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Biomedical subjects

S G Lee

Publications and source records attributed to S G Lee.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Clinical correlations of peripheral blood microchimerism after liver transplantation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate microchimerism after human liver transplantation (LT). This study included 13 female recipients who received hepatic allograft from male donors at Asan Medical Center. A nested PCR specific for Y-chromosome gene (DYZ3) was used to analyze the small number of male cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the female recipients. Microchimerism was observed in 6 of 13 recipients and 16 out of 35 samples. Only 3 patients showed microchimerism 3 months after LT. There was no statistical difference between the presence of microchimerism and clinical findings such as type of donor, type of immunosuppression, episode of rejection and age of recipient. This study did not show any clinical relevance of microchimerism and further larger study are needed to confirm the results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Phalangeal and metacarpal fractures of the hand.

This article addresses the types of metacarpal and phalangeal fractures seen in a variety of sports. Treatment options are discussed in depth based on the location, configuration, and associated soft-tissue injuries. This article provides a greater understanding of the treatment algorithm to minimize the possibility of long-term functional consequences for the athlete.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2000

[The scenes of doctor-patient meeting in the contemporary Korean novels: chiefly on the basis of doctor's reading on patients].

"Medicine as an art" implies that there is something in medicine beyond the limit of science. The practice of medicine is far more than the simple application of scientific principles to a particular biologic aberration. The communication between a doctor and a patient is the core component of medical practice, but little attention has been generally drawn to it. This study shows three types of doctor's reading on 'patient' as an alternative model to see the doctor-patient communication on the basis of the concept of 'patient as a text' and Bakhtin's narrative theory. They are monologic, dialogic, and discontinuous readings. In monologic reading, the doctor has one - sidedly the whole power in communication and it reflects only the doctor's point of view. The doctor mainly concerns for the disease and its treatment. In the dialogic reading, the power of doctor-patient is shared and their views are reflected each other The doctor should consider the patient as a human and understand his social and psychological surroundings. If the patient refuses to be treated, especially in the case of terminal cancer patient, he has nothing to do with his doctor. Therefore, the discontinuous reading can be applied and in result, no communication takes place between them. To evaluate the proposed types of the doctor's reading on patient, the three types can be applied to the scene of doctor-patient meeting in the novels. The meetings of lieutenant Sung and medical officers in Sending Back by Jung - In Suh are in accordance with the type of monologic reading. In Wan - Seo Park's Three Days in the Fall, the type of dialogic reading can be applied to that of the doctor I's lives with her patients. In Yong - Moon Chun's The Days of Dead Doctors, the type of discontinuous reading can be applied to the events between Haeng - Oh Kim and doctors in ICU. And the 3 parts of whose figure and relationship with Sorok Island have changed throughout the work. The doctors should have abundant experiences of life to make the dialogic reading possible. The dialogic reading can be realized, in its true sense, only if they see the patient not as a disease, but as a man and only if they make efforts to understand his circumstances.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1999

Characterization of the full-length sequences of phospholipase A2 induced during flower development.

The suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was used to isolate developmentally regulated genes during carnation flower maturation. Carnation flower maturation-related clones obtained by the SSH were serially assigned as CFMI (carnation flower maturation-induced) clones. Northern blot analysis showed that several CFMI clones were differentially expressed during flower development. One of the clones, CFMI-3, showed similarity to various animal secretory phospholipases A2 (PLA2). Since little is known about PLA2 gene sequence in plant species, the CFMI-3 clone was selected for further characterization by sequence analysis. Full sequence analysis reveals that the CFMI-3 contains a Ca2+ binding domain, a PLA2 active site, and 12 conserved Cys residues, which is a distinct characteristic of PLA2. Amino acid sequence alignment of CFMI-3 to various putative plant PLA2 confirmed that the CFMI-3 cDNA is the full-length putative PLA2 cDNA identified in plant species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Transcriptional activation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and catalase genes by panaxadiol ginsenosides extracted from Panax ginseng.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) converts superoxide radical to H(2)O(2), which is in turn broken down to water and oxygen by catalase. Thus, SOD and catalase constitute the first coordinated unit of defence against reactive oxygen species. A wide variety of chemical and environmental factors are known to induce these antioxidant enzymes. Here, we examined the effect of ginseng saponins on the induction of SOD and catalase gene expression. To explore this possibility, the upstream regulatory promoter region of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and catalase genes were linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) structural gene and introduced into human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Total saponin and panaxatriol did not activate the transcription of SOD1 and catalase genes but panaxadiol increased the transcription of these genes about 2-3 fold. Among the panaxadiol ginsenosides, the Rb(2) subfraction appeared to be a major inducer of SOD1 and catalase genes. The specificity of the Rb(2) effect was further confirmed by time course- and dose-dependent induction experiments. These results suggest that the panaxadiol fraction and its ginsenosides could induce the antioxidant enzymes which are important for maintaining cell viability by lowering the level of oxygen radical generated from intracellular metabolism.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1999

Predictors of diffuse-type in-stent restenosis after coronary stent implantation.

Diffuse-type in-stent restenosis (ISR) is associated with higher rate of restenosis after balloon angioplasty, requiring new therapeutic modalities; therefore, it is clinically important to identify the determinants of diffuse-type ISR. We evaluate the clinical and angiographic variables to predict diffuse-type ISR after coronary stent placement. Two hundred and ten ISR lesions in 196 patients (diffuse ISR, 114 lesions; focal ISR, 96 lesions) were reviewed in this study. Clinical, procedural and quantitative coronary angiographic parameters were analyzed. Diffuse-type ISR was defined as a > or = 50% lumen narrowing and > or = 10-mm length. Univariate analysis revealed that initial lesion length, smaller vessel size, diabetes, multivessel disease, multiple stents, and long stent were significantly associated with diffuse-type ISR. However, diabetes was the only independent predictor of diffuse-type ISR by stepwise multiple regression analysis (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4-7.4, P = 0.001). Diabetes was associated with diffuse-type ISR after coronary stent placement. It may reflect enhanced rate of neointimal hyperplasia within the stent in diabetic patients.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1999

Percutaneous hot saline injection therapy: effectiveness in large hepatocellular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To report on the efficacy of percutaneous hot saline injection therapy (PSIT) in the treatment of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with 31 HCCs underwent PSIT. Physiologic saline was mixed with contrast medium and Lipiodol; this mixture was boiled and injected into the tumor. Mean tumor diameter was 7.0 cm. Initial regression rates were evaluated at 3-month interval with computed tomography (CT) and alpha-fetoprotein level measurement. Cumulative survival rates were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard regression model was performed to determine the significant prognostic factors. RESULTS: Initial regression rate for all tumors at a 3-month interval was 42% (13 of 31 tumors) and the median survival was 10.0 months (range, 3.0-36.0 months). The significant prognostic factors were encapsulated tumors, tumors less than 10 cm in diameter, tumors with even saline dispersion, tumors with initial regression at 3-month follow-up, and TNM stage II or III rather than IV. CONCLUSION: PSIT is a feasible alternative treatment for a large HCC when transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is not feasible or has failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Parameter dependence of stochastic resonance in the stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley neuron.

Recently, the phenomena of stochastic resonance (SR) have attracted much attention in the studies of the excitable systems under inherent noise, in particular, nervous systems. We study SR in a stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley neuron under Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise and periodic stimulus, focusing on the dependence of properties of SR on stimulus parameters. We find that the dependence of the critical forcing amplitude on the frequency of the periodic stimulus shows a bell-shaped structure with a minimum at the stimulus frequency, which is quite different from the monotonous dependence observed in the bistable system at a small frequency range. The frequency dependence of the critical forcing amplitude is explained in connection with the firing onset bifurcation curve of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron in the deterministic situation. The optimal noise intensity for maximal amplification is also found to show a similar structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Purification and characterization of thermostable D-hydantoinase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus GH-2.

A thermostable D-hydantoinase was isolated from thermophilic Bacillus thermocatenulatus GH-2 and purified to homogeneity by using immunoaffinity chromatography. The molecular mass of the enzyme was determined to be about 230 kDa, and a value of 56 kDa was obtained as a molecular mass of the subunit on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, implying that oligomeric structure of the enzyme is tetrameric. Isoelectric pH of the enzyme was found to be approx 4.3. The enzyme required Mn2+ for the activity and exhibited its highest activity with phenylhydantoin as a substrate. The optimal pH and temperature for catalytic activity were about 7.5 and 65 degrees C, respectively. The half-life of the enzyme was estimated to be about 45 min at 80 degrees C.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Left ventricular muscle mass regression after aortic valve replacement.

Implanting a valve that will reduce left ventricular mass is critical in aortic stenosis. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in 46 aortic valve replacement (AVR) patients receiving a St. Jude Medical (SJM) valve was assessed by serial electrocardiographic and echocardiographic studies during the preoperative, immediate, and late postoperative periods. The patients were divided into three groups according to valve size; 19 mm group (n=9), 21 mm group (n=20), and 23+mm group (n=17). There was no surgical mortality. The NYHA functional class improved from an average of 2.2+/-0.8 preoperatively to 1.3+/-0.5 post-operatively. Left ventricular muscle mass index (LVMI) regression failed to reach statistical significance in the 19 mm group, whereas in the other two groups a steady decrease in the LVMI occurred with follow up. ECG findings were less remarkable showing insignificant differences in voltage among the three groups (p=0.000). In conclusion, the current data suggest that the 19 mm SJM valve may not result in satisfactory left ventricular muscle mass regression despite adequate function, even in small patients. Therefore, additional procedures to accommodate a larger valve may be warranted in the aortic annulus smaller than 21 mm.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Locoregional response and increased natural killer activity after intratumoral injection of HLA-B7/beta2-microglobulin gene in patients with cancer.

The purpose of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of injecting the gene for HLA-B7/beta2-microglobulin into the subcutaneous metastatic nodules of patients who are refractory to conventional treatments. The nine patients evaluated were divided into three groups and given escalating doses of DNA (20, 40, and 100 microg of the HLA-B7 plasmid DNA/lipid complex for each group) every 2 weeks. Biopsy specimens from the treated tumor nodules of all nine patients were positive for the presence of DNA and for HLA-B7 mRNA expression. Moreover, in six of the nine patients, immunohistology of tumor biopsy samples revealed the expression of recombinant HLA-B7 protein. Also, all nine patients showed an increase in NK activity in their circulating peripheral blood lymphocytes. In two lung cancer patients, one partial and one mixed response was observed after gene transfer. These responses were confined to the treated nodules and the untreated locoregional lymph nodes; the lung masses showed no regression. Remission durations were 14 and 6 weeks, respectively, and in a total of 35 cycles no significant toxicities were observed. Immunohistologic analysis revealed an increased infiltration of CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and NK cells after therapy. In two responding cases, direct intratumoral injection of an allogeneic class I gene could elicit an antitumor response in locoregional areas, possibly through the activation of NK cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Synergistic anti-tumor effects with co-expression of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma in murine tumors.

We explored the potential therapeutic benefit of introducing GM-CSF, IFN-gamma or a combination of both factors into CT26 tumor cells. CT26 cells secreting either GM-CSF or IFN-gamma exhibited delayed tumorigenicity; however, cells expressing both GM-CSF and IFN-gamma did not form tumors. Even when wild type CT26 cells were introduced into a distant site of mice that had been inoculated with CT26/GM-CSF/IFN-gamma cells, no tumors were generated. Furthermore, when we injected GM-CSF + IFN-gamma cells into animals bearing established tumors, the tumors were either rejected or their development was delayed, suggesting that synergistic effects were induced against these tumors via a systemic immune response. Histopathological examination of the tumors injected with cells expressing GM-CSF and IFN-gamma combined showed necrosis and few signs of malignancy. The growth of tumors from mice treated with CT26/GM-CSF/IFN-gamma cells exhibited a delay in tumor formation and no effects were seen in athymic nude mice, which are deficient in T lymphocytes, or in splenectomized nude mice, which are deficient in natural killer (NK) cells, respectively. Our data indicate a dual role for T and NK cells in mediating the anti-tumor activity of this therapy. Our results suggest that transduction of tumor cells with both GM-CSF + IFN-gamma results in a powerful synergistic effect of the 2 cytokines that is of greater therapeutic benefit than transduction with either cytokine alone.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Immediate and long-term outcomes of rotational atherectomy versus balloon angioplasty alone for treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis.

This study was performed to compare the effects of rotational atherectomy (RA) plus balloon angioplasty (BA) with those of BA alone for treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis. RA+BA or BA alone was performed in a consecutive, prospective (not randomized) manner in 81 patients with 81 diffuse in-stent restenotic lesions (lesion length > 10 mm): 36 patients underwent RA+BA, and 45 patients BA. Clinical recurrence was the primary end point of this study, and was defined as angina associated with objective evidence of myocardial ischemia on stress testing. Mean follow-up duration was 277 +/- 109 days. In the BA group, acute lumen gain after repeat intervention was significantly lower than that of the original stenting procedure (1.94 +/- 0.63 vs 2.37 +/- 0.51 mm, p <0.05). In the RA + BA group, however, acute lumen gain of repeat intervention was similar to that of the original stenting procedure (2.16 +/- 0.52 vs 2.26 +/- 0.66 mm). Clinical recurrence rate at 6 months follow-up was significantly lower in the RA+BA group than in the BA group (25% vs 47%, p <0.05). Clinical events (death, myocardial infarction, repeat intervention) occurred in 6.7% (3 of 45) of patients in the BA group, but in no patient in the RA+BA group during the follow-up period. The long-term angina-free survival rate was significantly higher in the RA+BA group than in the BA group (72% vs 49%, p = 0.02). In conclusion, RA+BA seems to be a more effective therapeutic modality than BA alone for treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Identification of glycinin in vivo as a polyamine-conjugated protein via a gamma-glutamyl linkage.

To identify a polyamine-conjugated protein by the action of transglutaminase in the absence of radiolabelled polyamine, extracts prepared from the leaves and developing soybean seeds were investigated for the specific activity of transglutaminase and the content of free polyamines. We identified the major storage protein, glycinin, as a polyamine-conjugated protein. This was established by the following procedures: (1) immunolocalization with antibody against putrescine prepared in rabbit against putrescine-BSA conjugate; (2) immunocross-reactivity on nitrocellulose transblot of the purified glycinin subunits by using antibody against putrescine; (3) identification of polyamines in acid hydrolysates of purified glycinin; (4) release of polyamines in proteolytic digests through the catalytic action of gamma-glutamylamine cyclotransferase, an enzyme specific for the disassembly of gamma-glutamylamines. The activity of gamma-glutamylamine cyclotransferase was also identified in soybean seeds.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1998

Isolation of a novel pentachlorophenol-degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. Bu34.

A pentachlorophenol (PCP)-degrading bacterium was isolated from possible PCP-contaminated soil from Pusan, Korea and identified as a member of the genus Pseudomonas. It used PCP as its sole source of carbon and energy. This micro-organism was capable of degrading PCP more effectively, certified by the increase in cell density and the decrease in PCP substrate. Pseudomonas sp. Bu34 was able to degrade a much higher concentration of PCP (4000 mg l-1) than any previously reported PCP-degrading bacteria and fungi and to grow in mineral salts solution containing one of a variety of chlorophenols. In non-acclimated strain Bu34, the cell number decreased from 87 to 99.9% in 75-4000 mg l-1 PCP at 24 h. In the acclimated strain the PCP toxic effect did not appear with 75 mg l-1 PCP treatment, but 1000-4000 mg l-1 PCP decreased the cell number of strain Bu34 by 25% to 24 h and then the cell number slightly increased at 48 h. Therefore, it suggested that the maximum resistance of acclimated strain Bu34 to PCP was 4000 mg l-1 PCP. We suggest that strain Bu34 could be used as a micro-organism for the bioremediation of highly PCP-contaminated soils, water or wood products.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1998

Abscess-forming neutrophilic dermatosis: report of three cases associated with hemopathies.

BACKGROUND: The development of different types of neutrophilic dermatosis is reported to occur in the course of malignant hemopathies. These concern mainly Sweet's syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema elevatum et diutinum and neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis. OBSERVATIONS: We have recently encountered the cases of 3 patients who presented all with multiple acneiform papules and dome-shaped aseptic abscesses leaving scars. Pus was sterile in all except case 3 in which slight Staphylococcus aureus growth was shown. However, in this patient, only steroids were effective demonstrating that this bacterium was not responsible for the disease. Histopathology disclosed a dense dermal polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltrate and some mononuclear cells. Two of these patients had myelodysplastic syndromes while one had IgA myeloma. CONCLUSION: Abscess-forming neutrophilic dermatosis seems to be another type of neutrophilic dermatosis associated with hematological malignancies.

Abscess↗