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Biomedical subjects

S Fukui

Publications and source records attributed to S Fukui.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

An outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with calicivirus in an infant home.

In October 1977 an outbreak of acute infectious diarrhea occurred in an infant home in the city of Sapporo, Japan. Of 34 residents aged two to 20 months, 26 (77%) suffered from diarrhea. In ten of these patients the diarrhea was accompanied by vomiting. Electron microscopic examinations revealed typical calicivirus particles in eight faecal specimens, seven of which were from the group of 26 affected patients (28%) and one of which was from the group of eight infants without symptoms (13%). Immune electron microscopy tests for antibody responses against one of the isolated strains of calicivirus were carried out on 27 paired pre- and post-outbreak sera. Seroconversions were demonstrated in 18 of 19 (95%) affected infants and in six of eight (75%) unaffected infants. One patient with lack of antibody response was the youngest child--two months old. Periodic surveys on enteric viruses circulating in the home revealed that calicivirus was specifically associated with the outbreak of gastroenteritis. These observations provide further evidence for the causative role of calicivirus in acute gastroenteritis in children.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Fermentation of 1,2-propanediol with 1,2-ethanediol by some genera of Enterobacteriaceae, involving coenzyme B12-dependent diol dehydratase.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Aerobacter aerogenes) ATCC 8724 was able to grow anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol and 1,2-ethanediol as carbon and energy sources. Whole cells of the bacterium grown anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol or on glycerol catalyzed conversion of 1,2-diols and aldehydes to the corresponding acids and alcohols. Glucose-grown cells also converted aldehydes, but not 1,2-diols, to acids and alcohols. The presence of activities of coenzyme B(12)-dependent diol dehydratase, alcohol dehydrogenase, coenzyme-A-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase, phosphotransacetylase, and acetate kinase was demonstrated with crude extracts of 1,2-propanediol-grown cells. The dependence of the levels of these enzymes on growth substrates, together with cofactor requirements in in vitro conversion of these substrates, indicates that 1,2-diols are fermented to the corresponding acids and alcohols via aldehydes, acyl-coenzyme A, and acyl phosphates. This metabolic pathway for 1,2-diol fermentation was also suggested in some other genera of Enterobacteriaceae which were able to grow anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol. When the bacteria were cultivated in a 1,2-propanediol medium not supplemented with cobalt ion, the coenzyme B(12)-dependent conversion of 1,2-diols to aldehydes was the rate-limiting step in this fermentation. This was because the intracellular concentration of coenzyme B(12) was very low in the cells grown in cobalt-deficient medium, since the apoprotein of diol dehydratase was markedly induced in the cells grown in the 1,2-propanediol medium. Better cell yields were obtained when the bacteria were grown anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol. Evidence is presented that aerobically grown cells have a different metabolic pathway for utilizing 1,2-propanediol.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of praecordial ST segment mapping as an index of infarct size in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

We evaluated the usefulness and limitations of praecordial ST segment mapping as a clinical means of assessing the size of acute myocardial infarction in 14 patients with anterior myocardial infarction and 13 patients with inferior myocardial infarction. sigma ST, the sum of ST segment elevations, and nST, the number of leads showing ST segment elevation, were obtained from serial electrocardiograms recorded through 39 praecordial leads. The infarct size and period of the evolution of myocardial infarction were estimated respectively from the total creatine kinase (CK) released and the serial changes of the CK releasing rate. sigma ST and nST obtained at the time when the CK release had ceased correlated closely with the total CK released. Peak sigma ST and nST, and values 48 hours after the onset of myocardial infarction, also correlated well with the total CK released; but those on admission or 12 hours after the onset correlated poorly. These results suggest that sigma ST and nST at the end of evolution of myocardial infarction or 48 hours after the onset may be two useful indices for the assessment of infarct size in patients with either anterior or inferior myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

An out-break of acute gastroenteritis due to rotavirus in an infant home.

In December 1976, an outbreak of acute infectious diarrhea occurred among infants who resided in an infant home in the city of Sapporo. Rotavirus infection was proved in 42 (90%) of 47 infants by serologic and/or electron microscopic examinations. Out of 42 infected infants 38(90%) were clinically affected; diarrhea with or without vomiting in 27 (64%), vomiting without diarrhea in 6 (14%) and only febrile episode in 5 (12%). The remaining 4(10%) infants showed no symptoms. Clinical manifestations seemed to differ depending on age. Diarrhea without vomiting was more common in the patients younger than 6 months of age, and vomiting or fever was more common in the groups of older age. Possible reasons for such an age dependency were discussed on the basis of complement-fixation tests using human and calf strains of rotavirus.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Thiamine-induced alteration in sterol composition of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 4228.

The cells of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 4228 grown with added thiamine in a vitamin B-6-free medium did not contain ergosterol and zymosterol (the predominant sterols in cells grown without thiamine). Instead, significant amounts of squalene, lanosterol and unidentified sterols accumulated in the thiamine-grown cells. Of the unidentified sterols, the most predominant was delta5,7-ergostadien-3beta-ol at 26.0% of the total sterol. The accumulation of this sterol in the place or ergosterol (delta5,7,22-ergostatrien-3beta-ol) indicates that the desaturation at C-22 of sterol structure is completely blocked in the thiamine-grown cells. On the basis of chromatographic behaviours, the structures of other unidentified sterols were assumed to be 4alpha-methyl-delta8,24(25)-cholestadien-3beta-ol, 4alpha-methyl-delta 8,24(28)-ergostadien-3beta-ol, delta8,24(28)-ergostadien-3beta-ol and delta5,7,24(28)-ergostatrien-3beta-ol. The accumulation of 4alpha-methyl sterols, in addition to that of a large amount of lanosterol (48.4% of total sterol), suggests that the demethylation processes from lanosterol to zymosterol was partially depressed in the thiamine-grown cells.

Saccharomyces↗
PubMed1978

Urinary excretion of a large amount of bound sialic acid and of under sulfated chondroitin sulfate A by patients with the Lowe syndrome.

Urine samples from two patients with the Lowe syndrome were analyzed for sialic acid and mucopolysaccharides. The sialic acid content, relative to the creatinine content, was 4--5 times higher in these patients' urine than in normal urine. Most of the sialic acid was found in unidentified glycoproteins of high molecular weight, but the levels of sialyllactose and free sialic acid were also elevated about 2 fold. A most remarkable finding was the excretion of undersulfated chrondroitin sulfate A without other mucopolysaccharides normally occurring in urine. It is suggested that a disorder in sulfation of mucopolysaccharides is etiologically implicated in the Lowe syndrome.

Child↗