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Biomedical subjects

S Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to S Fukuda.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Neonatal subdural hematoma secondary to birth injury. Clinical analysis of 48 survivors.

In order to evaluate the treatment and prognosis of subdural hematoma in neonates, we analyzed 48 survivors in the 3-year period January 1979 to December 1981. Based on the CT findings, the hematomas were grouped into four types according to location: type I, localized around the posterior interhemispheral fissure (25 cases, 52%); type II, extending from the posterior interhemispheral fissure to the hemispheric convexity (5 cases, 10%); type III, extending from the incisura to the posterior fossa (15 cases, 31%); and type IV, subdural hematoma accompanied by intracerebral hemorrhage (3 cases, 7%). Intracranial pressure was measured via the anterior fontanel in 13 cases. In 10 cases of extensive hemorrhage, the pressure exceeded 200 mm H2O. The age of the patients was from 0 to 7 days. There were 36 mature (75%) and 12 premature (25%) infants. The mothers were primiparous in 27 cases (56%). Fetal presentation was cephalic in 38 cases (79%), in 10 of which (21%) suction delivery was performed, and breech in 11. The fundus oculi was examined in 32 cases. Retinal hemorrhage was noted in 12 cases; it did not correlate with the type of hematoma or the intracranial pressure. Operations were performed in 13 cases; 1 of type I, 4 of type II, 5 of type III, and 3 of type IV. Functional prognoses were found to be as follows: type I, normal 15, abnormal 4, undetermined 6; type II, normal 4, abnormal 1; type III, normal 13, abnormal 1, undetermined 1; type IV, normal 1, abnormal 2 cases.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1987

Benign schwannoma of the pterygopalatine fossa with intracranial extension: a case report.

The authors present a rare case of benign schwannoma arising in the pterygopalatine fossa. The patient, an 18-year-old female, initially noticed blurring of her left eye but later, sudden loss of her left vision occurred. Radiological and computed tomographic studies outlined a mass occupying the left pterygopalatine fossa, which extended into the middle cranial fossa, the maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses and the orbit. The histology of a transantral biopsy was reported as a benign schwannoma. The tumor was successfully removed by a transmaxillary approach. The eye symptoms disappeared four weeks following surgery. The nerve of origin of the tumor was not identified. The authors posturate that erosion of the skull base with mild to moderate extension into the middle cranial fossa, does not appear to be a contraindication for excising a schwannoma by the transmaxillary approach in this area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis: a clinicopathological study of 50 autopsy cases.

Fifty cases of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis found in Japanese infants are reported. Nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis is associated with various pathological conditions, twin transfusion syndrome including acardiac monsters, fetal heart diseases, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, pulmonary sequestration, pulmonary lymphangiectasia, intrauterine infections such as cytomegalovirus infection and neonatal hepatitis, congenital neuroblastoma, Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, cystic hygroma, and chromosomal aberrations. The mechanism of hydrops fetalis found in these conditions is discussed from various viewpoints. Despite a careful examination, no causative conditions were found in 14 cases. The placenta showed a proliferation of Hofbauer cells that were strongly positive for immunoreactive alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and there were other common findings such as edema of terminal villi and fibrin thrombi.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

17beta-Estradiol-induced cell transformation and aneuploidy of Syrian hamster embryo cells in culture.

The ability of 17 beta-estradiol to induce morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells was examined and dose-dependent increases were observed over the concentration range of 1-10 micrograms/ml. However, treatment of the cells with 17 beta-estradiol failed to induce any detectable increases in gene mutations, chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges or unscheduled DNA synthesis. In contrast, over the dose range that was effective in inducing cell transformation, 17 beta-estradiol induced numerical chromosome changes (both chromosome gains and losses). These findings are similar to the reported observations with the synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol, and support the hypothesis that aneuploidy induction is important in cell transformation and possibly carcinogenesis induced by estrogens.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1987

Correlation between function of the pituitary-thyroid axis and metabolism of catecholamines by the fetus at delivery.

The relationship between the pituitary-thyroid axis and the metabolism of catecholamines has been studied in 33 maternal, arterial and venous cord blood specimens obtained at the time of normal vaginal delivery, following uncomplicated pregnancies. Ten fetal cord blood samples were collected at the time of elective caesarean section. Levels of noradrenaline and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were measured in all these samples, using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrochemical detection method, and TSH was measured by radioimmunoassay. In cord arterial blood samples at vaginal delivery the levels of plasma noradrenaline and serum TSH were significantly increased, but those of DOPAC, which reflects central dopaminergic activity, were unchanged when compared to samples obtained at elective caesarean section. Within the same samples there was a significant correlation between the levels of plasma noradrenaline and those of serum TSH. Noradrenaline is believed to have a stimulatory and dopamine an inhibitory influence on TSH secretion. The fetal thyroid gland seems to respond adequately to the stimulus of TSH at term. The present study suggests that catecholamines, especially noradrenaline, may regulate secretion of TSH from the pituitary gland in the fetus at delivery and that elevation of TSH probably induces a subsequent rapid increase in thyroid hormones in the neonate.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Alcuronium pretreatment attenuates succinylcholine-induced increases in plasma catecholamine concentrations in humans.

The effect of alcuronium given before succinylcholine (SCh) on plasma catecholamine concentrations, systolic blood pressure and heart rate was studied in patients anesthetized with enflurane. Twenty-one patients were divided into three groups; six control patients without SCh, eight SCh (1 mg/kg) patients, and seven pretreated patients given alcuronium, 0.04 mg/kg, 5 min before SCh, 1 mg/kg. In the SCh group, mean plasma norepinephrine concentrations, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate significantly increased with onset of fasciculations, whereas in the pretreated patients these variables did not change significantly and no fasciculation was observed. These results indicate that alcuronium pretreatment significantly attenuates the SCh-induced increases in plasma norepinephrine concentrations, systolic blood pressure and heart rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lidocaine modifies the effect of succinylcholine on muscle oxygen consumption in dogs.

The effects of succinylcholine (SCh: 2 mg/kg) alone and in combination with lidocaine (4.5 mg/kg in two increments) on muscle oxygen consumption (VO2) and blood flow (MBF) in normal and denervated gastrocnemius muscle were studied in 18 dogs anesthetized with halothane (0.94%, end tidal) to examine the interactions of both drugs at the neuromuscular junction. In an additional five dogs with normal gastrocnemius muscle, the effects of lidocaine alone on VO2 and MBF were also studied. In normal muscle, VO2 increased as much as 150% with SCh alone, while with the combination of lidocaine and SCh, VO2 remained unchanged. MBF remained unchanged with SCh alone and the combined use of lidocaine and SCh. Neither the VO2 nor MBF was affected by lidocaine alone. In denervated muscle, VO2 increased as much as 304% with SCh alone and MBF increased 115%. With the combined use of SCh and lidocaine the VO2 in denervated muscle increased up to 360% with a 290% increase in MBF. These findings indicate different effects of lidocaine on metabolic and circulatory responses to SCh in normal and in denervated muscles in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Studies on cefuzoname in the field of pediatrics].

Cefuzoname (CZON, L-105) a newly developed cephalosporin, has broad spectrum on Gram-positive or -negative bacteria and may also be effective against Staphylococcus aureus against which third generation cephalosporins are largely ineffective. We studied the pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of CZON on infectious disease of children. The diseases we studied included 2 cases of bacterial meningitis and 1 case each of viral meningitis, enterocolitis, upper respiratory infection, pneumonia, and mycoplasmal pneumonia. CZON was administered by drip infusion. Dose levels were 20-53 mg/kg/30-60 minutes, 3 times a day. For 5 cases, was studied time course of concentrations of CZON in plasma. Median T 1/2 was 0.96 hour. Concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were studied in cases of pneumonia and bacterial meningitis. In the case of pneumonia the CSF concentration of CZON was 0.272 microgram/ml after 45 minutes, in the case of meningitis they were 0.155 microgram/ml after 5 hours. Both of these values were higher than MIC of 0.025 microgram/ml against Haemophilus influenzae which was isolated from a case of bacterial meningitis. This MIC was lower than that of cefotiam and cefazolin, as well as of cefmenoxime. Clinical effects were excellent on pneumonia, good on upper respiratory infection, fair on mycoplasmal pneumonia. CZON, however, was ineffective in the treatment of a case of bacterial meningitis from which a susceptible strain of H. influenzae was isolated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗