Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to S Fukuda.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Large acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas in a patient with elevated serum AFP level.

A pancreatic carcinoma, associated with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level, was resected from a 67-year-old man. The tumor was strongly suggested to be an acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas, based on the histological findings of the resected specimen. The tumor measured 12 x 10 x 9 cm, and the cut surface was soft, whitish-yellow, focally necrotic, and hemorrhagic. Under a light microscope, the tumor cells were not arranged in a tubular and trabecular pattern, but rather, showed a tendency toward an acinar structure. Immunohistochemically, alpha 1-antitrypsin- and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin-positive reactions were diffusely positive in most of the tumor cells, while staining for chromogranin, neuron-specific enolase, Grimelius, glucagon, insulin, and alpha-fetoprotein was negative in the tumor cells. We report a large acinar cell carcinoma (associated with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein level), which had been misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma preoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Successful surgical treatment for implanted intraperitoneal metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma.

We report here two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who experienced implanted metastases in the abdominal cavity after hepatectomy or microwave coagulo-necrotic therapy. Hepatic resection and microwave coagulo-necrotic therapy were successful for these tumors, and the postoperative status was satisfactory in both patients. Implanted metastases were discovered in the abdominal cavity of each of these two patients 6 months after surgery. It is necessary to look not only for the presence of liver metastasis but also for the recurrence of the tumor in the abdominal cavity during the follow-up period. Generally, surgical resection for intraabdominal implanted tumors arising from any other abdominal organs is not indicated for improving the patient's quality of life. However, resection of metastatic tumors that occur in the abdominal cavity, arising from hepatocellular carcinoma may be of value in improving patient survival.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Resectable carcinoma of the pancreatic head developing 7 years and 4 months after distal pancreatectomy for carcinoma of the pancreatic tail.

A 67-year-old woman was referred with an abnormal finding on an abdominal echogram but presented with no symptoms; a pancreatic tail tumor was detected by ultrasonography. Biochemical examinations showed slight elevation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen level. The lesion was resected by tail and body pancreatectomy and her postoperative course was uneventful. Seven years and 4 months after the initial operation, however, her serum level of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 was found to be elevated, and a recurrence of pancreatic cancer was suspected. Examinations revealed a mass in the head of the remnant pancreas. The lesion was radically resected by total remnant pancreatectomy. Histological examinations showed that the initial tumor was a well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, while the second tumor was characterized as a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The surgical margins of the distal pancreatectomy specimen were free of atypical cells. Therefore, the position of the second lesion diminished the likelihood that it had developed by intrapancreatic metastasis. This suggests that the second carcinoma in the head of the pancreas may have been a second primary lesion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Insulinoma occurring in association with fatty replacement of unknown etiology in the pancreas: report of a case.

A 66-year-old woman with a 10-year-history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital for investigation of several recent attacks of hypoglycemia. Her fasting blood glucose level was very low, at 30-40 mg/dl, and abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a tumor in the pancreatic tail with fatty changes. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed absence of the main pancreatic duct from the body to tail of the pancreas. Abdominal angiography showed a hypervascular tumor stain in the pancreas, and percutaneous transhepatic portal vein sampling demonstrated a step-up of immunoreactive insulin levels in the splenic vein. Based on these clinical findings, we made a preoperative diagnosis of an insulinoma accompanied by fatty changes in the pancreatic body and tail. During laparotomy for the insulinoma, fat tissue was identified in the anatomic location of the pancreatic body and tail, and resected. Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a number of Langerhans islets in the adipose tissue, and an islet cell tumor with fatty replacement of the pancreatic tissue around the tumor. The insulinoma was found not to have caused obstruction of the main pancreatic duct. We present herein a rare case of an insulinoma that developed in the pancreas, and was associated with fatty replacement of unknown etiology.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2000

Synchronous or metachronous double cancers of the pancreas and other organs: report on 12 cases.

Pancreatic carcinoma carries a poor prognosis, especially invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas. This retrospective study describes the results of the treatment and prognosis for double cancers in which cancer of the pancreas was associated with malignancies in other organs in 12 patients who were diagnosed and treated at Kurume University Hospital. The patients included 4 women and 8 men, with an average age of 67 years. Of the 12 tumors, 7 were metachronous pancreatic cancers which occurred after resections of other organ malignancies. Five patients had synchronous double cancers, one of whom was diagnosed to have gastric cancer on admission. Two other patients of this group were diagnosed to have lung cancer, while the remaining 2 patients suffered from colon cancer. By the time pancreatic cancer was diagnosed, gastrectomies had been performed in 7 patients for either gastric cancer or ulcers. In addition, one patient underwent a hysterectomy for uterine carcinoma and another received a low anterior resection for rectal carcinoma. Four of 5 patients in the synchronous group had nonresectable tumors and a palliative bypass operation was performed in 2 of these patients. Six patients who had metachronous double cancers died because of pancreatic cancer recurrence or metastases. We conclude that the prognosis of double cancers, where cancer of the pancreas is associated with other organ malignancies, primarily depends on the prognosis of the pancreatic carcinoma, and the present study suggests the necessity of long-term follow-up examinations for gastrectomy patients in order to make an early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The major immediate-early genes of human cytomegalovirus induce two novel proteins with molecular weights of 91 and 102 kilodaltons.

Mouse monoclonal antibody MAB810 is known to recognize the major immediate-early (IE) proteins, 68 kDa IE1 (IE1p68) and 80 kDa IE2 (IE2p80), of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Using this antibody we found that two additional proteins with higher molecular weights of approximately 91 (p91) and 102 kDa (p102) are also synthesized in HCMV-infected cells. p91 and p102 were produced in cells stably transfected with plasmid expressing IE1p68 and IE2p80, respectively, and shown to be related with IE1p68 and IE2p80, respectively, in primary amino acid sequence. Taken together, these results indicate that p91 and p102 are expressed from the IE1 and IE2 genes, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

The role of radiotherapy in treating squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal, especially in early stages of disease.

PURPOSE: Our intent was to investigate the role of radiotherapy in treating external auditory canal squamous cell carcinoma, especially in early stages of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The treatment results for 20 patients treated between 1980 and 1998 were retrospectively analyzed. Radiotherapy was used as an initial treatment without surgery in eight patients and with surgery in 12 patients. The patients treated by radiotherapy alone received 65 Gy in 26 fractions over 6.5 weeks. The patients treated with radiotherapy perioperatively received 30-75 Gy in 12-30 fractions. The follow-up period for survivors including patients died of intercurrent disease ranged from 7 to 205 months (mean: 71 months). RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method for all patients was 59%. According to Stell classification (Laryncol. Otol. 99 (1985) 847), the 5-year survival rates for eight patients with T1 disease and eight with T2 disease were 100 and 38%, respectively. In the eight patients with T1 disease, disease control was 100%. Local control with hearing preservation was achieved in five patients with T1 disease by radiotherapy alone. No late complications related to radiotherapy were observed. CONCLUSIONS: A precise diagnosis of the disease in terms of whether or not it has invaded the bone is important in order to predict the treatment outcome. Radiotherapy with or without surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with T1-stage disease. Surgery with radiotherapy is recommended as standard care for tumors with bony invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Accumulation of tumor suppressor p53 in rat muscle after a space flight.

Tumor suppressor p53 functions as a cell cycle checkpoint under stressful conditions. Early studies have shown that genotoxic stress activates p53 pathway. Recently, many kinds of non-genotoxic stress such as heat shock, cold shock, and low pH also have been found to activate p53 pathway. The effects on living organism remains to be explored. Here, we show that an 18-day space flight induced a 3.6 fold accumulation of p53 in rat skeletal muscle. This results suggests that the p53 pathway plays a role in safeguarding genomic stability against the stressful space environments and supports our previous observation of p53 accumulation in rat skin after a space flight.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Involvement of presurgical pain in preemptive analgesia for orthopedic surgery: a randomized double blind study.

Preemptive analgesia (PA) is effective in animal models but its clinical effectiveness remains controversial. We examined the effect of preexisting pain on PA. Subjects were recruited from patients needing orthopedic surgery. Some had presurgical pain (fracture surgery and arthritic surgery), while others had no presurgical pain (removal surgery for a tumor, nail or plate). Epidural morphine or a saline control was given preemptively before surgery and maintained until skin closure. Following skin closure, naloxone or placebo was injected intravenously to erase the aftereffects of the morphine. After total recovery, the PCA pump was set to inject epidural morphine. Pain intensity after surgery was measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the amount of morphine used within 48h after surgery. PA was significantly effective for removal surgery, but ineffective for fracture or arthritic surgery. For the fracture and arthritic surgery PA treatment groups, there was a significant correlation between pre- and postsurgical (6h) spontaneous pain, while the corresponding control groups showed no significant correlation. Postsurgical VAS values in the fracture and arthritic surgery control groups increased significantly compared with presurgical VAS values. PA was effective when presurgical pain was absent, but ineffective when presurgical pain was present. We propose that central sensitization is already established by presurgical pain, and preserved until the termination of surgery. The ineffectiveness of PA did not depend on whether the pain was acute (fracture surgery) or chronic (arthritic surgery).

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Development of mushrooms for thrombosis prevention by protoplast fusion.

With thrombosis a major cause of death in Japan and the Western world, thrombin-inhibitory agents that constrain the formation of fibrin are sought. We screened for basidiomycetes showing anti-thrombin activity and isolated Laetiporus sulphureus. However, it was difficult to cultivate and its form was not satisfactory. We therefore used protoplast fusion between L. sulphureus and the commonly cultivated basidiomycete Hypsizygus marmoreaus to obtain cultivable basidiomycetes that produced an anti-thrombin substance. For the protoplast fusion of L. sulphureus and H. marmoreaus, the protoplast concentration, alternating electric field intensity, dielectrophoresis duration, and field pulse intensity used were of 1 x 10(7) protoplasts/ml, 100 V/cm.1 MHz, 60 s, and 8 kV/cm, respectively. The number of regenerated colonies obtained was 4961, from which 43 strains were selected for electrophoretic analysis. Four of the fusants were found to have a band from each parent in isozyme patterns obtained using their crude extract. The fruiting bodies of the fusants were very similar to those of H. marmoreaus. Crude extract from each of the fusants and from L. sulphureus showed anti-coagulative activity in terms of the thrombin clotting time. We thus obtained improved basidiomycetes that produce an anti-thrombin substance, are easily cultivated, and whose form resembles H. marmoreaus, a commonly used culinary mushroom.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

The validity and reproducibility of an oral rating index as a measurement of gingival health care and oral hygiene level in adults.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reproducibility of an oral rating index (ORI) as a conceptual measurement of "gingival health care" level in adults. The study was conducted on 163 patients who received medical examinations and attended for dental checkups at a hospital. The score of the ORI was recorded as excellent (+2), good (+ 1), questionable (0), poor (-1) or very poor (-2). The validity of the ORI was investigated by comparing it with: Jackson's gingivitis index (GI); Greene & Vermillion's debris index (DI) and calculus index (CI); probing pocket depth (PPD); and percentage of bleeding on probing (%BOP). The intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of the ORI was assessed on a flat screen using patients' color transparencies of the mouth. The ORI had significantly negative correlations with the GI, DI, CI, and PPD (p<0.001). The K values were 0.604-0.672 for intra-examiner reproducibility, and 0.441-0.449 for inter-examiner reproducibility. The present study suggests that the ORI has moderate to good intra-examiner and inter-examiner reproducibility. Mouth examination using the ORI appears to provide useful information that will enable a dental professional or health educator to make sensible decisions on the type and level of oral health instruction according to adults' gingival health care level.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Human bone marrow stroma-dependent cell line MOLP-5 derived from a patient in leukaemic phase of multiple myeloma.

The novel multiple myeloma (MM) cell line MOLP-5 and its homologous sister cell line B407, a lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL), were established from the peripheral blood of a 71-year-old Japanese patient with Bence-Jones kappa-type multiple myeloma (stage IIIB with hyperammonaemia and hypercalcaemia). The growth of MOLP-5 cells is constitutively dependent on bone marrow stroma (BST) cells; none of the cytokines tested nor the culture supernatant of the bone marrow stroma cells could support the growth of MOLP-5. Wright-Giemsa-stained MOLP-5 cells showed typical plasma cell morphology with abundant cytoplasm and one to three nuclei. The immunoprofile of MOLP-5 corresponds to that seen typically in primary MM cells: positive for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (Ig) kappa light chain, CD28, CD29, CD38, CD40, CD44, CD49d, CD54, CD56, CD58, CD71, CD138 and PCA-1; the cells were negative for surface Ig and various other B-cell, T-cell and myelomonocyte-associated immunomarkers. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor mRNA was found in the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. IL-6 and IL-10 could induce cellular proliferation in short-term induction experiments. IL-6 or IL-10 production was not detected by specific enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). MOLP-5 cells expressed parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) at the mRNA level. Cytogenetic analysis showed the typical t(11; 14) chromosome abnormality. The novel MOLP-5 cell line together with the B407 B-LCL sister line will be useful model systems in the investigation of the biology of MM.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed2000

Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus using bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay.

A bioluminescent enzyme immunoassay (BLEIA) method for detecting protein A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus was developed using biotinylated firefly luciferase. The BLEIA was able to detect protein A at one pg ml-1 and 103 cfu ml-1 level of Staph. aureus. The BLEIA showed significant signals with overnight cultures of all 24 Staph. aureus strains, and the BLEIA did not show any significant signals with overnight cultures of all 44 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci and the other genus bacteria. After 5 h cultivation beginning at approximately 50 cfu ml-1, the BLEIA was able to detect all 35 Staph. aureus strains isolated from healthy humans.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2000

Clarithromycin-resistance and point mutations in the 23S rRNA gene in Helicobacter pylori isolates from Japan.

BACKGROUND: Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin is mostly due to the point mutations in the 23S rRNA. In Japan, however, the frequency of these mutations has not been fully investigated. Furthermore, no study has used gastric biopsy specimens to detect these point mutations. METHODS: The frequency of primary clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori was examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Eighty-two strains (42 isolated from patients with gastric cancer and 40 isolated from patients with chronic gastritis) were examined. Two biopsy specimens obtained from patients in whom eradication therapy including clarithromycin had failed were also studied. RESULTS: Either A2143G or A2144G point mutation was detected in 90% of clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori strains. Eight out of 82 strains (9.8%) had either A2143G or A2144G point mutation. Only one out of 42 strains in patients with gastric cancer had A2143G mutation, whereas five strains had A2144G and two had A2143G mutations in 40 strains isolated from control subjects. The proportion was significantly lower in patients with early gastric cancer (P < 0.05). This PCR-RFLP was also applicable for DNA samples extracted from biopsy specimens and infection of clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori was observed. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene is commonly seen in clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori and it contributes to the treatment failure in Japan. The PCR-RFLP system is a sensitive method by which to diagnose H. pylori infection as well as a simple method for detecting clarithromycin resistance without bacterial culture.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Histological analysis of gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with early gastric cancer: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. However, most patients with H. pylori infection will not develop gastric cancer. The aims of the present study were to examine which histological features, including H. pylori infection, would increase the risk of gastric cancer using a case-control study. METHODS: Three gastric biopsy specimens were taken from 72 patients with early gastric cancer and 72 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The grade of gastritis was examined according to the updated Sydney System. The presence of H. pylori infection was determined by serology and histology. Odds ratio (OR) of developing gastric cancer was calculated for H. pylori positivity and histological features using conditional logistic regression. For patients with H. pylori infection, histological features in cancer patients and control subjects were compared. RESULTS: The OR of the presence of mononuclear cell infiltration in the corpus and intestinal metaplasia in the angulus were significantly elevated. The grade of mononuclear cell infiltration in the corpus and antrum was significantly higher in both types of cancer patients than controls. Glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia were increased in patients with intestinal-type cancer in the angulus and antrum. Bacterial density in the corpus and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration in the antrum were increased in patients with diffuse-type cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Severe chronic gastritis induced by H. pylori infection seems to be associated with diffuse-type gastric cancer. Glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, which occur in gastric mucosa with chronic inflammation, are significantly associated with intestinal-type cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Development of a rapid positive/absent test for coliforms using sensitive bioluminescence assay.

We have developed a sensitive bioluminescence assay for beta-galactosidase using a luminescent substrate, D-luciferin-O-beta-galactopyranoside (LuGal). The detection limit for beta-galactosidase was 3 x 10-20 mol per assay, which was approximately 50-fold more sensitive than the test using a fluorescent substrate. This assay was applied to a positive/absent (P/A) test for coliforms. Observations made after 7 h of culture followed by a 10-min enzyme assay using LuGal were comparable to those made after a 22-24-h culture by the current method. Therefore, the LuGal method allows a rapid P/A test for coliforms.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed2000

Frequent cyclin D1 expression in chromate-induced lung cancers.

Ex-chromate workers are frequently afflicted with lung cancers, especially central-type squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the lung. However, little is known about the molecular and cellular biologic characteristics of chromate-induced lung cancers. We investigated expression of cyclin D1, bcl-2, and p53 proteins in chromate-induced lung cancers by immunohistochemistry, compared with those in lung cancers from nonexposed individuals and those in individuals with pneumoconiosis. Of 19 chromate-induced lung cancers, 16 tumors were SCCs, including 11 central and 5 peripheral types. Eleven (69%) of 16 chromate SCCs showed cyclin D1 expression. In contrast, cyclin D1 expression was observed in only 3 (12%) of 26 SCCs from nonexposed individuals and 6 (16%) of 37 SCCs that developed in patients with pneumoconiosis, respectively. The frequency of cyclin D1 expression proved to be significantly higher in chromate-induced SCCs than in SCCs from nonexposed individuals and from those with pneumoconiosis (P < .001). When comparisons were extended to all histologic types of lung cancer, cyclin D1 expression was observed significantly more often in chromate-induced lung cancers than in lung cancers from nonexposed subjects and those from patients with pneumoconiosis (11 [58%] of 19 v 5 [10%] of 52, P < .001, and 7 [11%] of 63, P < .001, respectively). Frequencies of bcl-2 and p53 expression were not significantly different among lung cancers from ex-chromate workers, nonexposed individuals and those with pneumoconiosis. The current study suggests that cyclin D1 expression may be involved in the development of chromate-induced lung cancers, although its underlying mechanism remains to be determined.

Adenocarcinoma↗