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Biomedical subjects

S Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to S Fukuda.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Effects of various histamine H2-receptor antagonists on gastrointestinal motility and gastric emptying].

Effects of various histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2-RA) on gastrointestinal motility and gastric emptying were investigated. Ranitidine, nizatidine and cimetidine dose dependently induced contractions over the entire gastrointestinal tract, and the order of their effects was ranitidine > nizatidine > cimetidine. Roxatidine or famotidine had no effects on motility of the gastrointestinal tract. Ranitidine and nizatidine also induced contractions during the postprandial period and facilitated gastric emptying, while cimetidine, roxatidine or famotidine did not influence gastric emptying. Since acid reduction is thought to be the most important element of the treatment of peptic ulcer and reflux esophagitis, it was inferred that administration of a H2-RA selected with consideration of its property of facilitating gastrointestinal motility is effective in the treatment of patients with abnormal gastrointestinal motility.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Epidermoid cysts of the callosal region--three case reports.

Three patients with rare epidermoid cyst in the callosal region are described, two adjacent and one in the corpus callosum. Computed tomography revealed atypical features, i.e. a large, well-defined high-density mass unenhanced postcontrast and a well-defined hypodense mass with marginal calcification in one case each. Such a diffuse high-density mass may be caused by hemorrhage, highly concentrated protein or calcification of keratinized debris within the cyst. Marginal calcification may occur for unknown reasons. The cysts were subtotally removed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Latent herpes simplex virus type 1 in human vestibular ganglia.

Viral infection has been considered to be a possible pathogenesis of vestibular neuronitis, and reactivation of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most likely causes. However, it remains unknown whether the human vestibular ganglia contain latent HSV. We examined 26 vestibular ganglia from autopsied adults in search of HSV type 1 (HSV-1). To detect HSV-1, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining. HSV DNA was detected in 6 of 10 vestibular ganglia using the PCR method. However, the latency-associated transcript (LAT) of HSV-1 was negative in all of the 16 vestibular ganglia examined. No HSV antigen was detected in any of the ganglia. These results indicate that HSV-1 is latently infected in the human vestibular ganglia, and that LAT is transcribed weakly or not at all.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Birch pollen nasal allergy in Sapporo and its cross reactivity with alder pollen].

We reported here 53 cases of birch pollen nasal allergy treated in our department from 1990 to 1991. The 53 patients constituted 16% of 335 total nasal allergy patients. In recent years, the number of birch pollen nasal allergy patients has apparently been gradually increasing in Sapporo. Skin tests, radioallergosorbent test (RAST) determinations and nasal provocation tests were performed for the diagnosis of birch pollen nasal allergy, and high degrees of correlation were observed among these tests. Therefore, it seems to be reasonable to determine the birch pollen allergy with only a positive case history of early springtime hay fever and RAST determination. A high correlation coefficient (Rho) value was found with RAST determinations between birch pollen and alder pollen. Furthermore, RAST of alder pollen was significantly inhibited by birch pollen extracts. These results indicate cross reactivity, presumably due to partial immunologic identity between these two pollen allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical significance of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) for the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis in the early stage].

In recent years, the prognosis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) has been dramatically improved by treatment with cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids, if the diagnosis is made correctly in the early stage of the disease. However, it is often difficult to diagnose of WG relying only on clinical symptoms and histological confirmation with biopsy specimens. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) has already been reported to have high sensitivity and specificity for WG. Since February, 1991, we examined this antibody level in the sera of patients suspected of having WG using an indirect immunofluorescence technique, and have experienced nine WG patients who were ANCA positive. Six of the 9 patients showed limited forms of WG before active generalized symptoms developed, and only 3 were diagnosed as having WG with pathologic findings from their biopsy samples. These results show that correct diagnosis of WG is possible with the aid of ANCA determination, even if the patient has a limited form of the disease and even without evidence of characteristic pathologic features of WG on biopsy specimens. Therefore, it is apparent that ANCA determination is a valuable tool for diagnosing WG as early as possible. In Japan, the ANCA test is not as yet a common laboratory examination and has only rarely been used as seromarker for the diagnosis and treatment of WG. We believe that ANCA determination is essential for the diagnosis of WG, especially in its early stage, which leads to a better prognosis for WG patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Changes in human spontaneous otoacoustic emissions with contralateral acoustic stimulation].

According to current cochlear concepts, spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) are thought to be the product of outer hair cell (OHCs) movement. Furthermore, efferent neurofibers from the olivocochlear bundle primarily innervate OHCs. Thus, we designed this investigation to determine changes in SOAE under conditions of contralateral acoustic stimulation. Fouty-two normal ears of 34 subjects with uni- or bilateral SOAEs were examined. The sound pressure level (SPL) of SOAE was measured 3 times in each subject and was initially averaged. The white noises of 30 or 40dBSPL, believed not to affect the other side, were then loaded contralaterally and the SPL of SOAEs were measured and compared with the non-loaded data. The SPL of single SOAEs were actually suppressed with 40dBSPL stimulation while the SPL of multiple SOAEs showed typical changes. Interestingly, no significant suppression of SOAEs was noticed under conditions of contralateral acoustic stimulation of the impaired ear. These data suggest that contralateral acoustic stimulation could affect OHC function via the olivocochlear bundle.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of radionuclide studies in the 8 patients with Takayasu's arteritis].

We evaluated various radionuclide studies performed in the 8 patients with Takayasu's arteritis over the past six years. Radionuclide angiography was performed in 5 patients to investigate the lesions of the branches of the aortic arch, and it demonstrated abnormalities of the affected arteries in 4 patients. Pulmonary perfusion scan demonstrated single or multiple reduced perfusion sites in all the 5 patients examined, while chest radiographies of these patients did not show any abnormalities in the reduced perfusion sites except one case. Renal scintigraphy revealed reduced renal blood flow in 3 patients. In one of those patients, MRI, CT and DSA studies could not detect any stenotic change in the renal artery. Exercise thallium scan revealed myocardial ischemic changes in 2 patients. One of them had angina pectoris, but another patient did not have any complaints. Of the 6 patients who were examined more than one kind of radionuclide studies, five patients showed abnormalities in more than one study. Ambiguous symptoms at the initial stage and rareness of Takayasu's arteritis may delay diagnosis. Radionuclide studies, which can be performed easily and noninvasively to investigate various organs and to depict multiple vascular involvement, seem to be a useful diagnostic tool of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The right gastroepiploic artery graft. Clinical and angiographic midterm results in 200 patients.

From March 1986 to September 1991, the right gastroepiploic artery has been used for coronary artery bypass grafting in 200 patients (171 male and 29 female patients, mean age 58 years, range 6 to 80 years. They were followed up from 6 to 70 months with a mean of 27 months. There were 16 reoperations and 176 patients had triple vessel or left main disease. The gastroepiploic artery (182 in situ and 18 free grafts) was anastomosed to 11 anterior descending, 3 diagonal, 26 circumflex, and 160 right coronary arteries. The internal thoracic artery was concomitantly used in 192 patients. The mean number of distal anastomoses was 2.3 with arterial grafts and 3.3 including additional saphenous vein grafts. Postoperative angiography was performed in 152 patients within 6 months after the operation (mean 2 months) and after the operation second angiograms were done sequentially 1 to 5 years (mean 2 years) after the operation in 40 patients. There were 6 early and 4 late deaths. A new Q wave was noted in 4 patients. Duration of the operation and postoperative complications did not increase with the use of the gastroepiploic artery. Relief of angina was noted in 186 patients. Gastroepiploic artery graft patency was 95% (144/152) in the early postoperative period and 95% (38/40) in the late postoperative period. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was done successfully through the in situ gastroepiploic artery graft for anastomotic stenosis in four cases. In stress myocardial scintiscans, performed sequentially preoperatively and in the immediate, 1-year, and 2-year postoperative periods in 11 patients, washout rate of the gastroepiploic artery-grafted area improved from 35% +/- 10% to 45% +/- 15% (p < 0.05) and was maintained to 43% +/- 6% and 48% +/- 9% at respective periods. In conclusion, the gastroepiploic artery is a suitable conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting in terms of low surgical risk, high patency rate, and excellent patient outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Serum level of soluble ICAM-1 in subjects with nasal allergy and ICAM-1 mRNA expression in nasal mucosa].

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has been reported to be instrumental in airway eosinophils and airway hyperreactivity. In nasal mucosa, ICAM-1 molecule is observed on the endothelium, around the nasal gland and just below the epithelium. In this study, we investigated the gene expression of ICAM-1 in nasal mucosa and the serum level of soluble ICAM-1. In subjects with nasal allergy sensitized with house dust, a pair of house dust antigen discs were placed on the inferior nasal mucosa on one side, while control discs free of antigen were placed on the other side. After six hours, the inferior nasal mucosa were bilaterally obtained separately. By Southern blot analysis following a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, we detected ICAM-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nasal mucosa. Although the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA was already observed in the nasal mucosa without antigen challenge, it increased six hours after the challenge. The serum level of immunoreactive soluble ICAM-1 in the subjects with nasal allergy and normal subjects was evaluated by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The serum level of soluble ICAM-1 in the subjects with nasal allergy was 380.7 +/- 105.2 ng/ml. It was significantly higher than that of the normal control, which was 278.6 +/- 64.6 ng/ml. These results suggested that the increased expression of ICAM-1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of nasal allergy by facilitating the infiltration of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils and their functional activities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Surgery for ventricular septal defect with aortic regurgitation].

Twenty-two patients (mean age of 12.9 years) with ventricular septal defect (VSD) associated with aortic regurgitation (AR) were treated surgically. Sixteen patients had subpulmonic VSD and six had infracristal VSD. Fourteen patients with subpulmonic VSD underwent VSD closure alone. VSD was closed by pulling up the inferior rim to the pulmonary valve thus support the prolapse aortic cusp. AR improved in two and has remained stable in eleven for 0.5 to 12.7 years (mean 4.4 years). Aortic valve replacement (AVR) was necessary in an adult patient later. Plication of the aortic valve was effective in a young patient but ineffective in an adult patient. In infracristal VSD, AVR was necessary in two adult patients. In a young patient, AR improved by plication. Direct VSD closure ceased progression of AR in three patients. The long-term follow-up shows that VSD closure with our technique has been sufficient to arrest progression of AR in subpulmonic VSD. Early closure of VSD should be emphasized to prevent aortic valve prolapse and regurgitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Infantile cholestasis due to cytomegalovirus infection of the liver. A possible cause of paucity of interlobular bile ducts.

We report a neonatal case of hepatic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection associated with paucity of interlobular bile ducts. The premature infant developed severe jaundice, and died of disseminated CMV infection. The diagnosis of CMV infection was based on detection of pathognomonic inclusions in the liver and on a high titer of CMV antibody in the serum. The hepatic histologic findings in this infant included severe cholestasis, complete absence of interlobular bile ducts in the majority of the portal tracts, and CMV inclusions in the duct epithelium. Interestingly, the CMV inclusions were localized in the bile duct, but not in the parenchyma. We postulate that the paucity of interlobular bile ducts may have been a sequela of CMV infection of the liver arising from destruction of the bile ducts, leading to severe cholestasis.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1993

[The long-term patency rate of saphenous vein grafts and vein graft disease in Japanese patients].

While annual attrition and high break-down rate of saphenous vein graft (SVG) used for CABG has widely noted in Western countries, no sizable studies have yet available in Japan. We studied 142 SVGs of 77 pts, which we divided into two groups; 80 SVGs of 44 pts in mid-term period (5 to 8 years after surgery) and 62 SVGs of 33 pts in long-term period (9 to 17 years after surgery). The patency rate of SVGs was 69% in mid-term and 77% in long-term. Whereas these patency rates at each periods were superior to those reported from USA and European countries, a quarter of SVGs in mid-term period and a half in long-term period had significant stenotic changes (over 50%). Of patent SVGs, diseased SVGs reached 36% in mid-term period and 73% in long-term period. In conclusion, although the patency rate of SVGs in Japanese patients was higher than that of the Western countries, vein graft disease apparently occurred in a large proportion of patent SVGs.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Two-staged repeat myocardial revascularization through the sternal re-entry and the left thoracotomy with coronary anastomosis under the beating heart].

A case report of serial repeat myocardial revascularization under the beating heart. A 56-year-old, hypertensive and hyperlipidemic male suffered from unstable angina who had undergone primary CABG with saphenous veins 10 years ago. The vein graft to the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was solely patent but had a severely stenotic lesion. The stenotic LAD vein graft fed all coronary circulation. The second operation was approached through the sternal reentry but E-PTFE sheat for pericardial closure at the primary operation tightly adhered to an anterior aspect of the heart with abscess formation. So only gastroepiploic artery (GEA) could be anastomosed to the right coronary artery (RCA) under the beating heart without cardiopulmonary pump (CPB). While the postoperative angiogram showed GEA graft was patent, unstable angina recurred. Then the third operation was performed 2 weeks later through the left thoracotomy under the beating heart with CPB. A new saphenous vein was anastomosed from the descending aorta to LAD. He recovered well without any major complications. Postoperative angiogram showed two new grafts widely patent and he discharged with freedom from angina.

Angina, Unstable↗
PubMed1993

[Case report of MRSA sepsis required two valve replacement twice a year--trying case with hyperthermal extracorporeal circulation].

We report a case in conjunction with MRSA sepsis, who needed re-mitral valve replacement (re-MVR) and re-tricuspid valve imposition (re-TVI), and who was successfully treated with a number of antibiotics in conjunction with hyperthermal extracorporeal circulation. Initially, we performed MVR and tricuspid valve superimposition on a 62-year-old woman lationing under the MRSA sepsis condition to control against heart failure. However, she developed a fever following the first operation, and MRSA was detected from her blood cultivation. She thus underwent treatment employing many kinds of antibiotics. A thickened C.E. valve at the tricuspid valve cardiac echogram suggested PVE, we performed a second operation of re-MVR and re-TVI about a year after the first operation. We used a tangl of antibiotics during the operation, adding Vancomycin into the extracorporeal circulation, and utilized hyperthermal extracorporeal circulation. This patient's postoperative course was uneventful, with no recurrence arising at 23 months after the second operation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1993

[Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII: characterization of exonic point mutations and molecular heterogeneity].

We identified two different exonic point mutations causing beta-glucuronidase (beta G1) deficiency in three Japanese patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. The beta G1-specific mRNA levels were normal. Sequence analysis of the full-length mutated cDNAs showed C-->T transitions, which resulted in a single Ala619-->Val change (case 1, a 8-year old female and case 2, a 24-year old male) and a Arg382-->Cys change (case 3, a 7-year-old female). Each of these two amino acid changes reduced the beta G1 activity of the corresponding mutant beta G1 expressed following transfection of COS cells with expression vectors harboring the mutated cDNAs.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Heterogeneous responses of canine basilar and middle cerebral arteries to serotonin at normal and high CO2 tension.

The responses of basilar arteries (BAs) to serotonin were attenuated by high PCO2 (86 +/- 1 mm Hg) and the pH matched acidotic solution (PCO2 37 +/- 1 mm Hg), whereas the responses of middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) were not. High PCO2 decreased the basal tone of both arteries, and the changes in basal tone due to high PCO2 were not influenced by 3 x 10(-7) M imipramine, 10(-5) M pargyline or 10(-4) M aspirin. The responses of BAs to serotonin were attenuated by high PCO2 in the presence of imipramine, pargyline and aspirin. The responses of MCAs to serotonin were not influenced by high PCO2 in the presence of pargyline and aspirin, but attenuated by high PCO2 in the presence of imipramine.

Animals↗