Lobular panniculitis terminating in acute myeloid leukemia.
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
S Fujiwara
Publications and source records attributed to S Fujiwara.
Budding-specific lectin induced in epithelial cells is an extracellular matrix component for stem cell aggregation in tunicates.
We have examined immunocytochemically the expression, localization and in vivo function of a calcium-dependent and galactose-binding 14 x 10(3) Mr lectin purified from the budding tunicate, Polyandrocarpa misakiensis. Lectin granules first appeared in the inner epithelium of a double-walled bud vesicle. Soon after the bud entered the developmental phase, the granules were secreted into the mesenchymal space, where the lectin-positive extracellular matrix (ECM) developed. The lectin was also produced and secreted by granular leucocytes during budding. Hemoblasts, pluripotent stem cells in the blood, were often found in association with the ECM and they aggregated with epithelial cells to form organ rudiments. The lectin showed a high binding affinity for hemoblast precursors. The blockage of epithelial transformation of stem cells by galactose in in vivo bioassy was ineffective in the presence of the lectin. Polyclonal anti-lectin antibody prevented the hemoblasts spreading on the ECM and moving toward the epithelium, but it did not block the cell-cell adhesion of hemoblasts. By three days of bud development, lectin granules and ECM have almost disappeared from the developing bud together with a cessation of hemoblast aggregation. These results show that Polyandrocarpa lectin is a component of the ECM induced specifically in budding and suggest strongly that it plays a role in bud morphogenesis by directing the migration of pluripotent stem cells to the epithelium.
Animals↗
A review of forty-five years study of Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. Hyperparathyroidism.
An epidemiological survey on hyperparathyroidism (HPT) among A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima has been conducted since August 1986. The results are summarized based on proceedings of meetings. The survey demonstrated that the prevalence rate of HPT increased with A-bomb radiation dose. Further analysis is now under way on the relationship between HPT prevalence and radiation dose, sex and age, the results of which will be published in the near future.
Humans↗
On the facial artery of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus Temminck).
Detailed observations were made of the facial artery in 20 raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus Temminck) utilizing the plastic injection method. The findings obtained were discussed in comparison with the facial artery of carnivorae. The facial artery diverged anterolaterally from the external carotid artery independently at a position between the origins of the lingual and the posterior auricular arteries when the external carotid bent laterally in front of the tympanic bulla. This artery, immediately after giving off the styloglossal branch, passed forwards superomedial to the digastricus muscle and medial to the insertion of the pterygoideus medialis muscle up to the posterolateral end of the mylohyoideus muscle, where the submental artery was derived. The submental ran forwards, giving off the digastric, the mylohyoid, the sublingual and the cutaneous branches, down to the posterolateral end of the intermandibular symphysis, where it anastomosed with the opposite fellow. The facial artery bent inferolaterally and passed laterally giving off the pterygoid and the inferior masseteric branches, and then emerged out onto the face through the facial vascular notch located inferoanterior to the angular process, which was extremely well developed in this species. The main stream of the artery ran anterosuperiorly at about 40 degrees to the horizontal plane along the anterior margin of the masseter muscle, since the notch was located on a projected level posterior to the middle of the zygomatic arch, giving rise en route to the anterior masseteric, the mandibular marginal, the buccal and the cutaneous branches. The artery finally divided into the inferior and superior labial arteries at the inferior margin of the mandibular origin of the buccalis muscle in the angle of the mouth. The facial artery of the raccoon dog was thus similar in its origin to that in the dog, cat and lion, but notably different in the short course of its submandibular region, and the nearly horizontal passage of the main route in the face, without the mandibular glandular branch. Additionally an extremely well developed angular process, a submandibular lobe and fairly posterior position of the vascular notch were found.
Animals↗
[Effects of calcium antagonist, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blocker on hemodynamic and sympathetic nerve responses to exercise in essential hypertension].
To investigate the effects of antihypertensive drugs on hemodynamic and sympathetic nerve responses to exercise, graded ergometer exercise tests were performed before and after two-week administration of nifedipine, captopril and metoprolol in 18 patients with essential hypertension. The arterial pressure, heart rates (HR), and left ventricular functions as obtained by echocardiography, and the plasma norepinephrine (PNE) levels, were evaluated at rest and during submaximal exercise before and after two-week treatment with nifedipine (40 mg/day, 5 cases), captopril (37.5-75 mg/day, 6 cases) and metoprolol (60 mg/day, 7 cases). These 3 drugs significantly reduced systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures but caused no significant changes in resting PNE levels. Nifedipine produced no significant changes in HR and cardiac output (CO) at rest, but augmented the increase in HR (delta HR) and SBP (delta SBP) during submaximal exercise. The increase in PNE (delta PNE) was also augmented by nifedipine. Captopril reduced left ventricular end-diastolic volume and CO without changes in HR and fractional shortening (FS) at rest; whereas, it did not affect delta HR, delta CO, delta SBP or delta PNE during exercise. Metoprolol reduced HR and CO at rest, and also resulted in a decrease in delta FS and delta CO during submaximal exercise. delta SBP was unchanged and delta PNE was increased by treatment with metoprolol. These results indicate that, in hypertensive subjects, the effects on the hemodynamic and sympathetic nerve responses to exercise are different among these 3 antihypertensive drugs despite their identical effects on blood pressure.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
[Function of ets proteins: gene regulation coupled with signal transduction].
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Alpharetrovirus↗
[Traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage developing in the apparent course].
The victim, 52 year old man, was thrust down and hit his left occiput against the concrete floor. He was hospitalised and his comatose state continued to the death. On admission, blood pressure was 212/110 mmHg and the computed tomography scan of the head showed only an extensive right subdural hematoma. But the intracerebral hemorrhages in the right frontal, temporal and parietal lobes were recognized 10.5 hours after the trauma. A subdural hematoma was evacuated by operation on the second hospital day. The intracerebellar hemorrhage also appeared 16 hours after the trauma. Blood pressure fluctuated between 160/80 and 200/110 mmHg. The photo of CT scan at 38.5 hours after the trauma showed little subdural hematoma and new intracerebral hemorrhage located in the left temporal lobe. On the third hospital day, he was equipped with a respirator and blood pressure was between 132/84 and 242/100 mmHg. The reaction of the pupils to light disappeared on the 8th hospital day. Blood pressure gradually decreased on the 9th and 10th hospital days and he died on the 11th day. Autopsy revealed a bruise in the left occiput, a linear fracture in the frontal and left parietal bones and a small amount of subdural hematoma on the surface of the right cerebral hemisphere. Cortical contusions were found in the right frontal, the both temporal and the left parietal lobes. Intracerebral hemorrhages were found in the right frontal, the both temporal and the right parietal lobes. Intracerebellar hemorrhage was also found. Cardiac hypertrophy and atherosclerosis of the aorta were recognized. We thought that small hemorrhages which were not clearly detectable by CT scan immediately after injury may have developed into massive intracerebral and intracerebellar hemorrhages due to high blood pressure after a hospitalization.
Brain Injuries↗
[Long survival in a case of metastatic brain tumor].
A 45-year-old man was admitted after resection of a metastatic brain tumor (papillary adenomatous adenocarcinoma, well differentiated) for both therapy and a search for the primary and any other metastatic lesions. An extensive general examination revealed no evidence of malignant lesion except for fibrous change in the right lung apex by roentgenography and CT scan. Histological examination of the right upper lobe and group II lymph nodes revealed a scar cancer presenting the same histology but no evidence of metastasis. The patient, who received CAP and FVM alternately, is currently healthy with no recurrence after 4 years.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Two pediatric cases of moyamoya disease with progressive involvement from unilateral to bilateral].
Moyamoya disease is defined as having bilateral involvement of the internal carotid arteries. Two pediatric cases of moyamoya disease starting with unilateral involvement of the internal carotid artery are reported. In both cases angiographic findings at onset showed unilateral involvement. Hence, they were filed as a "probable" case according to the diagnostic criteria of the Japanese Cooperative Research Committee. The carotid angiograms on the other side showed totally normal findings. Clinical manifestation, EEG findings, angiographic findings, and PET findings in these cases were the same as those of definitive bilateral moyamoya disease. The only exception was the unilaterality of the findings. One to three years later the occlusive lesions became bilateral, and this met the criteria as a "definite" case. We consider that some of the cases of moyamoya disease actually start with unilateral lesion and develop into bilateral. Angiograms in "probable" cases should be carefully followed up to establish the disease entity of this lesion.
Adolescent↗
Cranial fasciitis: case report.
A 2-year-old boy with cranial fasciitis is described. He had a rapidly growing subcutaneous right occipital mass, which was associated with a dimple in the overlying skin. It appeared similar to a malignant subcutaneous tumor with skin invasion. Total resection of the tumor was performed, and the histological diagnosis, cranial fasciitis, was confirmed.
Child, Preschool↗
Nucleotide sequences of two genes CAH1 and CAH2 which encode carbonic anhydrase polypeptides in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
A potent antibacterial protein in royal jelly. Purification and determination of the primary structure of royalisin.
A new potent antibacterial protein, for which we propose the name royalisin, was found in royal jelly of the honeybee Apis mellifera L. and purified to homogeneity for the first time by acid extraction, gel filtration, and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The primary structure of royalisin was determined to consist of 51 residues, with three intramolecular disulfide linkages, having a calculated molecular mass of 5523 Da. Royalisin is an amphipathic protein, with the C-terminal half of the molecule being rich in charged amino acids; and it showed extensive sequence homology to two other antibacterial proteins, sapecin from embryonic Sarcophaga peregrina cells and phormicins from Phormia terranovae larvae. Royalisin was found to have potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria at low concentrations, but not against Gram-negative bacteria. Royalisin may be involved in a defense system active against bacterial invasion of the honeybee.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Heat-inducible translational coupling in Bacillus subtilis.
Bacillus subtilis plasmid pGR71 is a promoter-probe shuttle vector derived from pUB110. The expression of the cat gene on pGR71 in B. subtilis requires the insertion of a Bacillus promoter and a ribosomal binding site (RBS) into the HindIII cloning site immediately upstream from the cat gene. A recombinant plasmid of pGR71, named pGR71-369, was obtained by a spontaneous deletion of a fragment containing most of the inserted HindIII fragment and the replication origin necessary for multiplication in Escherichia coli. The expression of the cat gene in B. subtilis cells carrying this plasmid was inducible by heat. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the upstream region of the cat gene, deletion analysis, and dot blot hybridization analysis of mRNA in various conditions revealed that the cat gene was expressed by heat-inducible translational coupling and that the regulatory region of heat inducibility was present in the upstream region of the cat gene.
Bacillus subtilis↗
ETS family of genes in leukemia and Down syndrome.
The human ETS2 and ERG genes are members of the ETS gene family, with sequence homology to the viral ets gene of the avian erythroblastosis retrovirus, E26. These genes are located on chromosome 21 and molecular genetic analysis of Down syndrome (DS) patients with partial trisomy 21 suggested that ETS2 may be a gene within the minimal DS genetic region. We have, in fact, been able to confirm the presence of the ETS2 gene dosage in triplicate occurring in occult human 21 chromosome abnormalities. It is known that ERG and ETS2 gene translocations occur in certain specific leukemias associated with defined chromosome rearrangements [e.g., t(8;21)]. Moreover, it is known that DS individuals are at greater risk for leukemic disease than their normal familial cohorts, implying that trisomy of that region of human chromosome 21 may play a role in the development of this type of neoplasia. The human ETS genes, first identified in our laboratory, are highly conserved, being found from lower organisms, like Drosophila and sea urchin, to humans. In mammals, the ETS genes are structurally distinct, located on separate chromosomes; they are transcriptionally active and differentially regulated. The ETS2 protein is phosphorylated and turns over with a half-life of approximately 20 min. After activation with the tumor promoter, TPA, the level of ETS2 elevates 5- to 20-fold. The properties of the ETS2 protein, such as nuclear localization, phosphorylation, rapid turnover, and response to protein kinase C, indicate that this protein belongs to a group of oncogene proteins thought to have regulatory functions in the nucleus. In the mouse thymus ets-1 and ets-2 are 8-10-fold higher, respectively, in the CD4+ subset than in other subsets examined, suggesting a role in T-cell development for these genes. Cells transfected with the cellular ets-2 gene, expressing higher levels of ets-2 products, showed a stimulated proliferation response, abolished their serum requirement and formed colonies in soft agar that could induce tumors in nude mice. Collectively, these data suggest that this family of genes might play a role in controlling specific steps of the signaling transduction pathway. Thus, the ETS genes, as other genes with homology to viral oncogenes, might be instrumental in regulating cellular growth and differentiation, as well as organismal development.
Animals↗
Reoperation for moyamoya disease refractory to encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis.
Three cases of Moyamoya disease successfully treated by reoperation are reported with special reference to the operative techniques in the second operation. These children first underwent encephalo-duro-arterio-synangiosis (EDAS). Because two of the three postoperative collateral formations through EDAS were either poor or not present at all and their symptoms remained. Encephalo-myo-synangiosis (EMS) was later added in the posterior frontal and/or parietal regions of the same side as the former EDAS. In the remaining one, the collaterals through EDAS were well formed but transient ischaemic attack (TIA) persisted in the lower limb. The collateral to the middle cerebral arterial (MCA) distribution, even though seemingly well formed, was not sufficient to obtain a complete subsidence of the symptoms. In this case encephalo-myo-arterio-synangiosis (EMAS) was later added to the antero-medial frontal region of the same side as the EDAS to form collaterals to the anterior cerebral arterial (ACA) distribution. In all three cases the angiograms after the second operation showed good formation of collaterals, and the symptoms subsided. The causes of poor collateral formation through EDAS and operative techniques for the additional operation for those cases refractory to EDAS are discussed.
Brain↗
Long-term results of wrapping of intracranial ruptured aneurysms.
We report the long term result of the treatment of 29 intracranial ruptured aneurysms by wrapping with or without coating. These patients were followed for a mean period of 11 years. The outcome of all patients was as follows; 19 were categorized as good, 2 were severely disabled, on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), and 8 died. The rebleeding occurred in 5 patients within 3 years after surgery, and all died. There was an overall rate of 17% of rebleeding in our series, which is much higher than the rebleeding rate after aneurysm treatment by clipping of the neck but lower than the usual rebleeding rate in conservatively treated cases. In conclusion, the wrapping as a choice of treatment of ruptured aneurysms is not a safe alternative to the direct operative occlusion of the aneurysmal sack.
Adhesives↗
Two pediatric cases with occlusions of the ipsilateral internal carotid and posterior cerebral arteries associated with moyamoya vessels: "unilateral" moyamoya disease.
Two pediatric cases of unilateral Moyamoya disease are reported. The clinical symptoms and the findings of electroencephalography, angiography, and positron emission tomography in these cases were quite the same as those in the cases with bilateral involvement, which is typical of this disease. In both cases angiography demonstrated unilateral occlusion not only of the internal carotid artery but also of the posterior cerebral artery together with so-called Moyamoya vessels on the same side. Although infectious diseases were mentioned in the patients' histories, no obvious basic diseases related to the cerebrovascular occlusion were detected. We consider that these cases with unilateral involvement suggest the presence of unilateral Moyamoya disease without progression onto the opposite side.
Animals↗
Etiology of the disruption in blood-arterial wall barrier following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with a sudden rise in intracranial pressure, acute arterial hypertension, and subarachnoid blood. The role that each of these factors may play in the development of the acute barrier disruption of the major cerebral arteries following subarachnoid hemorrhage was investigated in 42 rabbits. Horseradish peroxidase was given intravenously to assess the integrity of the barrier by transmission electron microscopy. Permeation of the tracer into the vessel was noted only in animals with increased intracranial pressure. A sudden rise in intracranial pressure is suggested to trigger acute barrier disruption following subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Animals↗