with medullary features. Typical MC with bland nuclei or a focal microglandular growth pattern only were not observed in this series; however, these findings should probably also cause a tumor to be classified in the IDC category. By dividing our cases into two rather than three groups, we found a statistically significant difference between the survival rates of 94% and 64% for MC (34 tumors) and IDC (14 tumors), respectively. Although the latter figure probably exceeds the survival rate for IDC without medullary features, the difference does not appear great enough to warrant a separate diagnostic category.

Adult↗